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Therapeutic Alliance and Outcome of Psychotherapy: Historical Excursus, Measurements, and Prospects for Research

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Ardito, Rita B., Rabellino, Daniela·2011·Frontiers in Psychology

DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00270PMC PMC3198542

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Abstract

This paper proposes a historical excursus of studies that have investigated the therapeutic alliance and the relationship between this dimension and outcome in psychotherapy. A summary of how the concept of alliance has evolved over time and the more popular alliance measures used in literature to assess the level of alliance are presented. The proposal of a therapeutic alliance characterized by a variable pattern over the course of treatment is also examined. The emerging picture suggests that the quality of the client-therapist alliance is a reliable predictor of positive clinical outcome independent of the variety of psychotherapy approaches and outcome measures. In our opinion, with regard to the relationship between the therapeutic alliance and outcome of psychotherapy, future research should pay special attention to the comparison between patients' and therapists' assessments of the therapeutic alliance. This topic, along with a detailed examination of the relationship between the psychological disorder being treated and the therapeutic alliance, will be the subject of future research projects.

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Authors: Ardito, R. B., & Rabellino, D.
Affiliations: University of Turin (IT)
Corresponding author: Ardito, Rita B.
ORCID: Ardito, Rita B.
Rabellino, Daniela
Venue: Frontiers in Psychology
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Published: 2011
Volume: 2
Pages: 270-270
ISSN: 1664-1078 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00270
PMC: PMC3198542
OpenAlex: W2007748712
Cited by: 647
References: 98
Citations by year: 2026: 46 · 2025: 67 · 2024: 85 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 108 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
FWCI: 6.56
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
Locations: Frontiers in Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: Università degli Studi di Torino
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Counseling Practices and Supervision
Keywords: therapeutic relationship, psychotherapy outcome

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Therapeutic Alliance and Outcome of Psychotherapy: Historical Excursus, Measurements, and Prospects for Research

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