The DOI matches its Crossref record; 55 of the 56 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Probiotics-Loaded Microspheres for Cosmetic Applications
Open accessAbstract
Probiotic bacteria confer health benefits to their host, support the intestinal microbiome and fight antibiotic resistance. Probiotic products are used in the food and pharmaceutical industries and, in recent years, have become increasingly popular in the cosmetic industry. However, in the case of cosmetics, it is difficult to meet microbiological requirements while maintaining viable cells. The aim of this research study was to develop an effective way of introducing live bacteria (a strain of L. casei) into cosmetic formulations. A method of encapsulation of the bacteria was used to increase their viability. As part of the results, the effective carriers for the strain of L. casei are reported. Alginate microspheres were prepared for the systems to protect the microorganisms against external factors, such as temperature, UV light and preservatives. The obtained probiotic-loaded alginate microspheres were then used as the active ingredient of cosmetic formulations. Additionally, a preservative system was carefully selected to ensure the microorganisms’ viability and the microbiological stability of the products. The obtained results showed a significant improvement in the survival of the microencapsulated probiotic strain in the cosmetic formulations containing antimicrobial agents (6.13 log CFU/g after 120 days of storage) compared with the formulation containing the non-immobilised probiotic strain, where complete elimination of bacterial cells was observed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Hill (2014) · doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2014.66 · Cited by 9,592
Probiotics and their fermented food products are beneficial for health
Parvez, S., Malik, K. A., Ah Kang, S., & Kim, H.-Y. (2006) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02963.x · Cited by 1,435
Probiotic bacteria: safety, functional and technological properties
Saarela, M., Mogensen, G., Fondén, R., Mättö, J., & Mattila-Sandholm, T. (2000) · Journal of Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/s0168-1656(00)00375-8 · Cited by 1,202
Perspectives on the use of organic acids and short chain fatty acids as antimicrobials
Ricke, S. C. (2003) · Poultry Science · doi:10.1093/ps/82.4.632 · Cited by 1,032
Anal, A. K., & Singh, H. (2007) · Trends in Food Science & Technology · doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2007.01.004 · Cited by 1,017
Safety assessment of probiotics for human use
Sanders, M. E., Akkermans, L. M. A., Haller, D., Hammerman, C., Heimbach, J. T., Hörmannsperger, G., & Huys, G. (2010) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.4161/gmic.1.3.12127 · Cited by 816
Martău, G. A., Mihai, M., & Vodnar, D. C. (2019) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym11111837 · Cited by 684
Preservation of micro-organisms by drying; A review
Morgan, C. A., Herman, N. O., White, P. A., & Vesey, G. (2006) · Journal of Microbiological Methods · doi:10.1016/j.mimet.2006.02.017 · Cited by 677
Alginate-based composites for environmental applications: a critical review
Wang, B., Wan, Y., Zheng, Y., Lee, X., Liu, T., Yu, Z., Huang, J. G., Ok, Y. S., Chen, J., & Gao, B. (2018) · Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/10643389.2018.1547621 · Cited by 523
Alginate: From Food Industry to Biomedical Applications and Management of Metabolic Disorders
Gheorghita, R. E., Lobiuc, A., Dimian, M., & Covașă, M. (2020) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym12102417 · Cited by 492
Cosmetics preservation: a review on present strategies
Halla, N., Fernandes, I. P., Heleno, S. A., Costa, P., Boucherit-Otmani, Z., Boucherit, K., Rodrigues, A. E., Ferreira, I. C. F. R., & Barreiro, M. F. (2018) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules23071571 · Cited by 401
Anhydrobiotics: The challenges of drying probiotic cultures
Meng, X. C., Stanton, C., Fitzgerald, G. F., Daly, C., & Ross, R. P. (2007) · Food Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.04.076 · Cited by 326
Montassier, E., Valdés-Mas, R., Batard, E., Zmora, N., Dori-Bachash, M., Suez, J., & Elinav, E. (2021) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-021-00920-0 · Cited by 256
Ortega, E., Fernández-Fuentes, M. A., Burgos, M. J. G., Abriouel, H., Pulido, R. P., & Gálvez, A. (2013) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.12.028 · Cited by 255
Insights into Pseudomonas putida KT2440 response to phenol‐induced stress by quantitative proteomics
Santos, P. M., Benndorf, D., & Sá‐Correia, I. (2004) · PROTEOMICS · doi:10.1002/pmic.200300793 · Cited by 225
Kim, S. J., Cho, S. Y., Kim, S. H., Song, O.-J., Shin, I. S., Cha, D., & Park, H. J. (2007) · LWT · doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2007.03.025 · Cited by 224
Rizzardini, G., Eskesen, D., Calder, P. C., Capetti, A., Jespersen, L., & Clerici, M. (2012) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s000711451100420x · Cited by 217
Dhamecha, D. L., Movsas, R., Sano, U., & Menon, J. U. (2019) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118627 · Cited by 207
Designing polymeric microparticles for biomedical and industrial applications
Campos, E. J., Branquinho, J., Carreira, A. S., Carvalho, A., Coimbra, P., Ferreira, P. C. N., & Gil, M. H. (2013) · European Polymer Journal · doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.04.033 · Cited by 197
Alginate Nanoformulation: Influence of Process and Selected Variables
Choukaife, H., Doolaanea, A. A., & Alfatama, M. (2020) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph13110335 · Cited by 170
Łętocha, A., Miastkowska, M. A., & Sikora, E. S. (2022) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym14183834 · Cited by 168
Self-citationPolymeric carriers for enhanced delivery of probiotics
Asgari, S., Pourjavadi, A., Licht, T. R., Boisen, A., & Ajalloueian, F. (2020) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2020.07.014 · Cited by 164
Lee, D.-E., Huh, C., Ra, J., Choi, I.-D., Jeong, J.-W., Kim, S. H., Ryu, J. H., Seo, Y. K., Koh, J. S., Lee, J., et al. (2015) · Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.4014/jmb.1509.09021 · Cited by 163
A sustainable life cycle for cosmetics: from design and development to post-use phase
Martins, A. M., & Marto, J. M. (2023) · Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy · doi:10.1016/j.scp.2023.101178 · Cited by 160
Haft, R. J. F., Keating, D. H., Schwaegler, T., Schwalbach, M. S., Vinokur, J. M., Tremaine, M. T., Peters, J. M., Kotlajich, M. V., Pohlmann, E. L., Ong, I. M., et al. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1401853111 · Cited by 160
Antibacterial activity of phenolic compounds and aromatic alcohols
Lucchini, J. J., Corre, J., & Crémieux, A. (1990) · Research in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/0923-2508(90)90075-2 · Cited by 156
Formaldehyde Stress Responses in Bacterial Pathogens
Chen, N. H., Djoko, K. Y., Veyrier, F. J., & McEwan, A. G. (2016) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.00257 · Cited by 146
Technology and potential applications of probiotic encapsulation in fermented milk products
Iravani, S., Korbekandi, H., & Mirmohammadi, S. V. (2014) · Journal of Food Science and Technology · doi:10.1007/s13197-014-1516-2 · Cited by 143
Mohammedsaeed, W. M., Cruickshank, S. M., McBain, A. J., & O’Neill, C. A. (2015) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep16147 · Cited by 129
Antibiotic resistance in the commensal human gut microbiota
Lamberte, L. E., & van Schaik, W. (2022) · Current Opinion in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.mib.2022.102150 · Cited by 120
Oberoi, K., Tolun, A., Altıntaş, Z., & Sharma, S. (2021) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods10091999 · Cited by 106
Lactic Acid Bacteria: Microbiological and Functional Aspects
(2019) · doi:10.1201/9780429057465 · Cited by 101
Jung, Y.-O., Jeong, H., Cho, Y., Lee, E., Jang, H.-W., Kim, J., Nam, K. T., & Lim, K. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20174289 · Cited by 96
Encapsulation of Autoinducer Sensing Reporter Bacteria in Reinforced Alginate-Based Microbeads
Li, P., Müller, M., Chang, M. W., Frettlöh, M., & Schönherr, H. (2017) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.7b07166 · Cited by 95
Revealing the secret life of skin ‐ with the microbiome you never walk alone
Sfriso, R., Egert, M., Gempeler, M., Voegeli, R., & Campiche, R. (2019) · International Journal of Cosmetic Science · doi:10.1111/ics.12594 · Cited by 92
Sohail, A., Turner, M. S., Coombes, A. G. A., & Bhandari, B. (2012) · Food and Bioprocess Technology · doi:10.1007/s11947-012-0938-y · Cited by 83
Abbaszadeh, S., Gandomi, H., Misaghi, A., Bokaei, S., & Noori, N. (2013) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.6541 · Cited by 82
Microencapsulation Delivery System in Food Industry—Challenge and the Way Forward
Yang, M., Liang, Z., Wang, L., Qi, M., Luo, Z., & Li, L. (2020) · Advances in Polymer Technology · doi:10.1155/2020/7531810 · Cited by 80
Haghshenas, B., Abdullah, N., Nami, Y., Biak, D. R. A., Rosli, R., & Khosroushahi, A. Y. (2015) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1111/jam.12762 · Cited by 77
The impacts of probiotics in eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori
Bai, X., Zhu, M., He, Y., Wang, T., Tian, D., & Shu, J.-C. (2022) · Archives of Microbiology · doi:10.1007/s00203-022-03314-w · Cited by 63
(2003) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-30042-9 · Cited by 61
Walsh, S. E., & Denyer, S. P. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118425831 · Cited by 60
Kim, J. U., Kim, B., Shahbaz, H. M., Lee, S. H., Park, D., & Park, J. (2016) · International Journal of Food Science & Technology · doi:10.1111/ijfs.13308 · Cited by 56
Lasta, E. L., Ronning, E. D. S. P., Dekker, R. F. H., & da Cunha, M. A. A. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-00077-0 · Cited by 49
Efficiency of Nisin as Preservative in Cosmetics and Topical Products
Maurício, E. M., Rosado, C., Duarte, M. P., Verissimo, J., Bom, S., & Vasconcelos, L. (2017) · Cosmetics · doi:10.3390/cosmetics4040041 · Cited by 39
Butorac, K., Novak, J., Bellich, B., Terán, L. C., Banić, M., Pavunc, A. L., Zjalić, S., Cescutti, P., Šušković, J., & Kos, B. (2021) · Microbial Cell Factories · doi:10.1186/s12934-021-01575-6 · Cited by 37
(2006) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.3109/9781420003321 · Cited by 30
Khorramvatan, S., Marzban, R., Ardjmand, M., Safekordi, A., & Askary, H. (2013) · Biocontrol Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/09583157.2013.871503 · Cited by 28
Miastkowska, M. A., Kulawik‐Pióro, A., Lasoń, E., Śliwa, K., Malinowska, M. A., Sikora, E. S., Kantyka, T., Bielecka, E., Maksylewicz, A., Klimaszewska, E., et al. (2023) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics15112559 · Cited by 26
Self-citationArenales, I., Lobato‐Calleros, C., Vernon‐Carter, E. J., Hernández‐Rodríguez, L., & Alvarez-Ramirez, J. (2019) · LWT · doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2019.05.118 · Cited by 23
Active Biopolymeric Films Inoculated with Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, a Predatory Bacterium
Sáenz-Santos, C. M., Oyedara, O. O., García‐Tejeda, Y. V., Romero-Bastida, C. A., García-Oropesa, E. M., Villalobo, E., & Rodríguez-Pérez, M. A. (2021) · Coatings · doi:10.3390/coatings11050605 · Cited by 17
Ingredients from Climate Resilient Crops to Enhance the Nutritional Quality of Gluten-Free Bread
Roozen, M., & Serventi, L. (2022) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods11111628 · Cited by 15
Biological control of soft rot in potato by κ-carrageenan carriers encapsulated microbial predators
Sason, G., Jurkevitch, É., & NUSSINOVITCH, A. (2022) · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s00253-022-12294-2 · Cited by 11
Effect of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the abundance and respiration rates of probiotic bacteria
Garrido-Pereira, M. A., Braga, A. L. F., da Rocha, A. F., Sampaio, L. A., & Abreu, P. C. (2011) · Aquaculture Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2011.03029.x · Cited by 9
Preservative Sensitization—Safety With and Safety Without
Hughes, O. B., Maderal, A. D., & Tosti, A. (2016) · Current Treatment Options in Allergy · doi:10.1007/s40521-016-0102-4 · Cited by 7
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- Łętocha, A., and Sikora, E. (2021, January 19–21). Pre- and Probiotics as Raw Materials for Cosmetic Products. Proceedings of the EYEC Monograph: 9th European Young Engineers Conference, Online.
- Michalczyk, 2023, Design of Alginate Microspheres Formulation as a Probiotics Carrier, Chem. Process Eng. New Front., 44, 20
- Gomathi, 2017, Size Optimization And Thermal Studies on Calcium Alginate Nanoparticles, IOSR J. Pharm., 48, 1
- Bastien, 2010, Bifidobacterium Longum Lysate, a New Ingredient for Reactive Skin, Exp. Dermatol., 19, e1
- Sifour, 2016, Lactobacillus plantarum G1 Microencapsulation Enhanced Its Viability during Storage and Gastrointestinal Transit, Sains Malays., 45, 1049
- Salvador, A., and Chisvert, A. (2018). Analysis of Cosmetic Products, Elsevier B.V.. [2nd ed.].
- Dwivedi, 2017, A Review on Food Preservation: Methods, Harmful Effects and Better Alternatives, Asian J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 3, 193
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Current Approaches in Cosmeceuticals: Peptides, Biotics and Marine Biopolymers
Badıllı, U., & Inal, Ö. (2025) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym17060798 · Cited by 28
Starch-based encapsulation to enhance probiotic viability in simulated digestion conditions
Shoukat, L., Javed, S., Afzaal, M., Akhter, N., & Shah, Y. A. (2024) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.137606 · Cited by 26
Microspheres: Preparation Methods, Advances, Applications, and Challenges in Drug Delivery
Bhalala, K., Jadeja, D., & Dudhat, K. R. (2025) · Biomedical Materials & Devices · doi:10.1007/s44174-025-00281-w · Cited by 25
Starch functionality in cosmetics and personal care products
Biyimba, B. N., Ekaette, I., & Cobbinah‐Sam, E. (2025) · Carbohydrate Polymers · doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123597 · Cited by 15
Łętocha, A., Michalczyk, A. K., Bielecka, E., Kantyka, T., Miastkowska, M. A., & Sikora, E. S. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-16273-1 · Cited by 14
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Łętocha, A., Michalczyk, A., Ostrowska, P., Miastkowska, M., & Sikora, E.
- Affiliations
- Cracow University of Technology (PL)
- Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry (PL)
- Corresponding author
- Łętocha, Anna
- Sikora, Elżbieta
- Venue
- Applied Sciences
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2024-01-31
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1183
- ISSN
- 2076-3417 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4391385245
- Cited by
- 14
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 2
- FWCI
- 3.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Applied Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Microencapsulation and Drying Processes
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
- Keywords
- probiotics, Lactobacillus casei, alginate microspheres, microencapsulation, probiotic viability, preservatives, antimicrobial agents, microbiological stability, cosmetic formulation, carrier systems
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
