Structure-antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoids and phenolic acids
Abstract
The recent explosion of interest in the bioactivity of the flavonoids of higher plants is due, at least in part, to the potential health benefits of these polyphenolic components of major dietary constituents. This review article discusses the biological properties of the flavonoids and focuses on the relationship between their antioxidant activity, as hydrogen donating free radical scavengers, and their chemical structures. This culminates in a proposed hierarchy of antioxidant activity in the aqueous phase. The cumulative findings concerning structure-antioxidant activity relationships in the lipophilic phase derive from studies on fatty acids, liposomes, and low-density lipoproteins; the factors underlying the influence of the different classes of polyphenols in enhancing their resistance to oxidation are discussed and support the contention that the partition coefficients of the flavonoids as well as their rates of reaction with the relevant radicals define the antioxidant activities in the lipophilic phase.
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Ferulic acid is a potent phenolic antioxidant found ubiquitously and at high concentrations in plants.
“Ferulic acid is a potent phenolic antioxidant found ubiquitously and at high concentrations in plants (Graf, 1992;Rice-Evans et al, 1996;Ou and Kwok, 2004).”
From Ferulic Acid Stabilizes a Solution of Vitamins C and E and Doubles its Photoprotection of Skin (2005) · cites this paper as Rice-Evans et al, 1996
Antioxidant activity of flavonoids depends on the availability of the donation of phenolic hydrogens.
“The antioxidant activity of flavonoids depends on the availability of the donation of phenolic hydrogens (Rice-Evans et al. 1996).”
From Reactive Oxygen Species, Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Chronic Diseases and Aging (2023) · cites this paper as Rice-Evans et al. 1996
Polyphenols can chelate transition metal cations (e.g., Cu2+ and Fe2+), thus preventing Haber-Weiss and Fenton reactions and inhibiting the activity of many enzymes involved in free radical generation.
“Polyphenols can also chelate transition metal cations (e.g., Cu2+ and Fe2+), thus preventing Haber–Weiss and Fenton reactions (which lead to the generation of the extremely reactive hydroxyl radical •OH) and also inhibiting the activity of many enzymes involved in free radical generation (e.g., xanthine oxidase, protein kinase and lipoxygenase).”
From Bioactive Compounds for Skin Health: A Review (2021) · cites this paper as [194]
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Self-citationFactors Influencing the Antioxidant Activity Determined by the ABTS•+Radical Cation Assay
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Rice-Evans, C. A., Miller, N. J., & Paganga, G.
- Affiliations
- Guy's Hospital (GB)
- Venue
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1996
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 933-956
- ISSN
- 0891-5849 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2086959952
- Cited by
- 9,085
- References
- 122
- Citations by year
- 2026: 269 · 2025: 200 · 2024: 215 · 2023: 301 · 2022: 340 · 2021: 379 · 2020: 371 · 2019: 409 · 2018: 402 · 2017: 380 · 2016: 385 · 2015: 441 · 2014: 496 · 2013: 514 · 2012: 515
- FWCI
- 48.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (1996-01-01)
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Free Radicals and Antioxidants
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Keywords
- flavonoids, phenolic acids, antioxidant activity, structure-activity relationship, hydrogen atom transfer, free radical scavenging, polyphenols, partition coefficient, aqueous phase, fatty acids, liposomes, low-density lipoprotein, oxidation resistance
- MeSH terms
- Diet, Flavonoids, Spectrophotometry, Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet, Structure-Activity Relationship, Molecular Structure, Free Radical Scavengers, Hydroxybenzoates
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