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Cited by 9melanin and skin pigmentationPlant tissue culture and regenerationMedicinal Plant Research

Rice (Oryza sativa) Stem Cells as a Novel Promising Active Ingredient with Anti-Proliferative Effects for Potential Skin Cancer Prevention and Skin Whitening Activity

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Asadollahi, Leila, Abbaspour-Ravasjani, Soheil, Kim, Kyung Ah, Maghsoodi, Maryam, Hamishehkar, Hamed, Kosari-Nasab, Morteza, Kim, Ki Hyun·2024·Foods
DOI 10.3390/foods13172803PMC PMC11394965
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Abstract

Rice is one of the plants proven to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and whitening properties, making it one of the most beneficial plants in this regard. This study aimed to introduce a novel natural cosmetic and pharmaceutical product based on rice callus as a source of active ingredients that can inhibit skin melanoma cell (B16F10) proliferation and brighten the skin. The 2,4-D hormone at concentrations of 1 µg/mL and 1.5 µg/mL was used to induce rice callus formation. Rice callus extracts were then prepared using aqueous and ethanolic solvents, with a concentration of 1 mg/mL used for characterization tests. To determine the optimal hormone concentration, the phenols/flavonoids, antioxidant activity, proteins, and carbohydrates in the extracts were measured. The optimal concentration of the hormone was found to be 1 µg/mL. Finally, the anti-melanocyte and skin-whitening activity of the extracts was assessed through measurements of their cytotoxicity and inhibition of melanin synthesis-related enzymes. Cellular cytotoxicity measurements revealed that the ethanolic extract induced more cytotoxicity than the aqueous extract, with IC50 values of 566.3 µg/mL for the ethanolic extract and 1327 µg/mL for the aqueous extract. Skin-whitening-related tests demonstrated that the extracts were 1.7 times more effective than arbutin in inhibiting factors that cause hyperpigmentation. The aqueous extract achieved 85% inhibition of melanin biosynthesis at a concentration of 3200 µg/mL, compared to 68% for the ethanolic extract and 50% for arbutin. Based on these findings, rice callus extract can be introduced as a new, effective substance for skin-lightening and anti-melanocyte products in cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical formulations.

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  • While in vitro and animal studies have shown promising results, human clinical trials are still relatively scarce.

    “Furthermore, while in vitro and animal studies have shown promising results, human clinical trials are still relatively scarce, highlighting the necessity for more rigorous scientific evaluation (Asadollahi et al., 2024;Verma and Srivastav, 2020).”

    From Pharmacognostic and dermatological insights into Oryza sativa: A comprehensive review of its skin benefits and bioactive compounds (2025) · cites this paper as Asadollahi et al., 2024

    The Results (§3.4–3.5; page unavailable) report promising effects of rice callus extracts in melanoma cells, supporting the in vitro portion. The Discussion (§4; page unavailable) calls for further testing and long-term safety assessment, but does not report promising animal results for these extracts or establish that human clinical trials are relatively scarce. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Asadollahi, L., Abbaspour-Ravasjani, S., Kim, K. A., Maghsoodi, M., Hamishehkar, H., Kosari-Nasab, M., & Kim, K. H.
Affiliations
  • Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (IR)
  • Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51368, Iran
  • Sungkyunkwan University (KR)
Corresponding author
  • Hamishehkar, Hamed
  • Kim, Ki Hyun
ORCID
Venue
Foods
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2024-09-03
Volume
13
Issue
17
Pages
2803
ISSN
2304-8158 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/foods13172803
PMC
PMC11394965
OpenAlex
W4402188657
Cited by
9
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 1
FWCI
1.91
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Foods (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (66247, 2019R1A5A2027340, 2021R1A2C2007937)
  • National Research Foundation of Korea (66247, 2019R1A5A2027340, 2021R1A2C2007937)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › melanin and skin pigmentation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant tissue culture and regeneration
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Medicinal Plant Research
Keywords
rice callus, rice, skin lightening, skin cancer prevention, antiproliferative activity, melanogenesis inhibition, hyperpigmentation, antioxidant activity, flavonoids, cytotoxicity, arbutin, cosmeceuticals

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