Cited by 896Garlic and Onion StudiesChemical synthesis and alkaloidsGenomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress

Bioactive Compounds and Biological Functions of Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

Open access
Shang, Ao, Cao, Shi-Yu, Xu, Xiao-Yu, Gan, Ren-You, Tang, Guo-Yi, Corke, Harold, Mavumengwana, Vuyo, Li, Hua-Bin·2019·Foods

Abstract

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a widely consumed spice in the world. Garlic contains diverse bioactive compounds, such as allicin, alliin, diallyl sulfide, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide, ajoene, and S-allyl-cysteine. Substantial studies have shown that garlic and its bioactive constituents exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, immunomodulatory, cardiovascular protective, anticancer, hepatoprotective, digestive system protective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, neuroprotective, and renal protective properties. In this review, the main bioactive compounds and important biological functions of garlic are summarized, highlighting and discussing the relevant mechanisms of actions. Overall, garlic is an excellent natural source of bioactive sulfur-containing compounds and has promising applications in the development of functional foods or nutraceuticals for the prevention and management of certain diseases.

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Crossref · 10.3390/foods8070246

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  • Saponins extracted from garlic scavenge intracellular ROS and protect mouse-derived C2C12 myoblasts towards growth inhibition and H2O2-induced DNA damage.

    “Saponins extracted from garlic were reported to scavenge intracellular ROS and protect mouse-derived C2C12 myoblasts towards growth inhibition and H2O2-induced DNA damage [68].”
  • The anticancer mechanisms of garlic extracts are attributed to inhibition of cell growth and proliferation, regulation of carcinogen metabolism, stimulation of apoptosis, prevention of angiogenesis, invasion, and migration, and thus reducing anticancer agent's negative effects.

    “Shang et al. [68] reported that the anticancer mechanisms of garlic extracts were attributed to the inhibition of cell growth and proliferation, regulation of carcinogen metabolism, stimulation of apoptosis, prevention of angiogenesis, invasion, and migration and thus reducing the anticancer agent’s negative effects.”
  • Z-ajoene has anti-proliferative activities against different types of cancers and inhibits the growth of human breast cancer cells and glioblastoma multiforme cancer stem cells (GBM CSC).

    “Moreover, Z-ajoene has shown anti-proliferative activities against different types of cancers and it inhibits the growth of human breast cancer cells and glioblastoma multiforme cancer stem cells (GBM CSC) [68].”

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Authors
Shang, A., Cao, S.-Y., Xu, X.-Y., Gan, R.-Y., Tang, G.-Y., Corke, H., Mavumengwana, V., & Li, H.-B.
Affiliations
  • Sun Yat-sen University (CN)
  • Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN)
  • South African Medical Research Council (ZA)
Corresponding author
  • Gan, Ren-You
  • Li, Hua-Bin
Venue
Foods
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2019-07-05
Volume
8
Issue
7
Pages
246
ISSN
2304-8158 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2955644861
Cited by
896
References
166
Citations by year
2026: 94 · 2025: 142 · 2024: 150 · 2023: 156 · 2022: 161 · 2021: 118 · 2020: 64 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 1 · 2015: 2
FWCI
7.82
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Foods (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC1600100)
  • the Shanghai Basic and Key Program (18JC1410800)
  • the Agri-X Interdisciplinary Fund of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Agri-X2017004)
  • the Key Project of Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Program (2014B020205002)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Garlic and Onion Studies
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Chemical synthesis and alkaloids
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
Keywords
garlic, bioactive compounds, allicin, alliin, diallyl sulfide, ajoene, S-allylcysteine, sulfur compounds, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity, antibacterial activity, antifungal activity, anticancer activity, hepatoprotection, antidiabetic activity, anti-obesity, neuroprotection, renal protection, cardioprotection, functional foods, nutraceuticals

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