Description of Lifestyle, Including Social Life, Diet and Physical Activity, of People ≥90 years Living in Ikaria, a Longevity Blue Zone
Open accessAbstract
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted to describe the lifestyle of people ≥90 years, living in Evdilos or Raches, two municipalities of the Greek island of Ikaria, classified a longevity blue zone. The 71 participants were interviewed and underwent the Mediterranean Islands study food frequency questionnaire (MEDIS-FFQ) and the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ). The frequency of social contacts was daily for 77.9% of participants, weekly for 16.1%, and monthly for 5.9%. Most participants (90.0%) believed in God, and 81.4% took part in religious events. A total of 62.0% attended Panigiria festivals. Access to primary health care was considered difficult in the past for 66.2% of participants, while 22.1% felt that it remained difficult at the time of the survey. The level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet was 62.7% (61.6% in women and 64.0% in men). Physical activity levels were moderate or high for 71.8% of participants (59.5% of women and 85.3% of men). In conclusion, the participants had a very high level of family solidarity, social interaction and physical activity. The results concerning the Mediterranean diet are less convincing. It would be interesting to study the impact of these factors on the longevity of the oldest old aged people living in Ikaria.
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Blue Zones share common dietary, lifestyle, and social factors that contribute to the remarkable health and longevity of their residents.
“Despite their diverse cultural and environmental contexts, Blue Zones share common dietary, lifestyle, and social factors that contribute to the remarkable health and longevity of their residents [7,148,149,150,151,152].”
From The Power of Environment: A Comprehensive Review of the Exposome's Role in Healthy Aging, Longevity, and Preventive Medicine-Lessons from Blue Zones and Cilento (2025) · cites this paper as [151]
The Introduction and Conclusions describe diet, physical activity, and social life among people aged 90 or older in Ikaria. They do not establish that these factors are shared across Blue Zones; the Conclusions also call for a study to assess their impact on longevity, rather than finding that they contribute to it. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Sidossis, A. C., Tambalis, K. D., Itsiopoulos, C., Lawson, R., Beneka, A., Bird, R., Chatzinikola, C., Korovljev, D., Hutanu, E. M., Errington, L., et al. (2026) · American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine · doi:10.1177/15598276261441548
How to become a centenarian in four weeks?. Myths and limits of longevity recipes: a critical review
Poulain, M., & Herm, A. (2026) · Minerva Medica · doi:10.23736/s0026-4806.26.09890-3
Self-citationFastame, M. C., Brandas, B., Martis, C., & Pusceddu, S. (2026) · International Journal of Applied Positive Psychology · doi:10.1007/s41042-026-00313-w
Cardiovascular aging through the lens of Blue Zones
Imam, A., Rashidi, O., Apte, A. R. T., Ataran, A., Franco, A., & Javaheri, A. (2026) · The Journal of Cardiovascular Aging · doi:10.20517/jca.2026.01
- Authors
- Legrand, R., Nuemi, G., Poulain, M., & Manckoundia, P.
- Affiliations
- CHU Dijon Bourgogne (FR)
- Tallinn University (EE)
- Inserm (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Manckoundia, Patrick
- Venue
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2021-06-19
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 6602
- ISSN
- 1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8296328
- OpenAlex
- W3174899175
- Cited by
- 57
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 7.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Digital Access to Libraries (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutrition and Health Studies
- Keywords
- oldest old, Ikaria, Blue Zones, longevity, lifestyle, social life, diet, Mediterranean diet adherence, physical activity, religious participation, family solidarity, health care access, gender differences
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Life Style, Longevity, Male, Exercise, Diet, Mediterranean
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