CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 42Supply Chain Resilience and Risk ManagementService and Product InnovationCOVID-19 Pandemic Impacts

Crisis Preparedness of Healthcare Manufacturing Firms during the COVID-19 Outbreak: Digitalization and Servitization

Open access
Zhang, Jingsi, Qi, Liangqun·2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
DOI 10.3390/ijerph18105456PMC PMC8160672
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

For healthcare manufacturing firms, creating a crisis-prepared product and service portfolio and operational processes is essential for their long-term prosperity. In this paper, we examine how healthcare manufacturing firms cope with the operational disruptions and opportunities associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. We highlight the central role of organizational resilience and examine whether servitization and digitalization can improve the organizational resilience of healthcare manufacturing firms. On the basis of the organizational information processing theory, we suggest that servitization and digitalization can improve the stability and flexibility of operations, which make healthcare manufacturing firms more resilient to the COVID-19 pandemic. The hypotheses were tested using survey data from 163 manufacturing firms located in China. The results indicate that both servitization and digitalization improve the organizational resilience of healthcare manufacturing firms, leading to higher firm growth during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, organizational resilience mediates the impacts of servitization and digitalization on firm growth. Environmental dynamism strengthens the relationship between digitalization and organizational resilience. This study offers new insights for healthcare manufacturing firms to prepare for crisis events and achieve sustainable development in a highly competitive environment.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3390/ijerph18105456

Cites

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet

References 79 · Cited by 42

Research works printed but not linked: 67

  1. [1]El Baz J. Ruel S. Can supply chain risk management practices mitigate the disruption impacts on supply chains’ resilience and robustness? Evidence from an empirical survey in a COVID-19 outbreak era Int. J. Prod. Econ. 2021 233 107972 10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107972 PMC9759337 36567758 · DOI
  2. [2]Kim H.K. Lee C.W. Relationships among healthcare digitalization, social capital, and supply chain performance in the healthcare manufacturing industry Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021 18 1417 10.3390/ijerph18041417 33546393 PMC7913591 · DOI
  3. [4]Hillmann J. Guenther E. Organizational resilience: A valuable construct for management research? Int. J. Manag. Rev. 2020 in press 10.1111/ijmr.12239 · DOI
  4. [5]Madrigano J. Chandra A. Costigan T. Acosta J.D. Beyond disaster preparedness: Building a resilience-oriented workforce for the future Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017 14 1563 10.3390/ijerph14121563 PMC5750981 29236028 · DOI
  5. [7]Fernandes N. Economic effects of coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) on the world economy Available SSRN 3557504 2020 10.2139/ssrn.3557504 · DOI
  6. [8]Visnjic I. Wiengarten F. Neely A. Only the brave: Product innovation, service business model innovation, and their impact on performance J. Prod. Innov. Manag. 2016 33 36 52 10.1111/jpim.12254 · DOI
  7. [9]Parida V. Sjödin D. Reim W. Reviewing Literature on Digitalization, Business Model Innovation, and Sustainable Industry: Past Achievements and Future Promises Sustainability 2019 11 391 10.3390/su11020391 · DOI
  8. [10]Kohtamäki M. Parida V. Patel P.C. Gebauer H. The relationship between digitalization and servitization: The role of servitization in capturing the financial potential of digitalization Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang. 2020 151 119804 10.1016/j.techfore.2019.119804 · DOI
  9. [11]Miceli A. Hagen B. Riccardi M.P. Sotti F. Settembre-Blundo D. Thriving, Not Just Surviving in Changing Times: How Sustainability, Agility and Digitalization Intertwine with Organizational Resilience Sustainability 2021 13 2052 10.3390/su13042052 · DOI
  10. [12]Pfeffer J. Salancik G.R. The External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective Stanford University Press Stanford, CA, USA 2003
  11. [13]Vendrell-Herrero F. Bustinza O.F. Parry G. Georgantzis N. Servitization, digitization and supply chain interdependency Ind. Mark. Manag. 2017 60 69 81 10.1016/j.indmarman.2016.06.013 · DOI
  12. [14]Rapaccini M. Saccani N. Kowalkowski C. Paiola M. Adrodegari F. Navigating disruptive crises through service-led growth: The impact of COVID-19 on Italian manufacturing firms Ind. Mark. Manag. 2020 88 225 237 10.1016/j.indmarman.2020.05.017 · DOI
  13. [15]Joseph J. Gaba V. Organizational structure, information processing, and decision-making: A retrospective and road map for research Acad. Manag. Ann. 2020 14 267 302 10.5465/annals.2017.0103 · DOI
  14. [16]Liu T.-H. Hung S.-C. Chu Y.-Y. Environmental jolts, entrepreneurial actions and value creation: A case study of Trend Micro Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang. 2007 74 1432 1445 10.1016/j.techfore.2006.05.010 · DOI
  15. [17]DesJardine M. Bansal P. Yang Y. Bouncing back: Building resilience through social and environmental practices in the context of the 2008 global financial crisis J. Manag. 2019 45 1434 1460 10.1177/0149206317708854 · DOI
  16. [18]Parker H. Ameen K. The role of resilience capabilities in shaping how firms respond to disruptions J. Bus. Res. 2018 88 535 541 10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.12.022 · DOI
  17. [19]Fan H. Li G. Sun H. Cheng T. An information processing perspective on supply chain risk management: Antecedents, mechanism, and consequences Int. J. Prod. Econ. 2017 185 63 75 10.1016/j.ijpe.2016.11.015 · DOI
  18. [20]Wang W. Lai K.-H. Shou Y. The impact of servitization on firm performance: A meta-analysis Int. J. Oper. Prod. Manag. 2018 38 1562 1588 10.1108/IJOPM-04-2017-0204 · DOI
  19. [21]Kossek E.E. Perrigino M.B. Resilience: A review using a grounded integrated occupational approach Acad. Manag. Ann. 2016 10 10.5465/19416520.2016.1159878 · DOI
  20. [22]Linnenluecke M.K. Resilience in business and management research: A review of influential publications and a research agenda Int. J. Manag. Rev. 2017 19 4 30 10.1111/ijmr.12076 · DOI · Paper page
  21. [23]Richtnér A. Löfsten H. Managing in turbulence: How the capacity for resilience influences creativity RD Manag. 2014 44 137 151 10.1111/radm.12050 · DOI
  22. [24]Duchek S. Raetze S. Scheuch I. The role of diversity in organizational resilience: A theoretical framework Bus. Res. 2020 13 387 423 10.1007/s40685-019-0084-8 · DOI
  23. [25]Jüttner U. Maklan S. Supply chain resilience in the global financial crisis: An empirical study Supply Chain Manag. 2011 26 246 259 10.1108/13598541111139062 · DOI
  24. [28]Wong C.W. Lirn T.-C. Yang C.-C. Shang K.-C. Supply chain and external conditions under which supply chain resilience pays: An organizational information processing theorization Int. J. Prod. Econ. 2020 226 107610 10.1016/j.ijpe.2019.107610 · DOI
  25. [30]Yu W. Zhao G. Liu Q. Song Y. Role of big data analytics capability in developing integrated hospital supply chains and operational flexibility: An organizational information processing theory perspective Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang. 2021 163 120417 10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120417 · DOI
  26. [31]Foss N.J. Saebi T. Fifteen years of research on business model innovation: How far have we come, and where should we go? J. Manag. 2017 43 200 227 10.1177/0149206316675927 · DOI
  27. [33]Baines T. Bigdeli A.Z. Sousa R. Schroeder A. Framing the servitization transformation process: A model to understand and facilitate the servitization journey Int. J. Prod. Econ. 2020 221 107463 10.1016/j.ijpe.2019.07.036 · DOI
  28. [34]Harris W.L. Wonglimpiyarat J. Strategic foresight of Xerox servitization: Look back and look forward Foresight 2020 22 351 366 10.1108/FS-07-2019-0064 · DOI
  29. [35]Neely A. Exploring the financial consequences of the servitization of manufacturing Oper. Manag. Res. 2008 1 103 118 10.1007/s12063-009-0015-5 · DOI
  30. [36]Fang E. Palmatier R.W. Steenkamp J.-B.E. Effect of service transition strategies on firm value J. Mark. 2008 72 1 14 10.1509/jmkg.72.5.001 · DOI
  31. [39]Eggert A. Hogreve J. Ulaga W. Muenkhoff E. Revenue and profit implications of industrial service strategies J. Serv. Res. 2014 17 23 39 10.1177/1094670513485823 · DOI
  32. [40]Gebauer H. Paiola M. Saccani N. Rapaccini M. Digital servitization: Crossing the perspectives of digitization and servitization Ind. Mark. Manag. 2021 93 382 388 10.1016/j.indmarman.2020.05.011 · DOI
  33. [41]Hallstedt S.I. Isaksson O. Öhrwall Rönnbäck A. The Need for New Product Development Capabilities from Digitalization, Sustainability, and Servitization Trends Sustainability 2020 12 222 10.3390/su122310222 · DOI
  34. [42]Isensee C. Teuteberg F. Griese K.-M. Topi C. The relationship between organizational culture, sustainability, and digitalization in SMEs: A systematic review J. Clean. Prod. 2020 275 122944 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122944 · DOI
  35. [43]Paiola M. Gebauer H. Internet of things technologies, digital servitization and business model innovation in BtoB manufacturing firms Ind. Mark. Manag. 2020 89 245 264 10.1016/j.indmarman.2020.03.009 · DOI
  36. [44]Ardolino M. Rapaccini M. Saccani N. Gaiardelli P. Crespi G. Ruggeri C. The role of digital technologies for the service transformation of industrial companies Int. J. Prod. Res. 2018 56 2116 2132 10.1080/00207543.2017.1324224 · DOI
  37. [46]Sousa R. da Silveira G.J. The relationship between servitization and product customization strategies Int. J. Oper. Prod. Manag. 2019 39 454 474 10.1108/IJOPM-03-2018-0177 · DOI
  38. [47]Kastalli I.V. Van Looy B. Neely A. Steering manufacturing firms towards service business model innovation Calif. Manag. Rev. 2013 56 100 123 10.1525/cmr.2013.56.1.100 · DOI
  39. [48]Sousa R. da Silveira G.J. Capability antecedents and performance outcomes of servitization: Differences between basic and advanced services Int. J. Oper. Prod. Manag. 2017 37 444 467 10.1108/IJOPM-11-2015-0696 · DOI
  40. [49]Moeller S. Customer integration—a key to an implementation perspective of service provision J. Serv. Res. 2008 11 197 210 10.1177/1094670508324677 · DOI
  41. [50]Saccani N. Visintin F. Rapaccini M. Investigating the linkages between service types and supplier relationships in servitized environments Int. J. Prod. Econ. 2014 149 226 238 10.1016/j.ijpe.2013.10.001 · DOI
  42. [51]Zhang M. Huo B. The impact of dependence and trust on supply chain integration Int. J. Phys. Distrib. Logist. Manag. 2013 43 544 563 10.1108/IJPDLM-10-2011-0171 · DOI
  43. [52]Ambulkar S. Blackhurst J. Grawe S. Firm’s resilience to supply chain disruptions: Scale development and empirical examination J. Oper. Manag. 2015 33 111 122 10.1016/j.jom.2014.11.002 · DOI · Paper page
  44. [53]Hendricks K.B. Singhal V.R. Zhang R. The effect of operational slack, diversification, and vertical relatedness on the stock market reaction to supply chain disruptions J. Oper. Manag. 2009 27 233 246 10.1016/j.jom.2008.09.001 · DOI
  45. [54]Bragazzi N.L. Digital Technologies-Enabled Smart Manufacturing and Industry 4.0 in the Post-COVID-19 Era: Lessons Learnt from a Pandemic Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020 17 4785 10.3390/ijerph17134785 32635191 PMC7369937 · DOI
  46. [56]Bundy J. Pfarrer M.D. Short C.E. Coombs W.T. Crises and crisis management: Integration, interpretation, and research development J. Manag. 2017 43 1661 1692 10.1177/0149206316680030 · DOI
  47. [57]Ataseven C. Nair A. Assessment of supply chain integration and performance relationships: A meta-analytic investigation of the literature Int. J. Prod. Econ. 2017 185 252 265 10.1016/j.ijpe.2017.01.007 · DOI
  48. [58]Richard O.C. Wu J. Markoczy L.A. Chung Y. Top management team demographic-faultline strength and strategic change: What role does environmental dynamism play? Strat. Manag. J. 2019 40 987 1009 10.1002/smj.3009 · DOI
  49. [59]Yu W. Jacobs M.A. Chavez R. Yang J. Dynamism, disruption orientation, and resilience in the supply chain and the impacts on financial performance: A dynamic capabilities perspective Int. J. Prod. Econ. 2019 218 352 362 10.1016/j.ijpe.2019.07.013 · DOI
  50. [60]Alkahtani M. Omair M. Khalid Q.S. Hussain G. Ahmad I. Pruncu C. A covid-19 supply chain management strategy based on variable production under uncertain environment conditions Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021 18 1662 10.3390/ijerph18041662 33572380 PMC7916223 · DOI
  51. [61]Dubey R. Gunasekaran A. Childe S.J. Bryde D.J. Giannakis M. Foropon C. Roubaud D. Hazen B.T. Big data analytics and artificial intelligence pathway to operational performance under the effects of entrepreneurial orientation and environmental dynamism: A study of manufacturing organisations Int. J. Prod. Econ. 2020 226 107599 10.1016/j.ijpe.2019.107599 · DOI · Paper page
  52. [63]Dyer J.H. Singh H. The relational view: Cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage Acad. Manag. Rev. 1998 23 660 679 10.5465/amr.1998.1255632 · DOI
  53. [64]Ketokivi M. Avoiding bias and fallacy in survey research: A behavioral multilevel approach J. Oper. Manag. 2019 65 380 402 10.1002/joom.1011 · DOI
  54. [65]Abou-foul M. Ruiz-Alba J.L. Soares A. The impact of digitalization and servitization on the financial performance of a firm: An empirical analysis Prod. Plan. Control 2020 in press 10.1080/09537287.2020.1780508 · DOI
  55. [66]Porter M.E. Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industry and Competitors Free Press New York, NY, USA 1980
  56. [67]Wang C.L. Ahmed P.K. Dynamic capabilities: A review and research agenda Int. J. Manag. Rev. 2007 9 31 51 10.1111/j.1468-2370.2007.00201.x · DOI
  57. [68]Zhou K.Z. Li C.B. How strategic orientations influence the building of dynamic capability in emerging economies J. Bus. Res. 2010 63 224 231 10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.03.003 · DOI
  58. [69]Lin R.J. Chen R.H. Chiu K.K.S. Customer relationship management and innovation capability: An empirical study Ind. Manag. Data Syst. 2010 110 111 133 10.1108/02635571011008434 · DOI
  59. [71]Zhao X. Lynch J.G. Jr. Chen Q. Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and truths about mediation analysis J. Consum. Res. 2010 37 197 206 10.1086/651257 · DOI · Paper page
  60. [72]Preacher K.J. Hayes A.F. Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models Behav. Res. Methods 2008 40 879 891 10.3758/BRM.40.3.879 18697684 · DOI · Paper page
  61. [73]Zavala-Alcívar A. Verdecho M.-J. Alfaro-Saíz J.-J. A conceptual framework to manage resilience and increase sustainability in the supply chain Sustainability 2020 12 6300 10.3390/su12166300 · DOI
  62. [74]Ball G.P. Shah R. Wowak K.D. Product competition, managerial discretion, and manufacturing recalls in the US pharmaceutical industry J. Oper. Manag. 2018 58 59 72 10.1016/j.jom.2018.04.003 · DOI
  63. [75]Schröter M. Lay G. Manufacturers of medical technology: Servitization in regulated markets Servitization in Industry Springer Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany 2014 165 176
  64. [76]Chowdhury M.M.H. Quaddus M. Supply chain resilience: Conceptualization and scale development using dynamic capability theory Int. J. Prod. Econ. 2017 188 185 204 10.1016/j.ijpe.2017.03.020 · DOI
  65. [77]Marakhimov A. Joo J. Consumer adaptation and infusion of wearable devices for healthcare Comput. Hum. Behav. 2017 76 135 148 10.1016/j.chb.2017.07.016 · DOI
  66. [78]Han Z.-H. Chen X.-S. Zeng X.-M. Zhu Y. Yin M.-Y. Detecting proxy user based on communication behavior portrait Comput. J. 2019 62 1777 1792 10.1093/comjnl/bxz065 · DOI
  67. [79]Zhang W. Banerji S. Challenges of servitization: A systematic literature review Ind. Mark. Manag. 2017 65 217 227 10.1016/j.indmarman.2017.06.003 · DOI

Authors
Zhang, J., & Qi, L.
Affiliations
Harbin University of Science and Technology (CN)
Corresponding author
Qi, Liangqun
ORCID
Venue
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2021-05-20
Volume
18
Issue
10
Pages
5456
ISSN
1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/ijerph18105456
PMC
PMC8160672
OpenAlex
W3165752793
Cited by
42
References
79
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 2
FWCI
6.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72074062 and 71373061)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Supply Chain Resilience and Risk Management
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Service and Product Innovation
  • Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
Keywords
COVID-19 pandemic, crisis preparedness, organizational resilience, servitization, digitalization, organizational information processing theory, business growth, environmental dynamism, operational disruption, sustainable development
MeSH terms
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, China, Delivery of Health Care, Disease Outbreaks, Humans, Pandemics

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review