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Cited by 69Oceanographic and Atmospheric ProcessesMeteorological Phenomena and SimulationsUnderwater Vehicles and Communication Systems

Requirements for an integrated in situ atlantic ocean observing system from coordinated observing system simulation experiments.

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Gasparin, Florent, Guinehut, Stephanie, Mao, Chongyuan, Mirouze, Isabelle, Rémy, Elisabeth, King, Robert R., Hamon, Mathieu, Reid, Rebecca, Storto, Andrea, Le Traon, Pierre-Yves, Martin, Matthew J., Masina, Simona·2019·Frontiers in Marine Science
DOI 10.3389/fmars.2019.00083
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Abstract

A coordinated effort based on Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) has been carried out for the first time by four European ocean forecasting centers in order to provide insights on the present and future design of the in situ Atlantic Ocean observing system from a monitoring and forecasting perspective. This multi-system approach is based on assimilating synthetic data sets, obtained by sub-sampling in space and time an eddy-resolving unconstrained simulation, named the Nature Run. To assess the ability of a given Atlantic Ocean observing system to constrain the ocean model state, a set of assimilating experiments were performed using four global eddy-permitting systems. For each set of experiments, different designs of the in situ observing system have been assimilated, such as implementing a global drifter array equipped with a thermistor chain down to 150 m depth or extending a part of the global Argo array in the deep ocean. While results from the four systems show similarities and differences, the comparison of the experiments with the Nature Run generally demonstrates a positive impact of the different extra observation networks on the temperature and salinity fields. The spread of the multi-system simulations, combined with the sensitivity of each system to the evaluated observing networks, allowed us to discuss the robustness of the results and their dependence on the specific analysis system. By helping define and test future observing systems from an integrated observing system view, the present work is an initial step toward better-coordinated initiatives for supporting the evolution of the ocean observing system and its integration within ocean monitoring and forecasting systems.

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  • Temperature and salinity errors were reduced by 5-10% in the upper 2000 m with an enhancement of Argo sampling in equatorial regions and by around 20-30% in the deep ocean due to the implementation of deep Argo.

    “Temperature and salinity errors were reduced by 5-10% in the upper 2000 m with an enhancement of Argo sampling in equatorial regions and by around 20-30% in the deep ocean due to the implementation of deep Argo (Gasparin et al., 2019).”

    From The tropical atlantic observing system (2019) · cites this paper as Gasparin et al., 2019

    The 'Doubling Argo in the WBC and Along the Equator' section reports a 5–10% reduction in temperature and salinity error across the Atlantic in the upper 2,000 m. 'Implementing a Deep Argo Array' reports an average improvement of 20% below 2,000 m, not a 20–30% reduction; its 20–30% figure is the standard deviation across systems. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Authors
Gasparin, F., Guinehut, S., Mao, C., Mirouze, I., Rémy, E., King, R. R., Hamon, M., Reid, R., Storto, A., Le Traon, P.-Y., Martin, M. J., & Masina, S.
Affiliations
  • Mercator Ocean (France) (FR)
  • Collecte Localisation Satellites (France) (FR)
  • Met Office (GB)
  • Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique (FR)
  • NATO Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation (IT)
  • CMCC Foundation - Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (IT)
Corresponding author
Gasparin, Florent
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Marine Science
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2019-03-14
Volume
6
Issue
83
Pages
14p.
ISSN
2296-7745 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fmars.2019.00083
OpenAlex
W2911650121
Cited by
69
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8
FWCI
5.39
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Frontiers in Marine Science (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • HAL (submittedVersion)
  • Institutional Archive of Ifremer (French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • IOC of UNESCO (Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission) (cc-by)
Funders
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Ocean Engineering › Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems
Keywords
observing system simulation experiments, ocean data assimilation, Argo floats, oceanographic monitoring, ocean forecasting, eddy-resolving ocean model, nature run, temperature and salinity fields, observing system design

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