The DOI matches its Crossref record; 140 of the 140 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
p-Coumaric Acid as An Active Ingredient in Cosmetics: A Review Focusing on its Antimelanogenic Effects
Open accessAbstract
Controlling unwanted hyperpigmentation is a major challenge in dermatology and cosmetology, and safe and efficacious antimelanogenic agents are deemed useful for this purpose. p-Coumaric acid is a natural metabolite contained in many edible plants, and its antioxidant activities in reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions have been demonstrated in various experimental models. p-Coumaric acid has the optimal structure to be a competitive inhibitor of tyrosinase that catalyzes key reactions in the melanin biosynthetic pathway. Experimental evidence supports this notion as it was found to be a more potent inhibitor of tyrosinase, especially toward human enzymes, than other well-known tyrosinase inhibitors such as arbutin and kojic acid. p-Coumaric acid inhibited melanin synthesis in murine melanoma cells, human epidermal melanocytes, and reconstituted three-dimensional human skin models. Ex-vivo skin permeation experiments and in-vivo efficacy tests for p-coumaric acid confirmed its efficient transdermal delivery and functional efficacy in reducing erythema development and skin pigmentation due to ultraviolet radiation exposure. Human studies further supported its effectiveness in hypopigmentation and depigmentation. These findings suggest that p-coumaric acid has good potential to be used as a skin-lightening active ingredient in cosmetics. Future studies are needed to extensively examine its safety and efficacy and to develop an optimized cosmetic formulation for the best performance in skin lightening.
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Cites
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Cited by
Rudrapal, M., Rakshit, G., Singh, R. P., Garse, S., Khan, J., & Chakraborty, S. (2024) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox13040429 · Cited by 259
Arbutin as a Skin Depigmenting Agent with Antimelanogenic and Antioxidant Properties
Boo, Y. C. (2021) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox10071129 · Cited by 241
Self-citationBoo, Y. C. (2019) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox8090332 · Cited by 119
Self-citationProfiling of Tyrosinase Inhibitors in Mango Leaves for a Sustainable Agro-Industry
Shi, F., Xie, L., Lin, Q., Tong, C., Fu, Q., Xu, J., Xiao, J., & Shi, S. (2020) · Food Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.126042 · Cited by 47
Approaches for the Enzymatic Synthesis of Alkyl Hydroxycinnamates and Applications Thereof
Grajales-Hernández, D. A., Armendáriz-Ruiz, M. A., Gallego, F. L., & Mateos-Díaz, J. C. (2021) · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s00253-021-11285-z · Cited by 13
Metadata
- Authors
- Boo, Y. C.
- Venue
- Antioxidants
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2019-08-04
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 275
- ISSN
- 2076-3921 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2965560392
- Cited by
- 267
- References
- 140
- FWCI
- 11.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
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