Evidence from a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Pointing to the Antidiabetic Effect of Polyphenol-Rich Plant Extracts from Gymnema Montanum, Momordica Charantia and Moringa Oleifera
Open accessAbstract
In vitro and animal model studies are of great interest for selecting new phytochemicals, including polyphenols with antioxidative properties, as candidates for antidiabetic drugs. This review provides evidence from a critical literature data analysis on the effects of plant extract supplementation in diabetes mellitus management. We considered and meta-analyzed the efficacy of oral supplementation of plant extracts in animal model studies and examined physiological and oxidative stress parameters. Finally, 23 articles were included in the meta-analysis, revealing three plants with experimentally confirmed in vivo and in vitro antidiabetic properties: Gymnema montanum, Momordica charantia and Moringa oleifera. The following parameter changes resulted from an investigation of the supplementation: reduced oxidative stress, decreased insulin resistance, increased insulin release, reduced adiposity, and a modulatory effect on glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, as well as attenuation of diabetes-associated weight loss, reduced fasting blood glucose and lowered oxidative status. A comparison of Gymnema montanum versus Glybenclamide revealed the superiority of extracts over drug administration in some aspects. Although the analyzed extracts are promising candidates for antidiabetic treatment, there is much inconsistent data in the literature. Therefore, ultimate references for using these compounds in the prevention of diabetes are currently not applicable.
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The 1H NMR signals in the ethanolic extracts are characteristic of aromatic protons typically found in flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds such as flavones and chalcones.
“These signals are characteristic of aromatic protons, which are typically found flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds, such as flavones and chalcones [39,40,41].”
From Comparative Analysis of Infusions and Ethanolic Extracts of Annona muricata Leaves from Colima, Mexico: Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity (2024) · cites this paper as [40]
The Introduction (§1.2; page unavailable) reports flavonoids and phenolic compounds in Momordica charantia extracts, including an ethanol extract analyzed by HPLC. It does not identify ¹H NMR signals as aromatic protons or discuss flavones and chalcones, so it supports the compound context but not the spectral interpretation. (LLM, conf=0.78)
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- Authors
- Krawczyk, M., Burzynska-Pedziwiatr, I., Wozniak, L. A., & Bukowiecka-Matusiak, M.
- Affiliations
- Chair of Medical Biology, Laboratory of Metabolomic Studies, Department of Structural Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
- Venue
- Current Issues in Molecular Biology
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2022-01-28
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 699-717
- ISSN
- 1467-3037 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-3045
- PMC
- PMC8928996
- OpenAlex
- W4210456813
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 104
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3
- FWCI
- 0.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Current Issues in Molecular Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Medical University of Lodz (502-03/0-160-01/502-04-034 to Michal Krawczyk)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Medicinal Plant Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Keywords
- antidiabetic effect, polyphenols, plant extracts, Momordica charantia, Moringa oleifera, diabetes mellitus, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, insulin secretion, adiposity, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, fasting blood glucose, phytochemicals
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