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Cited by 28Obstructive Sleep Apnea ResearchPituitary Gland Disorders and TreatmentsSleep and related disorders

Sleep Disorders in Patients With Craniopharyngioma: A Physiopathological and Practical Update

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Romigi, Andrea, Feola, Tiziana, Cappellano, Simone, De Angelis, Michelangelo, Pio, Giacomo, Caccamo, Marco, Testa, Federica, Vitrani, Giuseppe +4 more·2022·Frontiers in Neurology
DOI 10.3389/fneur.2021.817257PMC PMC8863754
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Abstract

Sleep disorders (SDs) represent an important issue in patients with craniopharyngioma (CP). Nearly 70% of these patients complain of sleep-wake cycle alterations and/or excessive diurnal somnolence due to sleep-related breathing disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and/or central hypersomnia, including secondary narcolepsy. SDs may severely reduce quality of life, increase disease-related cardiorespiratory and cardiovascular morbidity, and finally play a major role in increased long-term mortality reported on patients with CP. A major risk factor for SDs is represented by the hypothalamic syndrome, which may develop because of direct hypothalamic damage by the tumor itself and/or complications of the treatments, neurosurgery and/or radiotherapy, and typically includes permanent neuroendocrine dysfunctions, morbid obesity, and secondary metabolic disorders. Despite increasing attention to SDs in the general population, and in particular to OSA as a risk factor for cardio-metabolic diseases and excessive daytime somnolence, sleep evaluation is still not routinely proposed to patients with CP. Hence, SDs are often underdiagnosed and undertreated. The aim of this paper is to update current knowledge of the pathogenesis and prevalence of SDs in patients with CP and propose practical algorithms for their evaluation and management in clinical practice. Particular attention is paid to screening and diagnostic tools for appropriate characterization of SDs, identification of risk factors, and potential role of hypothalamic sparing surgery in the prevention of morbid obesity and SDs. Available tools in sleep medicine, including lifestyle interventions, drugs, and respiratory devices, are discussed, as well as the importance of optimal hormone replacement and metabolic interventions. Current limits in the diagnosis and treatment of SDs in patients with CP and possible future avenues for research agenda are also considered.

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  • Fatigue in individuals with hypothalamic syndrome could potentially be related to disordered signaling from GABAergic neurons in the suprachiasmatic, ventrolateral, and preoptic nuclei.

    “Commonly reported fatigue (72, 73) could potentially be related to disordered signaling from γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic neurons in the suprachiasmatic, ventrolateral, and preoptic nuclei (74, 75).”

    From Approach to the patient with acquired hypothalamic syndrome (2026) · cites this paper as [72]

    The Classification and Pathogenesis section links damage to the suprachiasmatic nucleus and preoptic areas with disrupted sleep–wake regulation and daytime somnolence. It describes melatonin and orexin pathways, however, not disordered GABAergic signaling as a potential cause of fatigue. (LLM, conf=0.78)

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References 127 · Cited by 28

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Authors
Romigi, A., Feola, T., Cappellano, S., De Angelis, M., Pio, G., Caccamo, M., Testa, F., Vitrani, G., Centonze, D., Colonnese, C., Esposito, V., & Jaffrain-Rea, M.-L.
Affiliations
Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (IT)
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Neurology
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2022-02-09
Volume
12
Pages
817257-817257
ISSN
1664-2295 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fneur.2021.817257
PMC
PMC8863754
OpenAlex
W4210993689
Cited by
28
References
127
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2
FWCI
0.76
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Frontiers in Neurology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi dell Aquila (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Cineca Institutional Research Information System (Tor Vergata University) (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
Ministero della Salute
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Keywords
craniopharyngioma, sleep disorders, obstructive sleep apnea, central hypersomnia, hypothalamic syndrome, morbid obesity, neuroendocrine dysfunction, excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep screening, hormone replacement therapy, metabolic intervention

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