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Cited by 0Skin Protection and AgingMedicinal Plant Researchmelanin and skin pigmentation

Pharmacognostic and dermatological insights into Oryza sativa: A comprehensive review of its skin benefits and bioactive compounds

Open access
Mubassir, Naseem, Ahamad, Km., Parbha, Km., Nida Baby·2025·Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy
DOI 10.5897/jpp2025.0647
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Abstract

Oryza sativa (rice), a vital cereal crop consumed worldwide, has gained increasing recognition in dermatological and cosmetic sciences due to its rich profile of bioactive constituents. This review highlights the pharmacognostic attributes of rice and its relevance in skin care applications. Various parts of the rice plant, particularly the bran, husk, and germ, contain a spectrum of phytochemicals including phenolic acids, flavonoids, γ-Oryzanol, tocopherols, and polysaccharides. These compounds exhibit a range of beneficial effects on the skin, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, moisturizing, depigmenting, and photoprotective activities. Traditional use of rice-based preparations for skin lightening and soothing aligns with modern pharmacological evidence. Moreover, rice derivatives are increasingly incorporated into contemporary cosmeceutical formulations due to their efficacy and safety. This review also explores the mechanisms of action underlying these effects, the formulation strategies in cosmetic products, and areas for future research, particularly in standardization and clinical validation of rice-based skin treatments. Key words: Oryza sativa, natural skin care, rice-based cosmeceuticals, antioxidant activity, γ-Oryzanol.

AI snapshot

Written from the paper’s full text.

TL;DR

This review summarizes pharmacognostic and dermatological evidence for *Oryza sativa*, emphasizing rice bran, husk, and germ bioactives such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, γ-Oryzanol, tocopherols, and polysaccharides. It reports antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, moisturizing, depigmenting, photoprotective, anti-aging, and wound-healing skin benefits and calls for standardized extracts and clinical validation.

Key findings

  • Rice contains bioactive compounds concentrated in bran, germ, and husk, including ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, tricin, apigenin, γ-Oryzanol, tocopherols, starches/polysaccharides, proteins/peptides, and fatty acids; these are linked to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, UV-protective, skin-whitening, anti-aging, moisturizing, and wound-healing activities (Table 1).
  • Traditional rice water, rice bran oil, and rice pastes have been used for cleansing, toning, soothing irritation, sunburns, minor wounds, and improving complexion; modern products use rice bran oil, extracts, and hydrolyzed rice proteins in lotions, creams, masks, and serums.
  • Delivery systems such as nanoemulsions, liposomes, hydrogels, and microneedle patches are described as improving stability, bioavailability, penetration, and controlled release of rice actives.
  • Botanical/pharmacognostic details include: *O. sativa* is an annual grass reaching 0.5–1.8 m; the grain is oval to oblong, typically 5–12 mm long and 2–3 mm wide; Asia accounts for approximately 90% of world rice production; the genus *Oryza* includes over 20 species.

Methods

  • Narrative review of pharmacognostic and dermatological literature on *O. sativa*, covering traditional uses, phytochemistry, mechanisms of action, formulations, and commercial products.
  • Sources cited include prior reviews, in vitro and animal studies, and some clinical studies; no primary experimental data, systematic search strategy, or meta-analysis is reported.
  • Main synthesis is qualitative, organized around botanical profile, phytochemical constituents, pharmacological activities, formulations, and future directions; Table 1 summarizes activities and Table 2 lists commercial rice-based skincare brands.

Limitations

  • The paper states that despite promising in vitro and animal results, human clinical trials are relatively scarce and more rigorous scientific evaluation is needed.
  • The paper states a need for standardization of rice extracts and clinical validation before rice-based ingredients can be widely accepted therapeutic products.
  • Evident from the text: as a narrative review, it does not report systematic inclusion/exclusion criteria, risk-of-bias assessment, or quantitative synthesis; Table 3 (research gaps and future directions) is incomplete/blank in the provided text, and some table formatting is garbled.

Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.5897/jpp2025.0647

Cites

10 of 10 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Nothing to recompute.

Claims the paper makes

1 of 117 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged · accuracy not yet measured

  • Premisecitation

    While in vitro and animal studies have shown promising results, human clinical trials are still relatively scarce.

    “Furthermore, while in vitro and animal studies have shown promising results, human clinical trials are still relatively scarce, highlighting the necessity for more rigorous scientific evaluation (Asadollahi et al., 2024;Verma and Srivastav, 2020).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 2 sources checked
    • cites Asadollahi et al., 2024 source

      The Results (§3.4–3.5; page unavailable) report promising effects of rice callus extracts in melanoma cells, supporting the in vitro portion. The Discussion (§4; page unavailable) calls for further testing and long-term safety assessment, but does not report promising animal results for these extracts or establish that human clinical trials are relatively scarce. (LLM, conf=0.84)

      Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
    • cites Verma and Srivastav, 2020 source
  • Premisecitation

    Historical records indicate rice was used in Ayurvedic, Chinese, and Southeast Asian traditions for promoting skin health, soothing inflammation, and enhancing complexion.

    “Historical records indicate its use in Ayurvedic, Chinese, and Southeast Asian traditions for promoting skin health, soothing inflammation, and enhancing complexion.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Patel et al. (2012)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Premisecitation

    These phytochemicals are predominantly concentrated in the bran, germ, and husk layers of rice.

    “These compounds are predominantly concentrated in the bran, germ, and husk layers, which are often by-products of rice milling but have significant potential as cosmeceutical ingredients (Zhou et al., 2016;Han et al., 2019;Kim and Lee, 2017;Lee et al., 2020).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Zhou et al., 2016

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Han et al., 2019

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Kim and Lee, 2017

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Interpretationreasoning

    Traditional use of rice-based preparations for skin lightening and soothing aligns with modern pharmacological evidence.

    “Traditional use of rice-based preparations for skin lightening and soothing aligns with modern pharmacological evidence.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Premisecitation

    The rice grain consists of several layers, including hull, bran, germ, and endosperm, each with distinct phytochemical properties relevant to pharmacognosy.

    “The rice grain itself consists of several layers, including the hull (husks), bran, germ, and endosperm, each with distinct phytochemical properties relevant to pharmacognosy (Verma and Srivastav, 2020;Cheung, 2005;FAO, 2021).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Verma and Srivastav, 2020 source
    • cites Cheung, 2005

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites FAO, 2021

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 4
  • May combine two claims. 35

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    The genus Oryza includes over 20 species, but O. sativa is the most widely cultivated and consumed species globally.

    “The genus Oryza includes over 20 species, but O. sativa is the most widely cultivated and consumed species globally (Cheung, 2005;Food and Agriculture Organization [FAO], 2021;Garris et al., 2005).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Cheung, 2005

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites FAO, 2021

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Garris et al., 2005 source

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    γ-Oryzanol and ferulic acid are particularly noted for their capacity to neutralize free radicals, protect against UV-induced damage, and improve skin tone and elasticity.

    “For instance, γ-Oryzanol and ferulic acid are particularly noted for their capacity to neutralize free radicals, protect against UV-induced damage, and improve skin tone and elasticity.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked
    • cites Kim and Lee (2017)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Lee et al. (2020)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Rice bran oil, rich in antioxidants, has traditionally been applied to enhance skin smoothness and elasticity.

    “Rice bran oil, rich in antioxidants, has traditionally been applied to enhance skin smoothness and elasticity.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Patel et al. (2012)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Rice flavonoids help mitigate oxidative stress in skin cells and protect against UV-induced DNA damage.

    “These flavonoids help mitigate oxidative stress in skin cells and protect against UVinduced DNA damage.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Matsukawa et al., 2019

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    Rice has been utilized in traditional medicine and beauty practices for centuries.

    “Beyond its nutritional value, rice has been utilized in traditional medicine and beauty practices for centuries.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Patel et al. (2012)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Rice bran is a by-product of milling and is extensively studied for its pharmacognostic potential due to its high concentration of antioxidants such as γ-Oryzanol, tocopherols, and phenolic acids.

    “Rice bran, a by-product of milling, is extensively studied for its pharmacognostic potential due to its high concentration of antioxidants such as γ-Oryzanol, tocopherols, and phenolic acids (Garris et al., 2005;Juliano, 1993;Khush, 2005).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Garris et al., 2005 source
    • cites Juliano, 1993

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Khush, 2005 source

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    In traditional Ayurvedic medicine, rice water and rice bran have been used to soothe skin irritations, promote wound healing, and improve complexion.

    “In traditional Ayurvedic medicine, rice water and rice bran have been used to soothe skin irritations, promote wound healing, and improve complexion.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Patel et al. (2012)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Tocopherols and γ-Oryzanol are two key lipid-soluble antioxidants found in rice bran oil.

    “Tocopherols (vitamin E compounds) and γ-Oryzanol are two key lipid-soluble antioxidants found in rice bran oil.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Park et al., 2020

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Tocopherols protect skin lipids from peroxidation, maintaining the integrity of the skin barrier and preventing moisture loss.

    “Tocopherols protect skin lipids from peroxidation, maintaining the integrity of the skin barrier and preventing moisture loss.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Park et al., 2020

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Phenolic acids, such as ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid, are abundant in rice bran and are known for their potent antioxidant properties.

    “Phenolic acids, such as ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid, are abundant in rice bran and are known for their potent antioxidant properties.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Kim and Lee (2017)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Rice protein hydrolysates have demonstrated moisturizing and skin-whitening effects.

    “For example, rice protein hydrolysates have demonstrated moisturizing and skin-whitening effects, making them valuable components in cosmetic formulations.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Kim and Lee (2017)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Rice contains a variety of flavonoids, including tricin and apigenin, which exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and photoprotective activities.

    “Rice contains a variety of flavonoids, including tricin and apigenin, which exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and photoprotective activities.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Matsukawa et al., 2019

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    These rice constituents exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, moisturizing, depigmenting, and photoprotective effects relevant to skincare.

    “These constituents exhibit a broad spectrum of bioactivities pertinent to skincare, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, moisturizing, depigmenting, and photoprotective effects.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked
    • cites Zhou et al., 2016

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Han et al., 2019

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    p-Coumaric acid exhibits anti-inflammatory effects that aid in soothing irritated skin and may contribute to the prevention of hyperpigmentation.

    “Additionally, p-coumaric acid exhibits anti-inflammatory effects that aid in soothing irritated skin and may contribute to the prevention of hyperpigmentation.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Kim et al. (2018)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    In traditional Chinese medicine, rice is believed to have cooling properties and has been used topically to treat burns and skin inflammation.

    “Similarly, in traditional Chinese medicine, rice is believed to have cooling properties and has been used topically to treat burns and skin inflammation.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Patel et al. (2012)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    These rice phytochemicals exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, moisturizing, depigmenting, and photoprotective activities on the skin.

    “These compounds exhibit a range of beneficial effects on the skin, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, moisturizing, depigmenting, and photoprotective activities.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Zhou et al., 2016

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Han et al., 2019

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Kim and Lee, 2017

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Rice ceramides have been shown to improve skin barrier function, reduce wrinkle severity, and decrease pigmentation when administered orally.

    “Additionally, rice ceramides have been shown to improve skin barrier function, reduce wrinkle severity, and decrease pigmentation when administered orally.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Lee et al., 2022

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Recent studies have highlighted the potential of rice-derived ingredients in enhancing skin hydration, improving barrier function, and providing antioxidant protection.

    “Recent studies have highlighted the potential of ricederived ingredients in enhancing skin hydration, improving barrier function, and providing antioxidant protection.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked
    • cites Kim and Lee (2017)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Lee et al. (2020)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    O. sativa belongs to the family Poaceae.

    “O. sativa L., commonly known as rice, belongs to the family Poaceae, which is one of the largest families of monocotyledonous flowering plants.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Cheung, 2005

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites FAO, 2021

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Garris et al., 2005 source

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    γ-Oryzanol has strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging effects on the skin.

    “γ-Oryzanol, a mixture of ferulate esters of triterpene alcohols and sterols, has been shown to have strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging effects on the skin.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Park et al., 2020

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    The balance of omega-6 and omega-9 fatty acids in rice bran oil supports skin regeneration and helps alleviate dry or irritated skin conditions.

    “The balance of omega-6 and omega-9 fatty acids in rice bran oil supports skin regeneration and helps alleviate dry or irritated skin conditions (Zhao et al., 2016;Han et al., 2019).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked
    • cites Zhao et al., 2016

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Han et al., 2019

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Nanoemulsions improve the solubility and absorption of rice bran oil antioxidants, leading to enhanced photoprotection and anti-aging effects.

    “Nanoemulsions, which are fine oil-inwater dispersions, improve the solubility and absorption of rice bran oil antioxidants, leading to enhanced photoprotection and anti-aging effects.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Park et al., 2017

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Patel et al., 2012

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Sun et al., 2016

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Rice bran polysaccharides, peptides, and phenolics promote fibroblast proliferation, collagen deposition, and have anti-inflammatory effects.

    “Rice bran polysaccharides, peptides, phenolics Promotes fibroblast proliferation, collagen deposition, anti-inflammatory effect Patel et al. (2012)”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Patel et al. (2012)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Rice flavonoids, phenolics, and proteins inhibit tyrosinase and suppress melanin synthesis.

    “Flavonoids, phenolics, rice proteins Tyrosinase inhibition, suppression of melanin synthesis Lee et al. (2021)”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Lee et al. (2021)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Rice starch and polysaccharides extracted from rice have moisturizing and skin-soothing properties.

    “Rice starch and polysaccharides extracted from rice have moisturizing and skin-soothing properties.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Lee et al., 2021

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Matsukawa et al., 2019

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Park et al., 2020

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    γ-Oryzanol, ferulic acid, and tocopherols absorb UV radiation and reduce photooxidative damage.

    “γ-Oryzanol, ferulic acid, tocopherols Absorbs UV radiation, reduces photooxidative damage Lee et al. (2020)”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Lee et al. (2020)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Rice pastes made by grinding cooked rice are applied topically to soothe skin irritations, sunburns, and minor wounds, capitalizing on rice's natural anti-inflammatory and healing effects.

    “In some Asian cultures, rice pastes made by grinding cooked rice are applied topically to soothe skin irritations, sunburns, and minor wounds, capitalizing on rice's natural anti-inflammatory and healing effects (Sun et al., 2016;Xu and Godber, 1999;Han et al., 2019;Kim and Lee, 2017).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Sun et al., 2016

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Xu and Godber, 1999 source
    • cites Han et al., 2019

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Rice polysaccharides, starch, ceramides, and fatty acids enhance moisture retention, improve skin barrier, and reduce TEWL.

    “Polysaccharides, starch, ceramides, fatty acids Enhances moisture retention, improves skin barrier and reduces TEWL Park et al. (2020)”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Park et al. (2020)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    O. sativa has evolved beyond its traditional use as a staple food and has gained prominence as a potent ingredient in dermatology and cosmeceuticals.

    “O. sativa, commonly known as rice, has evolved beyond its traditional use as a staple food and has gained prominence as a potent ingredient in dermatology and cosmeceuticals.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Rice bioactive compounds (ferulic acid, γ-Oryzanol, tocopherols, flavonoids) neutralize ROS and protect against oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation.

    “Ferulic acid, γ-Oryzanol, tocopherols, flavonoids Neutralization of ROS, protection against oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation Kim and Lee (2017)”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Kim and Lee (2017)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    These modern drug delivery technologies enable rice-based formulations to target deeper skin layers and enhance therapeutic outcomes, such as improved hydration, skin barrier repair, and wrinkle reduction.

    “These modern drug delivery technologies enable rice-based formulations to target deeper skin layers and enhance therapeutic outcomes, such as improved hydration, skin barrier repair, and wrinkle reduction.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    These fatty acids play a crucial role in maintaining skin barrier integrity, promoting hydration, and reducing inflammation.

    “These fatty acids play a crucial role in maintaining skin barrier integrity, promoting hydration, and reducing inflammation.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked
    • cites Zhao et al., 2016

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Han et al., 2019

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Rice carbohydrates form a protective film on the skin surface, enhancing hydration and barrier function.

    “These carbohydrates form a protective film on the skin surface, enhancing hydration and barrier function.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Lee et al., 2021

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Matsukawa et al., 2019

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Park et al., 2020

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Hydrogels incorporating rice polysaccharides provide controlled hydration and sustained release of moisturizing agents, promoting skin barrier repair.

    “Hydrogels incorporating rice polysaccharides provide controlled hydration and sustained release of moisturizing agents, promoting skin barrier repair.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Park et al., 2017

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Patel et al., 2012

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Sun et al., 2016

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Rice bran oil is valued for its lightweight texture and high vitamin E content, making it a popular ingredient in facial moisturizers and anti-wrinkle creams.

    “For instance, rice bran oil is valued for its lightweight texture and high vitamin E content, making it a popular ingredient in facial moisturizers and anti-wrinkle creams.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Kim and Lee, 2017

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Lee et al., 2020

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Lee et al., 2021

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    γ-Oryzanol offers photoprotection by absorbing UV rays and reducing UV-induced erythema.

    “It also offers photoprotection by absorbing UV rays and reducing UV-induced erythema.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Lee et al., 2020

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Rice peptides, γ-Oryzanol, and tocotrienols stimulate collagen synthesis, provide antioxidative protection, and reduce wrinkles.

    “Rice peptides, γ-Oryzanol, tocotrienols Collagen synthesis stimulation, antioxidative protection, wrinkle reduction Park et al. (2017)”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Park et al. (2017)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    Historical practices using rice water, rice bran, and pastes for skin care have long been embraced across cultures.

    “Historical practices using rice water, rice bran, and pastes for skin care have long been embraced across cultures.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Patel et al. (2012)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

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  • The paper relies on this without support.

    A comprehensive understanding of rice's pharmacognostic properties and mechanisms of action remains limited.

    “Despite the widespread use of rice in dermatological products, a comprehensive understanding of its pharmacognostic properties and mechanisms of action remains limited.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Rice-based ingredients have low allergenic potential and are safe for a wide range of skin types, including sensitive and acne-prone skin.

    “Their natural origin, low allergenic potential, and efficacy make them suitable for a wide range of skin types, including sensitive and acne-prone skin.”
2 of 2

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 11

  1. Cheung KC (2005). Microscopic anatomy of rice grains: Implications for food and health. Food Research International 38(7):823-829.
  2. Juliano BO (1993). Rice Chemistry and Technology (2nd ed.). American Association of Cereal Chemists. link View
  3. Kim SJ, Lee SH (2017). Rice protein hydrolysates: Effects on skin hydration and anti-aging. Journal of Cosmetic Science 68(1):45-56.
  4. Kim YH, Kim DH, Lim HW, Lee JY (2018). Efficacy of rice bran extracts on skin whitening and anti-aging: A clinical study. Journal of Dermatological Treatment 29(2):110-116.
  5. Lee JH, Kim H, Kim YS, Kim Y, Jeong Y, Lee J (2020). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory peptides from rice proteins for skin applications. Molecules 25(6):1336.
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Authors
Mubassir, Naseem, A., Km., P., & Km., N. B.
Venue
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy
Publisher
Academic Journals
Published
2025-08-31
Volume
17
Issue
3
Pages
36-41
ISSN
2141-2502 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.5897/jpp2025.0647
OpenAlex
W4413413486
Cited by
0
References
8
FWCI
0.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Medicinal Plant Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › melanin and skin pigmentation
Keywords
rice, skin care, cosmeceuticals, bioactive compounds, γ-oryzanol, tocopherols, phenolic acids, flavonoids, polysaccharides, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity, depigmentation, photoprotection, skin hydration, rice bran, rice husk, rice germ, traditional medicine, cosmetic formulation

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