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Cited by 18LGBTQ Health, Identity, and PolicyAttachment and Relationship DynamicsPsychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction

Anxiety, attachment styles and life satisfaction in the polish LGBTQ+ Community

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Kardasz, Zofia, Gerymski, Rafał, Parker, Arkadiusz·2023·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
DOI 10.3390/ijerph20146392PMC PMC10379665
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Abstract

Poland is one of the most discriminatory places in Europe. The political situation, legal policies, and society's attitude towards people from the LGBTQ+ community in Poland clearly indicate the need to study the mental health and well-being of this group of individuals. Based on Meyer's minority stress theory, Bowlby's attachment theory, the Ainsworth attachment framework, Diener's subjective well-being model, and provided empirical evidence, this study examined the significance of attachment styles and anxiety as predictors of life satisfaction among the Polish LGBTQ+ community. It also explored the differences between LGBTQ+ and heterosexual individuals in the levels of tested variables. A total of 414 participants took part in this study, of whom most study participants were young adults (M = 24.50; SD = 6.94). Of those, 130 participants identified themselves as heterosexual, while 284 declared themselves members of the LGBTQ+ community. The Satisfaction with Life Scale, Plopa's Attachment Styles Questionnaire, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were used. Data demonstrate that anxiety and attachment styles were significant predictors of life satisfaction in the LGBTQ+ community. Moreover, LGBTQ+ individuals had higher non-secure attachment styles and anxiety scores, and lower life satisfaction scores in comparison to heterosexual individuals. The presented study is the first Polish study to test such relationships in the Polish LGBTQ+ community. It draws attention to lower life satisfaction among study participants representing the LGBTQ+ community in comparison to cisgender heterosexual individuals. This indicates that researchers, clinical specialists and practitioners should try to improve the levels of subjective well-being in Polish LGBTQ+ individuals, for example, through psychoeducational and supportive programs. In addition, the presented results highlight the possible important role of attachment styles in the functioning of the presented group.

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  1. [24]Plopa M. Kwestionariusz Stylów Przywiązaniowych (KSP) Vizja Press & IT Warszawa, Poland 2008

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Authors
Kardasz, Z., Gerymski, R., & Parker, A.
Affiliations
  • University of Opole (PL)
  • PROMENADA Foundation, 45-753 Opole, Poland
Corresponding author
Gerymski, Rafał
ORCID
Venue
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2023-07-19
Volume
20
Issue
14
Pages
6392
ISSN
1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/ijerph20146392
PMC
PMC10379665
OpenAlex
W4384821340
Cited by
18
References
32
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9
FWCI
5.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Funders
Uniwersytet Opolski
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
Keywords
anxiety, attachment styles, life satisfaction, LGBTQ+ people, minority stress, subjective well-being, heterosexual comparison, Poland
MeSH terms
Sexual and Gender Minorities, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Humans, Personal Satisfaction, Poland, Young Adult

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