Pi-Dan-Jian-Qing decoction ameliorates type 2 diabetes mellitus through regulating the gut microbiota and serum metabolism
Open accessAbstract
Pi-Dan-Jian-Qing decoction (PDJQ) can been used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in clinic. However, the protective mechanisms of PDJQ on T2DM remain unknown. Recent studies have shown that the changes in gut microbiota could affect the host metabolism and contribute to progression of T2DM. In this study, we first investigated the therapeutic effects of PDJQ on T2DM rats. 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics analyses were used to investigate the mechanisms of action of PDJQ in the treatment of T2DM. Our results showed that PDJQ treatment could improve the hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance (IR) and pathological changes of liver, pancreas, kidney, and colon in T2DM rats. PDJQ could also decrease the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibit the oxidative stress. 16S rRNA sequencing showed that PDJQ could decrease the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F to B) ratio at the phylum level. At the genus level, PDJQ could increase the relative abundances of Lactobacillus, Blautia, Bacteroides, Desulfovibrio and Akkermansia and decrease the relative abundance of Prevotella. Serum untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that PDJQ could regulate tryptophan metabolism, histidine metabolism, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis and tyrosine metabolism pathways. Correlation analysis indicated that the modulatory effects of PDJQ on the tryptophan metabolism, histidine metabolism and TCA cycle pathways were related to alterations in the abundance of Lactobacillus, Bacteroides and Akkermansia. In conclusion, our study revealed the various ameliorative effects of PDJQ on T2DM, including improving the liver and kidney functions and alleviating the hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, IR, pathological changes, oxidative stress and inflammatory response. The mechanisms of PDJQ on T2DM are likely linked to an improvement in the dysbiosis of gut microbiota and modulation of tryptophan metabolism, histamine metabolism, and the TCA cycle.
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Bacteroides play a critical role in modulating gut bacteria and metabolizing tricarboxylic acid, resulting in improved liver and kidney function as well as reduced hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses.
“Bacteroides play a critical role in modulating gut bacteria and metabolizing tricarboxylic acid, resulting in improved liver and kidney function as well as reduced hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses (Xie et al., 2021).”
From Lactiplantibacillus plantarum N4 ameliorates lipid metabolism and gut microbiota structure in high fat diet-fed rats (2024) · cites this paper as Xie et al., 2021
The Discussion (TCA Cycle; page unavailable) links Bacteroides abundance to TCA-cycle metabolites but says PDJQ's effect on the cycle *could* involve Bacteroides alongside other bacteria. The Discussion also reports correlations between Bacteroides and blood-lipid, biochemical, oxidative-stress, and inflammatory markers; the Results attribute improvements in liver and kidney pathology to PDJQ treatment in diabetic rats. These passages do not establish that Bacteroides itself causes all the claimed improvements or modulates other gut bacteria. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Targeting Gut Microbiome Therapy
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- Authors
- Xie, X., Liao, J., Ai, Y., Gao, J., Zhao, J., Qu, F., Xu, C., Zhang, Z., Wen, W., Cui, H., & Wang, H.
- Affiliations
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (CN)
- Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (CN)
- Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (CN)
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (CN)
- Shandong University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Wen, Weibo
- Cui, Huantian
- Wang, Hongwu
- Venue
- Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2021-12-06
- Volume
- 11
- Pages
- 748872-748872
- ISSN
- 2235-2988 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8685325
- OpenAlex
- W4200079452
- Cited by
- 37
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 6
- FWCI
- 1.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Major Science and Technology Projects in Yunnan Province (202101AT070246)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Berberine and alkaloids research
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, gut microbiota, dysbiosis, serum metabolomics, tryptophan metabolism, histidine metabolism, TCA cycle, Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, traditional Chinese medicine
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Hyperglycemia, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Rats, Dysbiosis
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