Perceived Stress in a Gender Perspective: A Survey in a Population of Unemployed Subjects of Southern Italy
Open accessAbstract
Stressful life events, are differently handled by women and men. This study evaluates gender differences in perceived stress and health status among a sample of subjects going through a transition period from unemployment to work. This cross-sectional study enrolled 395 participants, 245 men (62%) and 150 (38%) women, between 19 and 67 years, that were going to be hired for a 6-month contract. Before being employed, all participants underwent a mandatory protocol consisting in a general medical check. Stress assessment was performed by using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Most of the participants (68%) showed normal to low perceived stress level. But dividing the sample by gender, out of the remaining 32% with medium to high stress level, 11% male subjects and 22.7% females reported high perceived stress values. We found mean PSS values that are overlapping with those in the general population of developed countries. This study does not suggest an association between perceived stress and health or social parameters. However, our results highlight that the female gender is associated with higher stress level, pointing out the relevance of specific and designed interventions in the context of health promotion programs, especially in order to mitigate stress in more susceptible subjects.
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It is expected that women will develop stress-related health problems over time.
“Therefore, even if this population is young, it is expected that women will develop stress-related health problems over time [34].”
From Gender Differences in Psychological Stress Factors of Physical Therapy Degree Students in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study (2022) · cites this paper as [34]
The Abstract reports higher perceived stress among women, and the Introduction says prolonged high stress can contribute to health problems. But this cross-sectional study does not predict that the women studied will develop stress-related health problems over time; its Abstract says it found no association between perceived stress and health parameters. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe gender differences in perceived stress observed among female physical therapy students converge with those previously described in general population samples, university students, and health science students.
“Although these gender differences could be related with the effect of the pandemic, they converge with those previously described in the general population samples [34], university students [35], and, more specifically, health science students [36].”
From Gender Differences in Psychological Stress Factors of Physical Therapy Degree Students in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study (2022) · cites this paper as [34]
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- Authors
- Costa, C., Briguglio, G., Mondello, S., Teodoro, M., Pollicino, M., Canalella, A., Verduci, F., Italia, S., & Fenga, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Messina (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Italia, Sebastiano
- Venue
- Frontiers in Public Health
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2021-04-01
- Volume
- 9
- Pages
- 640454-640454
- ISSN
- 2296-2565 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8046934
- OpenAlex
- W3142755290
- Cited by
- 108
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 2
- FWCI
- 18.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Employment and Welfare Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Health and Well-being Studies
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Workplace Health and Well-being
- Keywords
- perceived stress, gender differences, unemployment, return to work, life events, health status, Perceived Stress Scale, health promotion, Southern Italy
- MeSH terms
- Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Italy, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Stress, Psychological, Unemployment
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