Hypocretin (orexin) deficiency in human narcolepsy
Open accessAbstract
Alterations in the hypocretin receptor 2 and preprohypocretin genes produce narcolepsy in animal models. Hypocretin was undetectable in seven out of nine people with narcolepsy, indicating abnormal hypocretin transmission.
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Without orexin or with altered orexin receptors, humans and animals experience narcolepsy.
“Without orexin or with altered orexin receptors, humans and animals experience narcolepsy,34–39”
From Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury on the Orexin/Hypocretin System (2025) · cites this paper as [37]
Orexin neurons are both necessary and sufficient for wakefulness.
“Orexin neurons are both necessary and sufficient for wakefulness.”
From Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury on the Orexin/Hypocretin System (2025) · cites this paper as [37]
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- Authors
- Nishino, S., Ripley, B., Overeem, S., Lammers, G. J., & Mignot, E.
- Affiliations
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Leiden University Medical Center (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Nishino, Seiji
- Venue
- The Lancet
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-01
- Volume
- 355
- Issue
- 9197
- Pages
- 39-40
- ISSN
- 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
- 0140-6736
- OpenAlex
- W2049088920
- Cited by
- 1,776
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 34 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 48 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 78 · 2017: 62 · 2016: 80 · 2015: 66 · 2014: 83 · 2013: 79 · 2012: 87
- FWCI
- 53.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- The Lancet (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1r01hl059601-01)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL59601)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS237724, NS 33797)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- orexin, narcolepsy, hypocretin receptor 2, hypocretin deficiency
- MeSH terms
- Orexins, Adult, Aged, Animals, Carrier Proteins, Dogs, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Narcolepsy, Neuropeptides, Mice, Knockout, Neurotransmitter Agents, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Mice
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