The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Immunotherapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles
Open accessAbstract
Extracellular vesicle or EV is a term that encompasses all classes of secreted lipid membrane vesicles. Despite being scientific novelties, EVs are gaining importance as a mediator of important physiological and pathological intercellular activities possibly through the transfer of their cargo of protein and RNA between cells. In particular, exosomes, the currently best characterized EVs have been notable for their in vitro and in vivo immunomodulatory activities. Exosomes are nanometer-sized endosome-derived vesicles secreted by many cell types and their immunomodulatory potential is independent of their cell source. Besides immune cells such as dendritic cells, macrophages, and T cells, cancer and stem cells also secrete immunologically active exosomes that could influence both physiological and pathological processes. The immunological activities of exosomes affect both innate and adaptive immunity and include antigen presentation, T cell activation, T cell polarization to regulatory T cells, immune suppression, and anti-inflammation. As such, exosomes carry much immunotherapeutic potential as a therapeutic agent and a therapeutic target.
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Cites
1 retracted
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Cited by
Exosomes: Therapy delivery tools and biomarkers of diseases
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Dendritic cell-derived exosomes for cancer therapy.
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhang, B., Yin, Y., Lai, R. C., & Lim, S. K.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2014-10-22
- Volume
- 5
- Pages
- 518-518
- ISSN
- 1664-3224 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2115477691
- Cited by
- 173
- References
- 12
- FWCI
- 5.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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