The DOI matches its Crossref record; 16 of the 16 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention
Open accessAbstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. There are disparities in the epidemiology of CRC across different populations, most probably due to differences in exposure to lifestyle and environmental factors related to CRC. Prevention is the most effective method for controlling CRC. Primary prevention includes determining and avoiding modifiable risk factors (e.g., alcohol consumption, smoking, and dietary factors) as well as increasing protective factors (e.g., physical activity, aspirin). Further studies, especially randomized, controlled trials, are needed to clarify the association between CRC incidence and exposure to different risk factors or protective factors. Detection and removal of precancerous colorectal lesions is also an effective strategy for controlling CRC. Multiple factors, both at the individual and community levels (e.g., patient preferences, availability of screening modalities, costs, benefits, and adverse events), should be taken into account in designing and implementing CRC screening programs. Health policymakers should consider the best decision in identifying the starting age and selection of the most effective screening strategies for the target population. This review aims to present updated evidence on the epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention of CRC.
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Cites
Sung, H., Ferlay, J., Siegel, R. L., Laversanne, M., Soerjomataram, I., Jemal, A., & Bray, F. (2021) · CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians · doi:10.3322/caac.21660 · Cited by 108,699
Screening for Colorectal Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
US Preventive Services Task Force, Bibbins-Domingo, K., Grossman, D. C., Curry, S. J., Davidson, K. W., Epling, J. W., García, F. A. R., Gillman, M. W., Harper, D. M., Kemper, A. R., et al. (2016) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2016.5989 · Cited by 2,509
Global Burden of 5 Major Types of Gastrointestinal Cancer
Arnold, M., Abnet, C. C., Neale, R. E., Vignat, J., Giovannucci, E. L., McGlynn, K. A., & Bray, F. (2020) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2020.02.068 · Cited by 2,027
Multitarget Stool DNA Testing for Colorectal-Cancer Screening
Imperiale, T. F., Ransohoff, D. F., Itzkowitz, S. H., Levin, T. R., Lavin, P., Lidgard, G. P., Ahlquist, D. A., & Berger, B. M. (2014) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1311194 · Cited by 1,900 · cited 1×
“Stool DNA tests were proposed as non-invasive accurate methods for detecting colorectal neoplasia [206–209], especially when combined with the FIT test (sDNA-FIT test) [210].”
Long-term colorectal-cancer incidence and mortality after lower endoscopy
Nishihara, R., Wu, K., Lochhead, P., Morikawa, T., Liao, X., Qian, Z. R., Inamura, K., Kim, S. A., Kuchiba, A., Yamauchi, M., et al. (2013) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1301969 · Cited by 1,483
Wirbel, J., Pyl, P. T., Kartal, E., Zych, K., Kashani, A., Milanese, A., Fleck, J. S., Voigt, A. Y., Palleja, A., Ponnudurai, R., et al. (2019) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-019-0406-6 · Cited by 1,373 · cited 1×
“Recent studies provide evidence on CRC-related species of the gut microbiota [139,140].”
Kyu, H. H., Bachman, V. F., Alexander, L. T., Mumford, J. E., Afshin, A., Estep, K., Veerman, J. L., Delwiche, K., Iannarone, M. L., Moyer, M. L., et al. (2016) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.i3857 · Cited by 1,272
Dai, Z., Coker, O. O., Nakatsu, G., Wu, W. K. K., Zhao, L., Chen, Z., Chan, F. K. L., Kristiansen, K., Sung, J. J. Y., Wong, S. H., et al. (2018) · Microbiome · doi:10.1186/s40168-018-0451-2 · Cited by 545
Metabolic Pathways Regulating Colorectal Cancer Initiation and Progression
La Vecchia, S., & Sebastián, C. (2020) · Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.05.018 · Cited by 349
Dysbiosis of human gut microbiome in young-onset colorectal cancer
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Cited by
Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in the Multi-Omics Approach to Gut Microbiota
Rozera, T., Pasolli, E., Segata, N., & Ianiro, G. (2025) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2025.02.035 · Cited by 112
Risk factors, prevention and screening of colorectal cancer: A rising problem
Tsukanov, V. V., Vasyutin, A. V., & Tonkikh, J. L. (2025) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v31.i5.98629 · Cited by 42
Jin, Y., Li, X., Ma, H., Xiong, L., Zhao, M., & Wang, H. (2024) · Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apjon.2024.100580 · Cited by 10
Metadata
- Authors
- Roshandel, G., Ghasemi-Kebria, F., & Malekzadeh, R.
- Venue
- Cancers
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2024-04-17
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1530
- ISSN
- 2072-6694 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4394879925
- Cited by
- 431
- References
- 16
- FWCI
- 66.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3390/cancers16081530
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- Roshandel, G., Ghasemi-Kebria, F., & Malekzadeh, R. (2024). Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention. Cancers. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16081530
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
