Cited by 296Mental Health Treatment and AccessHealth and Well-being StudiesAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

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Anxiety, Depression and Quality of Life—A Systematic Review of Evidence from Longitudinal Observational Studies

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Hohls, Johanna Katharina, König, Hans-Helmut, Quirke, Eleanor, Hajek, André·2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

DOI 10.3390/ijerph182212022PMC PMC8621394

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Abstract

This review aimed to systematically review observational studies investigating the longitudinal association between anxiety, depression and quality of life (QoL). A systematic search of five electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, PSYNDEX, NHS EED and EconLit) as well as forward/backward reference searches were conducted to identify observational studies on the longitudinal association between anxiety, depression and QoL. Studies were synthesized narratively. Additionally, a random-effects meta-analysis was performed using studies applying the mental and physical summary scores (MCS, PCS) of the Short Form Health Survey. The review was prospectively registered with PROSPERO and a study protocol was published. n = 47 studies on heterogeneous research questions were included, with sample sizes ranging from n = 28 to 43,093. Narrative synthesis indicated that QoL was reduced before disorder onset, dropped further during the disorder and improved with remission. Before onset and after remission, QoL was lower in comparison to healthy comparisons. n = 8 studies were included in random-effects meta-analyses. The pooled estimates of QoL at follow-up (FU) were of small to large effect sizes and showed that QoL at FU differed by disorder status at baseline as well as by disorder course over time. Disorder course groups differed in their MCS scores at baseline. Effect sizes were generally larger for MCS relative to PCS. The results highlight the relevance of preventive measures and treatment. Future research should consider individual QoL domains, individual anxiety/depressive disorders as well as the course of both over time to allow more differentiated statements in a meta-analysis.

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Authors: Hohls, J. K., König, H.-H., Quirke, E., & Hajek, A.
Affiliations: University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (DE)
Corresponding author: Hajek, André
ORCID: Hohls, Johanna Katharina
König, Hans-Helmut
Quirke, Eleanor
Hajek, André
Venue: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Publisher: MDPI AG
Published: 2021-11-16
Volume: 18
Issue: 22
Pages: 12022
ISSN: 1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212022
PMC: PMC8621394
OpenAlex: W3213950460
Cited by: 296
References: 94
Citations by year: 2026: 67 · 2025: 98 · 2024: 67 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 22
FWCI: 5.15
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: University of Exeter
Universität Hamburg
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Health and Well-being Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: anxiety disorders, depression, quality of life, longitudinal associations, remission, mental health, physical health, Short Form Health Survey, preventive measures
MeSH terms: Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Depression, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Quality of Life

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Anxiety, Depression and Quality of Life—A Systematic Review of Evidence from Longitudinal Observational Studies

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