The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Impact of Obesity on Influenza A Virus Pathogenesis, Immune Response, and Evolution
Open accessAbstract
With the rising prevalence of obesity has come an increasing awareness of its impact on communicable disease. As a consequence of the 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus pandemic, obesity was identified for the first time as a risk factor for increased disease severity and mortality in infected individuals. Over-nutrition that results in obesity causes a chronic state of meta-inflammation with systemic implications for immunity. Obese hosts exhibit delayed and blunted antiviral responses to influenza virus infection, and they experience poor recovery from the disease. Furthermore, the efficacy of antivirals and vaccines is reduced in this population and obesity may also play a role in altering the viral life cycle, thus complementing the already weakened immune response and leading to severe pathogenesis. Case studies and basic research in human cohorts and animal models have highlighted the prolonged viral shed in the obese host, as well as a microenvironment that permits the emergence of virulent minor variants. This review focuses on influenza A virus pathogenesis in the obese host, and on the impact of obesity on the antiviral response, viral shed, and viral evolution. We comprehensively analyze the recent literature on how and why viral pathogenesis is altered in the obese host along with the impact of the altered host and pathogenic state on viral evolutionary dynamics in multiple models. Finally, we summarized the effectiveness of current vaccines and antivirals in this populations and the questions that remain to be answered. If current trends continue, nearly 50% of the worldwide population is projected to be obese by 2050. This population will have a growing impact on both non-communicable and communicable diseases and may affect global evolutionary trends of influenza virus.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Adipokines in inflammation and metabolic disease
Ouchi, N., Parker, J. L., Lugus, J. J., & Walsh, K. (2011) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2921 · Cited by 4,625
Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in the United States, 2003-2012
Aguilar, M., Bhuket, T., Torres, S., Liu, B., & Wong, R. J. (2015) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2015.4260 · Cited by 1,267
The Pathology of Influenza Virus Infections
Taubenberger, J. K., & Morens, D. M. (2008) · Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease · doi:10.1146/annurev.pathmechdis.3.121806.154316 · Cited by 1,111
OBESE, A NEW MUTATION IN THE HOUSE MOUSE*
INGALLS, A. M., DICKIE, M. M., & SNELL, G. D. (1950) · Journal of Heredity · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a106073 · Cited by 1,090
The effect of obesity on lung function
Dixon, A. E., & Peters, U. (2018) · Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1080/17476348.2018.1506331 · Cited by 889
The inflammation highway: metabolism accelerates inflammatory traffic in obesity
Johnson, A. R., Justin Milner, J., & Makowski, L. (2012) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.2012.01151.x · Cited by 603
Increased obese mRNA expression in omental fat cells from massively obese humans
Hamilton, B. S., Paglia, D., Kwan, A. Y. M., & Deitel, M. (1995) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm0995-953 · Cited by 526
DeFuria, J., Belkina, A. C., Jagannathan-Bogdan, M., Snyder-Cappione, J., Carr, J. D., Nersesova, Y. R., Markham, D., Strissel, K. J., Watkins, A. A., Zhu, M., et al. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1215840110 · Cited by 521
Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in adults and children
Jefferson, T., Jones, M. A., Doshi, P., Del Mar, C. B., Hama, R., Thompson, M. J., Spencer, E. A., Onakpoya, I. J., Mahtani, K. R., Nunan, D., et al. (2014) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008965.pub4 · Cited by 382
Epidemiology of fatal cases associated with pandemic H1N1 influenza 2009.
Vaillant, L., La Ruche, G., Tarantola, A., Barboza, P., & for the epidemic intelligence team at InVS (2009) · Eurosurveillance · doi:10.2807/ese.14.33.19309-en · Cited by 348
Cited by
Simonnet, A., Chetboun, M., Poissy, J., Raverdy, V., Noulette, J., Duhamel, A., Labreuche, J., Mathieu, D., Pattou, F., Jourdain, M., et al. (2020) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.22831 · Cited by 2,079
Bourgonje, A. R., Abdulle, A. E., Timens, W., Hillebrands, J., Navis, G. J., Gordijn, S. J., Bolling, M. C., Dijkstra, G., Voors, A. A., Osterhaus, A. D., et al. (2020) · The Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1002/path.5471 · Cited by 1,081
Obesity and diabetes as high‐risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19)
Zhou, Y., Chi, J., Lv, W., & Wang, Y. (2021) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3377 · Cited by 490
da Silveira, M. P., da Silva Fagundes, K. K., Bizuti, M. R., Starck, É., Rossi, R. C., & de Resende e Silva, D. T. (2021) · Clinical and Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10238-020-00650-3 · Cited by 475
Obesity could shift severe COVID-19 disease to younger ages
Kass, D. A., Duggal, P., & Cingolani, O. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31024-2 · Cited by 435
Metadata
- Authors
- Honce, R., & Schultz-Cherry, S.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2019-05-10
- Volume
- 10
- Pages
- 1071-1071
- ISSN
- 1664-3224 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2944462720
- Cited by
- 457
- References
- 12
- FWCI
- 47.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Impact of Obesity on Influenza A Virus Pathogenesis, Immune Response, and Evolution. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01071
- The paper
- Honce, R., & Schultz-Cherry, S. (2019). Impact of Obesity on Influenza A Virus Pathogenesis, Immune Response, and Evolution. Frontiers in Immunology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01071
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
