The effect of obesity on lung function
Open accessAbstract
INTRODUCTION: There is a major epidemic of obesity, and many obese patients suffer with respiratory symptoms and disease. The overall impact of obesity on lung function is multifactorial, related to mechanical and inflammatory aspects of obesity. Areas covered: Obesity causes substantial changes to the mechanics of the lungs and chest wall, and these mechanical changes cause asthma and asthma-like symptoms such as dyspnea, wheeze, and airway hyperresponsiveness. Excess adiposity is also associated with increased production of inflammatory cytokines and immune cells that may also lead to disease. This article reviews the literature addressing the relationship between obesity and lung function, and studies addressing how the mechanical and inflammatory effects of obesity might lead to changes in lung mechanics and pulmonary function in obese adults and children. Expert commentary: Obesity has significant effects on respiratory function, which contribute significantly to the burden of respiratory disease. These mechanical effects are not readily quantified with conventional pulmonary function testing and measurement of body mass index. Changes in mediators produced by adipose tissue likely also contribute to altered lung function, though as of yet this is poorly understood.
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Pathophysiological changes in the respiratory system, such as reduced lung and chest wall compliance caused by excess visceral fat, diminish expiratory reserve volume and functional residual capacity, increase pleural pressure, and cause ventilation/perfusion imbalance.
“Pathophysiological changes in the respiratory system, such as reduced lung and chest wall compliance caused by excess visceral fat, diminish the expiratory reserve volume (ERV) and functional residual capacity (FRC), increase pleural pressure, and cause ventilation and perfusion (V/Q) imbalance [63–65].”
From The critical role of oxidative stress in sarcopenic obesity (2021) · cites this paper as [63]
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Definition and diagnostic criteria of clinical obesity
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Does SARS-Cov-2 threaten our dreams? Effect of quarantine on sleep quality and body mass index
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Obesity: pathophysiology and therapeutic interventions
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The critical role of oxidative stress in sarcopenic obesity
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Pathways to Severe COVID‐19 for People with Obesity
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Excess body weight is an independent risk factor for severe forms of COVID-19
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Alqarni, A., Badr, O., Aldhahir, A., Alqahtani, J., Siraj, R., Naser, A., Alghamdi, A., Majrshi, M., Alghamdi, S., Alyami, M., et al. (2024) · International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease · doi:10.2147/copd.s442851 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
- Authors
- Dixon, A. E., & Peters, U.
- Affiliations
- University of Vermont (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dixon, Anne E.
- Venue
- Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2018-08-14
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 755-767
- ISSN
- 1747-6348 (ISSN-L)
- 1747-6356
- PMC
- PMC6311385
- OpenAlex
- W2883921268
- Cited by
- 889
- References
- 135
- Citations by year
- 2026: 107 · 2025: 119 · 2024: 150 · 2023: 119 · 2022: 123 · 2021: 144 · 2020: 108 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 12.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01 HL130847)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- obesity, lung function, lung mechanics, chest wall mechanics, asthma, airway hyperresponsiveness, dyspnea, wheezing, adipose tissue inflammation, inflammatory cytokines, respiratory diseases, children
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Asthma, Child, Dyspnea, Humans, Lung, Obesity, Respiration, Respiratory Function Tests, Respiratory Hypersensitivity, Body Mass Index
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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