The Immunology of Bovine Respiratory Disease
Open accessAbstract
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) remains a leading cause of morbidity, mortality, and economic loss to the cattle industry. The continued high prevalence of the disease underlines a gap in understanding of the host immune response to respiratory infection. The host immune response is beneficial and detrimental, required for clearing the disease but often leading to tissue damage and long-term defects in lung function. This article highlights advancements made in understanding innate and adaptive immunity in BRD, factors that predispose animals to BRD, and novel intervention strategies that may lead to changes in the approach to treating and controlling BRD.
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BRD arises from a combination of environmental factors, host health status, and microbial interactions.
“Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) is a complex condition that arises from a combination of environmental factors, the health status of the host, and microbial interactions [1,2,3].”
From Strategies for Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) Diagnosis and Prognosis: A Comprehensive Overview (2024) · cites this paper as [3]
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- Authors
- McGill, J. L., & Sacco, R. E.
- Affiliations
- Iowa State University (US)
- Agricultural Research Service (US)
- Corresponding author
- McGill, Jodi L.
- Venue
- Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-07
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 333-348
- ISSN
- 0749-0720 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7170797
- OpenAlex
- W3017660990
- Cited by
- 113
- References
- 93
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Veterinary Clinics of North America Food Animal Practice (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Agriculture
- National Institute of Food and Agriculture
- Agricultural Research Service (5030-32000-117-00D, 5030-32000-116-00D)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Microbial infections and disease research
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal health and immunology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Keywords
- bovine respiratory disease, host immune response, innate immunity, adaptive immunity, respiratory infections, cattle, disease susceptibility, lung injury
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cattle, Immunity, Innate, Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex, Adaptive Immunity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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