CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 16Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and TherapiesAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesSpondyloarthritis Studies and Treatments

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 104 of the 106 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Influence of Adipokines on Radiographic Damage in Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases

Open access
Toussirot, Eric·2023·Biomedicines
DOI 10.3390/biomedicines11020536PMC PMC9953013
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs) are complex immune-mediated diseases that are characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA), including axial SpA (ax SpA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), are the most common forms of IRD. Both RA and ax SpA are characterized by a chronic course with progressive structural modifications, namely, cartilage damage and bone erosions in RA and osteoproliferative changes with spinal ossifications in ax SpA. The adipose tissue is involved in the pathophysiology of IRDs via the release of several proteins, namely, adipokines. Several adipokines with pro-inflammatory effects have been identified, such as leptin, adiponectin, visfatin and resistin. In this review, we discuss the role that adipokines may play in the structural modifications of the peripheral joints and/or axial skeleton. In RA, the role of leptin in structural damage remains controversial, while adiponectin and its high-molecular-weight isoform are known to have an influence on the development of bone erosions and radiographic progression. Resistin also appears to be a potent detrimental adipokine for the joints in RA. In ax SpA, visfatin seems to be an attractive candidate for radiographic progression, while leptin and adiponectin have negative effects on radiographic progression.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3390/biomedicines11020536

Cites

104 of 104 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Figures

Figure 1 The contribution of adipokines to joint modification in inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs). Several factors are produced by the adipose tissue, collectively called adipokines. Leptin, adiponectin, visfatin and resistin are all involved in inflammation of the joints/axial skeleton in rheumatoid arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis. By stimulating pro-inflammatory cytokine release from innate and adaptive immune cells, adipokines induce an inflammatory milieu. In turn, pro-inflammatory cytokines may promote the release of adipokines. Leptin, visfatin and resistin all have pro-inflammatory effects on the joints and/or axial skeleton, while the effects of adiponectin on the inflammatory process are variable and depend on its isoform, with the high-molecular-weight isoform driving a pro-inflammatory reaction. Due to the interplay that adipokines have with specific factors involved in cartilage and bone metabolism, they may contribute to cartilage degradation and bone erosions in RA or spinal ligamentous ossifications in ax SpA (RA: rheumatoid arthritis; ax SpA: axial spondyloarthritis; HMW: high molecular weight; MMP: metalloproteinases; RANKL: receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand; dashed arrow: inhibitory effect; lined arrow: stimulating effect).
Figure 1 The contribution of adipokines to joint modification in inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs). Several factors are produced by the adipose tissue, collectively called adipokines. Leptin, adiponectin, visfatin and resistin are all involved in inflammation of the joints/axial skeleton in rheumatoid arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis. By stimulating pro-inflammatory cytokine release from innate and adaptive immune cells, adipokines induce an inflammatory milieu. In turn, pro-inflammatory cytokines may promote the release of adipokines. Leptin, visfatin and resistin all have pro-inflammatory effects on the joints and/or axial skeleton, while the effects of adiponectin on the inflammatory process are variable and depend on its isoform, with the high-molecular-weight isoform driving a pro-inflammatory reaction. Due to the interplay that adipokines have with specific factors involved in cartilage and bone metabolism, they may contribute to cartilage degradation and bone erosions in RA or spinal ligamentous ossifications in ax SpA (RA: rheumatoid arthritis; ax SpA: axial spondyloarthritis; HMW: high molecular weight; MMP: metalloproteinases; RANKL: receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand; dashed arrow: inhibitory effect; lined arrow: stimulating effect).CC BY · PubMed Central

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 106 references

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Toussirot, E.
Affiliations
INSERM CIC-1431, Centre d’Investigation Clinique Biothérapie, Pôle Recherche, CHU de Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
ORCID
Toussirot, Eric
Venue
Biomedicines
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2023-02-13
Volume
11
Issue
2
Pages
536
ISSN
2227-9059 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/biomedicines11020536
PMC
PMC9953013
OpenAlex
W4320497452
Cited by
12
References
106
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3
FWCI
0.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Biomedicines (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
CHU de Besancon (API/2013/37)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Spondyloarthritis Studies and Treatments
Keywords
adipokines, inflammatory rheumatic diseases, radiographic damage, rheumatoid arthritis, axial spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, leptin, adiponectin, visfatin, resistin, bone erosion, structural joint damage, adipose tissue, radiographic progression

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review