Compartmentalized cerebral metabolism of [1,6–13C]glucose determined by in vivo13C NMR spectroscopy at 14.1 T
Open accessAbstract
Cerebral metabolism is compartmentalized between neurons and glia. Although glial glycolysis is thought to largely sustain the energetic requirements of neurotransmission while oxidative metabolism takes place mainly in neurons, this hypothesis is matter of debate. The compartmentalization of cerebral metabolic fluxes can be determined by (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy upon infusion of (13)C-enriched compounds, especially glucose. Rats under light α-chloralose anesthesia were infused with [1,6-(13)C]glucose and (13)C enrichment in the brain metabolites was measured by (13)C NMR spectroscopy with high sensitivity and spectral resolution at 14.1 T. This allowed determining (13)C enrichment curves of amino acid carbons with high reproducibility and to reliably estimate cerebral metabolic fluxes (mean error of 8%). We further found that TCA cycle intermediates are not required for flux determination in mathematical models of brain metabolism. Neuronal tricarboxylic acid cycle rate (V(TCA)) and neurotransmission rate (V(NT)) were 0.45 ± 0.01 and 0.11 ± 0.01 μmol/g/min, respectively. Glial V(TCA) was found to be 38 ± 3% of total cerebral oxidative metabolism, accounting for more than half of neuronal oxidative metabolism. Furthermore, glial anaplerotic pyruvate carboxylation rate (V(PC)) was 0.069 ± 0.004 μmol/g/min, i.e., 25 ± 1% of the glial TCA cycle rate. These results support a role of glial cells as active partners of neurons during synaptic transmission beyond glycolytic metabolism.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Individuals with PTSD have reduced thalamic functional connectivity with the rostral ACC and mPFC.
“individuals with PTSD have been shown to have reduced thalamic functional connectivity with a variety of brain regions including the rostral ACC and mPFC (Duarte et al., 2011; Yin et al., 2011),”
From Cortico-striatal-thalamic loop circuits of the salience network: A central pathway in psychiatric disease and treatment (2016) · cites this paper as Duarte et al., 2011
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Pellerin, L., & Magistretti, P. J. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.22.10625 · Cited by 2,927 · cited 2× · see citing works
“The produced lactate is transferred to neurons for oxidative degradation (Pellerin and Magistretti, 1994; Magistretti et al., 1999).”
BackgroundSiesjö, B. K. (1978) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,426 · see citing works
Magistretti, P. J., Pellerin, L., Rothman, D. L., & Shulman, R. G. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.283.5401.496 · Cited by 1,170 · see citing works
Stoichiometric coupling of brain glucose metabolism and glutamatergic neuronal activity.
Sibson, N. R., Dhankhar, A., Mason, G. F., Rothman, D. L., Behar, K. L., & Shulman, R. G. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.1.316 · Cited by 897 · see citing works
Supply and demand in cerebral energy metabolism: the role of nutrient transporters
Simpson, I. A., Carruthers, A., & Vannucci, S. J. (2007) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600521 · Cited by 812 · see citing works
Welsh, F. A., & Shapiro, H. M. (1979) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/00000542-197904000-00027 · Cited by 647 · see citing works
Ebert, D., Haller, R. G., & Walton, M. E. (2003) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-13-05928.2003 · Cited by 427 · see citing works
The glutamate‐glutamine cycle is not stoichiometric: Fates of glutamate in brain
McKenna, M. C. (2007) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.21444 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Boumezbeur, F., Petersen, K. F., Cline, G. W., Mason, G. F., Behar, K. L., Shulman, G. I., & Rothman, D. L. (2010) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2040-10.2010 · Cited by 362 · see citing works
Patel, A. B., de Graaf, R. A., Mason, G. F., Rothman, D. L., Shulman, R. G., & Behar, K. L. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0501703102 · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Cerebral metabolism of [1,2-13C2]acetate as detected by in vivo and in vitro 13C NMR.
Cerdán, S., Künnecke, B., & Seelig, J. (1990) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)38247-x · Cited by 336 · see citing works
Glucose and lactate metabolism during brain activation
Dienel, G. A., & Hertz, L. (2001) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.10079 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
A mathematical model of compartmentalized neurotransmitter metabolism in the human brain
Gruetter, R., Seaquist, E. R., & Ugurbil, K. (2001) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.2001.281.1.e100 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Localized short‐echo‐time proton MR spectroscopy with full signal‐intensity acquisition
Mlynárik, V., Gambarota, G., Hanne Frenkel, A., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2006) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/mrm.21043 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Badar‐Goffer, R. S., Bachelard, H. S., & Morris, P. G. (1990) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj2660133 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Neuroglial Metabolism in the Awake Rat Brain: CO2Fixation Increases with Brain Activity
Öz, G., Berkich, D. A., Henry, P., Xu, Y., LaNoue, K. F., Hutson, S. M., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2004) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3564-04.2004 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Ueki, M., Mies, G., & Hossmann, K. (1992) · Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1992.tb03474.x · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Gallagher, C., Carpenter, K. L. H., Grice, P., Howe, D. J., Mason, A., Timofeev, I. S., Menon, D. K., Kirkpatrick, P. J., Pickard, J. D., Sutherland, G. R., et al. (2009) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awp202 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Glycogen: The forgotten cerebral energy store
Rolf Gruetter, A. (2003) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.10785 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Self-citationMangia, S., Simpson, I. A., Vannucci, S. J., & Carruthers, A. (2009) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06003.x · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Hyder, F., Chase, J. R., Behar, K. L., Mason, G. F., Siddeek, M., Rothman, D. L., & Shulman, R. G. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.15.7612 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Assaf, Y., & Cohen, Y. (2000) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/(sici)1522-2594(200002)43:2 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Effects of anesthesia on functional activation of cerebral blood flow and metabolism
Nakao, Y., Itoh, Y., Kuang, T., Cook, M., Jehle, J. W., & Sokoloff, L. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.121179898 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Künnecke, B., Cerdán, S., & Seelig, J. (1993) · NMR in Biomedicine · doi:10.1002/nbm.1940060406 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Increased lactate/pyruvate ratio augments blood flow in physiologically activated human brain
Mintun, M. A., Vlassenko, A. G., Rundle, M. M., & Raichle, M. E. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0307457100 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Duarte, J. M. N., Carvalho, R. A., Cunha, R. A., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2009) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06349.x · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Self-citationChoi, I.-Y., Lei, H., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2002) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1097/01.wcb.0000040945.89393.46 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Self-citationZhu, X., Zhang, Y., Tian, R.-X., Lei, H. C., Zhang, N., Zhang, X., Merkle, H., Uǧurbil, K., & Chen, W. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.202471399 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Hyder, F., Rothman, D. L., Mason, G. F., Rangarajan, A., Behar, K. L., & Shulman, R. G. (1997) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1097/00004647-199710000-00005 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Dusick, J. R., Glenn, T. C., Lee, W.-N. P., Vespa, P. M., Kelly, D. F., Lee, S. M., Hovda, D. A., & Martin, N. A. (2007) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600458 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
GJEDDE, A. H., & Marrett, S. (2001) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1097/00004647-200112000-00002 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Metabolism of acetyl‐l‐carnitine for energy and neurotransmitter synthesis in the immature rat brain
Scafidi, S., Fiskum, G. M., Lindauer, S. L., Bamford, P. D., Shi, D., Hopkins, I. B., & McKenna, M. C. (2010) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06807.x · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Regulation of glial metabolism studied by 13C‐NMR
Zwingmann, C., & Leibfritz, D. (2003) · NMR in Biomedicine · doi:10.1002/nbm.850 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Sonnewald, U., Westergaard, N., Jones, P., TAYLOR, A. J., Bachelard, H. S., & Schousboe, A. (1996) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67062566.x · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Gamberino, W. C., Berkich, D. A., Lynch, C. J., Xu, B., & LaNoue, K. F. (1997) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69062312.x · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Sonnewald, U., Westergaard, N., Hassel, B., Müller, T., Unsgård, G., Fonnum, F., Hertz, L., Schousboe, A., & Petersen, S. B. (1994) · Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1159/000111355 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Acetate transport and utilization in the rat brain
Deelchand, D. K., Shestov, A. A., Koski, D. M., Uǧurbil, K., & Henry, P. (2009) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.05895.x · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Regional glucose metabolism and glutamatergic neurotransmission in rat brain in vivo
de Graaf, R. A., Mason, G. F., Patel, A. B., Rothman, D. L., & Behar, K. L. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0405065101 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Detection of [1,6‐13C2]‐glucose metabolism in rat brain by in vivo 1H‐[13C]‐NMR spectroscopy
de Graaf, R. A., Brown, P. B., Mason, G. F., Rothman, D. L., & Behar, K. L. (2002) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/mrm.10348 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Brookes, N., & Turner, R. J. (1994) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.1994.267.6.c1633 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Patel, A. B., de Graaf, R. A., Rothman, D. L., Behar, K. L., & Mason, G. F. (2010) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2010.2 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Demonstration of Pyruvate Recycling in Primary Cultures of Neocortical Astrocytes but Not in Neurons
Waagepetersen, H. S., Qu, H., Hertz, L., Sonnewald, U., & Schousboe, A. (2002) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1023/a:1021636102735 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
1H‐localized broadband 13C NMR spectroscopy of the rat brain in vivo at 9.4 T
Henry, P., Tkáč, I., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2003) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/mrm.10601 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Self-citationHenry, P., Lebon, V., Vaufrey, F., Brouillet, E., Hantraye, P., & Bloch, G. (2002) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01006.x · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Henry, P., Öz, G., Provencher, S. W., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2003) · NMR in Biomedicine · doi:10.1002/nbm.840 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Nguyen, N. H. T., Morland, C., González, S. V., Rise, F., Storm‐Mathisen, J., Gundersen, V., & Hassel, B. (2006) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04397.x · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Alanine metabolism, transport, and cycling in the brain
Bröer, S., Bröer, A., Hansen, J. T., Bubb, W. A., Balcar, V. J., Nasrallah, F. A., Garner, B., & Rae, C. D. (2007) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04654.x · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Cerebral metabolism and consciousness
Shulman, R. G., Hyder, F., & Rothman, D. L. (2003) · Comptes Rendus Biologies · doi:10.1016/s1631-0691(03)00071-4 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
van Eijsden, P., Behar, K. L., Mason, G. F., Braun, K. P. J., & de Graaf, R. A. (2009) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06428.x · Cited by 46 · see citing works
On the reliability of 13C metabolic modeling with two‐compartment neuronal‐glial models
Shestov, A. A., Valette, J., Uǧurbil, K., & Henry, P. (2007) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.21269 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Dienel, G. A., & Cruz, N. F. (2009) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.05859.x · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Duarte, J. M. N., Cunha, R. A., & Carvalho, R. A. (2006) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.11.027 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationShen, J., Rothman, D. L., Behar, K. L., & Xu, S. (2008) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2008.102 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
The case of the missing glutamine
Hancu, I., & Port, J. D. (2011) · NMR in Biomedicine · doi:10.1002/nbm.1620 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Steady-state brain glucose transport kinetics re-evaluated with a four-state conformational model
Duarte, J. M. N. (2009) · Frontiers in Neuroenergetics · doi:10.3389/neuro.14.006.2009 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationMerle, M., Martin, M., Villégier, A., et al. (1996) · European Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0742u.x · Cited by 32 · see citing works
1H‐[13C] NMR spectroscopy of the rat brain during infusion of [2‐13C] acetate at 14.1 T
Xin, L., Mlynárik, V., Lanz, B., Hanne Frenkel, A., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2010) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/mrm.22359 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationJucker, B. M., Schaeffer, T. R., Haimbach, R. E., McIntosh, T. S., Chun, D., Mayer, M. E., Ohlstein, D. H., Davis, H. M., Smith, S. A., Cobitz, A. R., et al. (2002) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.7.2066 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Extracellular potassium regulates the glutamine content of astrocytes: mediation by intracellular pH
Brookes, N., & Turner, R. J. (1993) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(93)9002-7 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Uffmann, K., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2007) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.21392 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationSerres, S., Bezançon, E., Franconi, J., & Merle, M. (2007) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04442.x · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Yang, J., Xu, S., & Shen, J. (2009) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2008.170 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Peters, S. K., Dunlop, K., & Downar, J. (2016) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2016.00104 · Cited by 611 · see citing works
“…with PTSD have been shown to have reduced thalamic functional connectivity with a variety of brain regions including the rostral ACC and mPFC (Duarte et al., 2011; Yin et al., 2011), and it has been suggested that flashback symptoms occur in part due to dysfunctional corticothalamic activity…”
BackgroundBrain lactate metabolism: the discoveries and the controversies
Dienel, G. A. (2012) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2011.175 · Cited by 479 · see citing works
Patel, A. B., Lai, J. C. K., Chowdhury, G. M. I., Hyder, F., Rothman, D. L., Shulman, R. G., & Behar, K. L. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1403576111 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Ammonia Metabolism and Hyperammonemic Disorders
Walker, V. (2014) · Advances in clinical chemistry · doi:10.1016/bs.acc.2014.09.002 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance as a Sensitive Detector of Metabolic Function
Comment, A., & Merritt, M. E. (2014) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi501225t · Cited by 161 · see citing works
How to measure metabolic fluxes: a taxonomic guide for 13C fluxomics
Niedenführ, S., Wiechert, W., & Nöh, K. (2014) · Current Opinion in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2014.12.003 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Dienel, G. A. (2013) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2013.06.015 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
The Role of Glutamine Synthetase and Glutamate Dehydrogenase in Cerebral Ammonia Homeostasis
Cooper, A. J. L. (2012) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-012-0803-4 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Brain energy metabolism: A roadmap for future research
Rae, C. D., Baur, J. A., Borges, K., Dienel, G. A., Díaz‐García, C. M., Douglass, S. R., Drew, K. L., Duarte, J. M. N., Durán, J., Kann, O., et al. (2024) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.16032 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Self-citationModeling the glutamate–glutamine neurotransmitter cycle
Shen, J. (2013) · Frontiers in Neuroenergetics · doi:10.3389/fnene.2013.00001 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Quantitative fMRI and oxidative neuroenergetics
Hyder, F., & Rothman, D. L. (2012) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.04.027 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Duarte, J. M. N., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2013) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.12333 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Self-citationSonnay, S., Gruetter, R., & Duarte, J. M. N. (2017) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00288 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Self-citationBastiaansen, J., Cheng, T., Mishkovsky, M., Duarte, J. M. N., Comment, A., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2013) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects · doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.03.023 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationTiwari, V., Ambadipudi, S., & Patel, A. B. (2013) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2013.114 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Mitochondria and the Brain: Bioenergetics and Beyond
Belenguer, P., Duarte, J. M. N., Schuck, P. F., & Ferreira, G. C. (2019) · Neurotoxicity Research · doi:10.1007/s12640-019-00061-7 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationAstrocytic pyruvate carboxylation: Status after 35 years
Schousboe, A., Waagepetersen, H. S., & Sonnewald, U. (2019) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.24402 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Metabolic Flux and Compartmentation Analysis in the Brain In vivo
Lanz, B., Rolf Gruetter, A., & Duarte, J. M. N. (2013) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2013.00156 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationMishkovsky, M., Anderson, B., Karlsson, M. G., Lerche, M. H., Sherry, A. D., Rolf Gruetter, A., Kovács, Z. Z., & Comment, A. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-12086-z · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Sonnay, S., Poirot, J., Just, N., Clerc, A., Rolf Gruetter, A., Rainer, G., & Duarte, J. M. N. (2017) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23259 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citationIs there In Vivo Evidence for Amino Acid Shuttles Carrying Ammonia from Neurons to Astrocytes?
Rothman, D. L., Feyter, H. M. D., Maciejewski, P. K., & Behar, K. L. (2012) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-012-0898-7 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Sonnay, S., Duarte, J. M. N., Just, N., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2016) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1177/0271678x16629482 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationHigh-fat diet consumption alters energy metabolism in the mouse hypothalamus
Lizarbe, B., Cherix, A., Duarte, J. M. N., Cardinaux, J., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2018) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-018-0224-9 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationAmaral, A. I. (2012) · Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease · doi:10.1007/s10545-012-9553-3 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Shulman, R. G., Hyder, F., & Rothman, D. L. (2014) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2014.145 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Lanz, B., Xin, L., Millet, P., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2013) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.12479 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationGirault, F., Sonnay, S., Rolf Gruetter, A., & Duarte, J. M. N. (2017) · Neurotoxicity Research · doi:10.1007/s12640-017-9821-y · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citationAmaral, A. I. (2011) · Frontiers in Neuroenergetics · doi:10.3389/fnene.2011.00005 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
DiNuzzo, M., Giove, F., Maraviglia, B., & Mangia, S. (2016) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-016-2048-0 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Cudalbu, C., Lanz, B., Duarte, J. M. N., Morgenthaler, F. D., Pilloud, Y., Mlynárik, V., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2011) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2011.173 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationDuarte, J. M. N., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2012) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07688.x · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationTiwari, V., Veeraiah, P., Subramaniam, V., & Patel, A. B. (2013) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.12508 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Bagga, P., Behar, K. L., Mason, G. F., Feyter, H. M. D., Rothman, D. L., & Patel, A. B. (2014) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2014.129 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Duarte, J. M. N., Ferreira, S. G., Carvalho, R. A., Cunha, R. A., & Köfalvi, A. (2011) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2011.10.019 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationTsai, S., Chen, P., Calkins, M. J., Wu, S.-Y., & Kuo, Y. (2016) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2016.00057 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Lai, M., Lanz, B., Poitry‐Yamate, C., Romero, J. F., Berset, C., Cudalbu, C., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2017) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1177/0271678x17734101 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationGlutamate: Where does it come from and where does it go?
Olsen, G. M., & Sonnewald, U. (2014) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2014.11.006 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Adenosine A1 receptors control the metabolic recovery after hypoxia in rat hippocampal slices
Duarte, J. M. N., Cunha, R. A., & Carvalho, R. A. (2015) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.13512 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citationXin, L., Lanz, B., Lei, H., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2015) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2014.251 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationDuarte, J. M. N., Girault, F., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2014) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.23531 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationGlycogen metabolism is impaired in the brain of male type 2 diabetic Goto‐Kakizaki rats
Soares, A. F., Nissen, J. D., García-Serrano, A. M., Nussbaum, S. S., Waagepetersen, H. S., & Duarte, J. M. N. (2019) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.24437 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationPossible treatment of end-stage hyperammonemic encephalopathy by inhibition of glutamine synthetase
Cooper, A. J. L. (2012) · Metabolic Brain Disease · doi:10.1007/s11011-012-9338-2 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Modeling of Brain Metabolism and Pyruvate Compartmentation Using 13 C NMR in Vivo: Caution Required
Jeffrey, F. M. H., Marin‐Valencia, I., Good, L. B., Shestov, A. A., Henry, P., Pascual, J. M., & Malloy, C. R. (2013) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2013.67 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Sack, M., Wetterling, F., Sartorius, A., Ende, G., & Weber‐Fahr, W. (2014) · NMR in Biomedicine · doi:10.1002/nbm.3110 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Mechanistic model for human brain metabolism and its connection to the neurovascular coupling
Sundqvist, N., Sten, S., Thompson, P. E., Andersson, B. J., Engström, M., & Cedersund, G. (2022) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010798 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Lanz, B., Račkayová, V., Braissant, O., & Cudalbu, C. (2016) · Analytical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ab.2016.11.021 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationDienel, G. A. (2018) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-018-2611-y · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Hyperpolarized MRS: New tool to study real-time brain function and metabolism
Mishkovsky, M., & Comment, A. (2016) · Analytical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ab.2016.09.020 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Energy metabolism in the rat cortex under thiopental anaesthesia measuredIn Vivoby13C MRS
Sonnay, S., Duarte, J. M. N., Just, N., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2017) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.24032 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationMcNair, L. M., Mason, G. F., Chowdhury, G. M., Jiang, L., Ma, X., Rothman, D. L., Waagepetersen, H. S., & Behar, K. L. (2022) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1177/0271678x221074211 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
In Vivo 13C Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Assessing Brain Biochemistry in Health and Disease
Mandal, P. K., Roy, R. G., Samkaria, A., Maroon, J. C., & Arora, Y. (2022) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-022-03538-8 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Lanz, B., Duarte, J. M. N., Kunz, N., Mlynárik, V., Rolf Gruetter, A., & Cudalbu, C. (2012) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/mrm.24406 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationRefined Analysis of Brain Energy Metabolism Using In Vivo Dynamic Enrichment of 13 C Multiplets
Moghadam, M. D., Lanz, B., Duarte, J. M. N., Kunz, N., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2016) · ASN NEURO · doi:10.1177/1759091416632342 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationProgress towards in vivo brain 13C-MRS in mice: Metabolic flux analysis in small tissue volumes
Lai, M., Rolf Gruetter, A., & Lanz, B. (2017) · Analytical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ab.2017.01.019 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationEarly and Late Pathomechanisms in Alzheimer’s Disease: From Zinc to Amyloid-β Neurotoxicity
Szutowicz, A., Bielarczyk, H., Zyśk, M., Dyś, A., Ronowska, A., Gul‐Hinc, S., & Klimaszewska‐Łata, J. (2016) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-016-2154-z · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Dynamic 1H‐MRS for detection of 13C‐labeled glucose metabolism in the human brain at 3T
Dehghani, M., Zhang, S., Kumaragamage, C., Rosa‐Neto, P., & Near, J. (2020) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/mrm.28188 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Tiret, B., Shestov, A. A., Valette, J., & Henry, P. (2015) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-015-1748-1 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Rothman, D. L., & Dienel, G. A. (2019) · Advances in neurobiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-27480-1_14 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Dienel, G. A., Schousboe, A., McKenna, M. C., & Rothman, D. L. (2023) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.15812 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
A Two-Compartment Mathematical Model of Neuroglial Metabolism Using [1- 11 C] Acetate
Lanz, B., Uffmann, K., Wyss, M. T., Weber, B., Buck, A., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2011) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2011.162 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationLizarbe, B., Lei, H., Duarte, J. M. N., Lanz, B., Cherix, A., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2018) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/mrm.27129 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationCherix, A., Donati, G., Lizarbe, B., Lanz, B., Poitry‐Yamate, C., Lei, H., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2020) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1177/0271678x20910535 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationAlf, M., Duarte, J. M. N., Lei, H., Krämer, S. D., Mlynárik, V., Schibli, R., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2014) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.12667 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationLemos, C., Valério-Fernandes, Â., Ghisleni, G., Ferreira, S. G., Ledent, C. A., CEBALLOS, M. L. D., & Köfalvi, A. (2011) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2011.11.028 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Cerebral Glucose Transport and Homeostasis
Duarte, J. M. N., & Rolf Gruetter, A. (2011) · Advances in neurobiology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-1788-0_20 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationCherix, A., Sonti, R., Lanz, B., & Lei, H. (2021) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo11010050 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationSupplementary Material and Methods
Rosato, P. C., Anastasiadou, E., Garg, N., Lenze, D., Boccellato, F., Vincenti, S., Severa, M., Coccia, E. M., Bigi, R., Cirone, M., et al. (2012) · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Chowdhury, G. M. I., Behar, K. L., Mason, G. F., Rothman, D. L., & de Graaf, R. A. (2023) · NMR in Biomedicine · doi:10.1002/nbm.4957 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Duarte, J. M. N. (2025) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-024-04324-4 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationSiviglia, A., Nossa, G., Alves, B., Niess, F., Duguid, A., Starčuk, Z., Bogner, W., Strasser, B., Cudalbu, C., & Lanz, B. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2025.12.05.692506 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationBiphasic effect of nicotine on glutamatergic activity in male mouse brain
Biyani, P. P., Sarawagi, A., & Patel, A. B. (2025) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bph.70242 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Siviglia, A., Nossa, G., Alves, B., Niess, F., Duguid, A., Starčuk, Z., Bogner, W., Strasser, B., Cudalbu, C., & Lanz, B. (2026) · Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10334-026-01363-6 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationCompartmental Analysis of Metabolism by 13C Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Mason, G. F., Jiang, L., & Behar, K. L. (2014) · Neuromethods · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1059-5_13 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Editorial: “Transcellular Cycles Underlying Neurotransmission”
Cerdán, S., & Lizarbe, B. (2015) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2015.00018 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigations of Neurotransmitter Energetics in Brain
Patel, A. B., Saba, K., Varadarajan, K. S., & Mishra, P. K. (2014) · Journal of the Indian Institute of Science
Instrumentation Applied to Metabolomic Analysis
Jan, S., & Ahmad, P. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-814872-3.00005-9
Design Considerations for Implementing a Hyperpolarizer
Comment, A. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-55043-1_2
Drulis‐Fajdasz, D., Gostomska‐Pampuch, K., Pudełko‐Malik, N., Fleszar, M. G., Gizak, A., Wiśniewski, J. R., & Rakus, D. (2026) · PROTEOMICS · doi:10.1002/pmic.70130
Ramesh, A., Reddy, R., & Patel, A. B. (2026) · ACS Chemical Neuroscience · doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.6c00030
Extracellular vesicles in longEVity medicines
Ding, S., Lei, Q., & Chrzanowski, W. (2026) · Biomedical Materials Science · doi:10.1186/s44495-026-00006-1
Mohammad, S. I., Kareem, A. K., Rekha, M. M., Vasudevan, A., Jabir, M. S., Nayak, P. P., Abosaoda, M. K., Arora, V., Nanda, A., & Hsu, C. (2026) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2026.106264
Metabolic flux analysis of neural cell metabolism in primary cultures
Amaral, A. I. (2011) · Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)
- Authors
- Duarte, J. M. N., Lanz, B., & Gruetter, R.
- Affiliations
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Duarte, João M. N.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Neuroenergetics
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2011
- Volume
- 3
- Pages
- 3-3
- ISSN
- 1662-6427 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3112327
- OpenAlex
- W1991678855
- Cited by
- 82
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 9.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Neuroenergetics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- IRIS (submittedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (131087)
- Université de Genève
- Université de Lausanne
- Centre d'Imagerie BioMédicale
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- brain metabolism, glial metabolism, neuronal metabolism, metabolic flux, TCA cycle, pyruvate carboxylation, anaplerosis, oxidative metabolism, neurotransmission
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
