Cited by 158Birth, Development, and HealthEpigenetics and DNA MethylationGenetic Syndromes and Imprinting

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Epigenetic Programming and Fetal Metabolic Programming

Open access

Zhu, Ziqiang, Cao, Fang, Li, Xiaozhong·2019·Frontiers in Endocrinology

DOI 10.3389/fendo.2019.00764PMC PMC6901800

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Abstract

Fetal metabolic programming caused by the adverse intrauterine environment can induce metabolic syndrome in adult offspring. Adverse intrauterine environment introduces fetal long-term relatively irreversible changes in organs and metabolism, and thus causes fetal metabolic programming leading metabolic syndrome in adult offspring. Fetal metabolic programming of obesity and insulin resistance plays a key role in this process. The mechanism of fetal metabolic programming is still not very clear. It is suggested that epigenetic programming, also induced by the adverse intrauterine environment, is a critical underlying mechanism of fetal metabolic programming. Fetal epigenetic programming affects gene expression changes and cellular function through epigenetic modifications without DNA nucleotide sequence changes. Epigenetic modifications can be relatively stably retained and transmitted through mitosis and generations, and thereby induce the development of metabolic syndrome in adult offspring. This manuscript provides an overview of the critical role of epigenetic programming in fetal metabolic programming.

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Figure 1 Obesity and insulin resistance as key factors resulting metabolic syndrome. IR, insulin resistance; IGT, Impaired glucose tolerance; DLM, disturbance of lipid metabolism; CVD, cardiovascular diseases.CC BY · PubMed Central

Figure 2 Intergenerational transmission of metabolic syndrome. Adverse intrauterine environment induced fetal epigenetic programming and fetal metabolic programming may introduce a circle of metabolic syndrome across generations without genetic changes. MS, metabolic syndrome; FMP, fetal metabolic programming; FEP, fetal epigenetic programming; AIE, adverse intrauterine environment; ULS, unhealthy lifestyle.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Authors: Zhu, Z., Cao, F., & Li, X.
Affiliations: Soochow University (CN)
Nanjing Medical University (CN)
Corresponding author: Li, Xiaozhong
ORCID: Zhu, Ziqiang
Li, Xiaozhong
Venue: Frontiers in Endocrinology
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Published: 2019-12-03
Volume: 10
Pages: 764-764
ISSN: 1664-2392 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00764
PMC: PMC6901800
OpenAlex: W2981958174
Cited by: 158
References: 199
Citations by year: 2026: 27 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 17
FWCI: 3.16
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Frontiers in Endocrinology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: Jiangsu Commission of Health
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Syndromes and Imprinting
Keywords: epigenetic programming, metabolic syndrome, adult offspring, obesity, insulin resistance, epigenetic modifications, transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, fetal development

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Epigenetic Programming and Fetal Metabolic Programming

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