Subtype and Regional-Specific Neuroinflammation in Sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease
Open accessAbstract
The present study identifies deregulated cytokines and mediators of the immune response in the frontal cortex and cerebellum of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) MM1 and VV2 subtypes compared to age-matched controls. Deregulated genes include pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, toll-like receptors, colony stimulating factors, cathepsins, members of the complement system, and members of the integrin and CTL/CTLD family with particular regional and sCJD subtype patterns. Analysis of cytokines and mediators at protein level shows expression of selected molecules and receptors in neurons, in astrocytes, and/or in microglia, thus suggesting interactions between neurons and glial cells, mainly microglia, in the neuroinflammatory response in sCJD. Similar inflammatory responses have been shown in the tg340 sCJD MM1 mice, revealing a progressive deregulation of inflammatory mediators with disease progression. Yet, inflammatory molecules involved are subjected to species differences in humans and mice. Moreover, inflammatory-related cell signaling pathways NFκB/IKK and JAK/STAT are activated in sCJD and sCJD MM1 mice. Together, the present observations show a self-sustained complex inflammatory and inflammatory-related responses occurring already at early clinical stages in animal model and dramatically progressing at advanced stages of sCJD. Considering this scenario, measures tailored to modulate (activate or inhibit) specific molecules could be therapeutic options in CJD.
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A significant increase in the abundance of CD68 compared to healthy controls, in a region-specific manner and dependent on the sCJD subtype, has been shown in an independent study.
“A significant increase in the abundance of CD68 compared to healthy controls, in a region-specific manner and dependent on the sCJD subtype, has already been shown in an independent study [116].”
From Loss of Homeostatic Microglia Signature in Prion Diseases (2022) · cites this paper as [116]
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- Authors
- Llorens, F., López-González, I., Thüne, K., Carmona, M., Zafar, S., Andréoletti, O., Zerr, I., & Ferrer, I.
- Affiliations
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DE)
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ES)
- University of Göttingen (DE)
- Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes (FR)
- Venue
- Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2014-08-04
- Volume
- 6
- Pages
- 198-198
- ISSN
- 1663-4365 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4120692
- OpenAlex
- W2159941460
- Cited by
- 69
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 5
- FWCI
- 3.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Dipòsit Digital de la Universitat de Barcelona (Universitat de Barcelona) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- GoeScholar The Publication Server of the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- DZNE Pub (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- GRO (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria
- European Commission (222887, 278486)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, neuroinflammation, cytokines, Toll-like receptors, microglia, astrocytes, neurons, frontal cortex, cerebellum, JAK/STAT signaling, cathepsins, complement system, integrins, colony-stimulating factors, prion disease, neuroinflammatory biomarkers
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