Identifying Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease With Electroencephalogram Functional Connectivity
Open accessAbstract
Objective: Cognitive impairment occurs frequently in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and negatively impacts the patient’s quality of life. However, its pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear, hindering the development of new therapies. Changes in brain connectivity are related to cognitive impairment in patients with PD, with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) being considered the essential region related to PD cognitive impairment. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on the global connectivity responsible for communication with the DLPFC node, the posterior division of the middle frontal gyrus (PMFG) in patients with PD; this was the focus of this study. Methods: We applied resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) and calculated a reliable functional connectivity measurement, the debiased weighted phase lag index (dWPLI), to examine inter-regional functional connectivity in 68 patients with PD who were classified into two groups according to their cognitive condition. Results: We observed that altered left and right PMFG-based functional connectivity associated with cognitive impairment in patients with PD in the theta frequency bands under the eyes closed condition (r = −0.426, p < 0.001 and r = −0.437, p < 0.001, respectively). Exploratory results based on the MoCA subdomains indicated that poorer visuospatial function was associated with higher right PMFG-based functional connectivity (r = −0.335, p = 0.005), and poorer attention function was associated with higher left and right PMFG-based functional connectivity (r = −0.380, p = 0.001 and r = −0.256, p = 0.035, respectively). Further analysis using logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves found that this abnormal functional connectivity was an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment [odds ratio (OR): 2.949, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.294–6.725, p = 0.01 for left PMFG; OR: 11.278, 95% CI: 2.578–49.335, p = 0.001 for right PMFG, per 0.1 U], and provided moderate classification power to discriminate between cognitive abilities in patients with PD [area under the ROC curve (AUC) = 0.770 for left PMFG; AUC = 0.809 for right PMFG]. Conclusion: These preliminary findings indicate that abnormal PMFG-based functional connectivity patterns associated with cognitive impairment in the theta frequency bands under the eyes closed condition and altered functional connectivity patterns have the potential to act as reliable biomarkers for identifying cognitive impairment in patients with PD.
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Neurodegenerative diseases are usually characterized by a significant reduction in network connectivity, and cortical EEG-FC reflects the intensity of information flow among involved cortical regions.
“Neurodegenerative diseases are usually characterized by a significant reduction in network connectivity, and cortical EEG-FC reflects the intensity of information flow among involved cortical regions [57-59].”
From QEEG Signatures are Associated with Nonmotor Dysfunctions in Parkinson's Disease and Atypical Parkinsonism: An Integrative Analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [58]
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- Authors
- Cai, M., Dang, G., Su, X., Zhu, L., Shi, X., Che, S., Lan, X., Luo, X., & Guo, Y.
- Affiliations
- Jinan University (CN)
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Guo, Yi
- Venue
- Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2021-07-01
- Volume
- 13
- Pages
- 701499-701499
- ISSN
- 1663-4365 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8281812
- OpenAlex
- W3183914724
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5
- FWCI
- 1.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (JCYJ20170818111012390, 81901208)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- Parkinson's disease, mild cognitive impairment, resting-state EEG, functional connectivity, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, theta band, visuospatial ability, attention, cognitive impairment prediction, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, cognitive impairment classification, eyes-closed condition
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