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Cited by 15Microbial infections and disease researchAnimal health and immunologyUltrasound in Clinical Applications

Lung Ultrasonography and Clinical Follow-Up Evaluations in Fattening Bulls Affected by Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) during the Restocking Period and after Tulathromycin and Ketoprofen Treatment

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Fiore, Enrico, Lisuzzo, Anastasia, Beltrame, Andrea, Contiero, Barbara, Gianesella, Matteo, Schiavon, Eliana, Tessari, Rossella, Morgante, Massimo +1 more·2022·Animals
DOI 10.3390/ani12080994PMC PMC9032330
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Abstract

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a global infectious disease, causing decreased well-being and economic losses in livestock, frequently during the restocking period. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of thoracic ultrasonography (TUS) to assess BRD in restocked animals, and the effectiveness of tulathromycin and ketoprofen treatment in sick animals. A total of 60 Limousin fattening bulls were enrolled. On the day of restocking (T0), the animals were divided into two groups based on TUS assessment of six lung areas: group C (ultrasonography score (US score) < 3) and group D (US score ≥ 3). Group D received a single administration of tulathromycin and ketoprofen at T0: this group was revaluated after 1.5, 3, 7, and 14 days. Both groups were revaluated after 21 days. The two groups showed a significant difference both in US score and clinical symptoms (respiratory score, nasal and ocular discharges, and rectal temperature) at T0. In group D, the treatment was effective in improving the clinical symptoms and US score, particularly reducing the severity of lung lesions. TUS represents a non-invasive and cost-effective tool for BRD early diagnosis and for monitoring treatment efficacy in restocked livestock.

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  • NSAIDs are used to alleviate signs of BRD, with some studies indicating they diminish inflammation and fever.

    “Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are also used to alleviate signs of BRD, with some studies indicating they diminish inflammation and fever [50,51].”

    From Strategies for Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) Diagnosis and Prognosis: A Comprehensive Overview (2024) · cites this paper as [51]

    Methods §2.3 identifies ketoprofen as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug given to bulls with BRD. Discussion §4.2 and the Conclusions report reduced rectal temperature and improved lung findings after treatment, consistent with relief of fever and inflammation. But ketoprofen was given with tulathromycin, which the paper also describes as anti-inflammatory; the study does not establish that the NSAID independently caused those improvements. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • During the treatment of BRD in calves, the progression of ultrasound lung scores is useful for monitoring the recovery of lung tissue.

    “During the treatment of BRD in calves, the progression of ultrasound lung scores is useful for monitoring the recovery of lung tissue [51].”

    From Strategies for Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) Diagnosis and Prognosis: A Comprehensive Overview (2024) · cites this paper as [51]

  • The impact of NSAIDs on mortality rates is not well-established.

    “Nonetheless, their impact on mortality rates is not well-established [51].”

    From Strategies for Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) Diagnosis and Prognosis: A Comprehensive Overview (2024) · cites this paper as [51]

    The Introduction mentions mortality as a cost of bovine respiratory disease, but does not discuss whether NSAIDs affect mortality. The Results (section 3.2) and Discussion (section 4.2) report outcomes after tulathromycin and ketoprofen treatment, including clinical signs and lung findings, but not mortality rates. Searches for NSAIDs, ketoprofen, and mortality found no passage addressing the claimed uncertainty. (LLM, conf=0.76)

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Authors
Fiore, E., Lisuzzo, A., Beltrame, A., Contiero, B., Gianesella, M., Schiavon, E., Tessari, R., Morgante, M., & Mazzotta, E.
Affiliations
  • University of Padua (IT)
  • Independent Researcher, 1016 Isola Rizza, Italy
  • Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IT)
Corresponding author
Fiore, Enrico
ORCID
Venue
Animals
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2022-04-12
Volume
12
Issue
8
Pages
994
ISSN
2076-2615 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/ani12080994
PMC
PMC9032330
OpenAlex
W4223498663
Cited by
15
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3
FWCI
2.03
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Animals (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Microbial infections and disease research
  • Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal health and immunology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Ultrasound in Clinical Applications
Keywords
bovine respiratory disease, thoracic ultrasound, tulathromycin, ketoprofen, fattening bulls, Limousin cattle, lung lesions, treatment efficacy, early diagnosis, non-invasive diagnosis

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