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Cited by 33Dermatology and Skin DiseasesContact Dermatitis and AllergiesAsthma and respiratory diseases

Immunological pathomechanisms of spongiotic dermatitis in skin lesions of atopic dermatitis

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Tanei, Ryoji, Hasegawa, Yasuko·2022·International Journal of Molecular Sciences
DOI 10.3390/ijms23126682PMC PMC9223609
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Abstract

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic pruritic skin disease with a complex pathogenesis underlying its heterogeneous clinical phenotypes and endotypes. The skin manifestation of AD reflects the cytokine milieu of a type-2-dominant immunity axis induced by genetic predisposition, innate immunity dysregulation, epidermal barrier defects, and allergic inflammation. However, the detailed pathomechanism of eczematous dermatitis, which is the principal characteristic of AD, remains unclear. This review examines previous studies demonstrating research progress in this area and considers the immunological pathomechanism of “spongiotic dermatitis”, which is the histopathological hallmark of eczematous dermatitis. Studies in this field have revealed the importance of IgE-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity, the Fas/Fas-ligand system, and cell-mediated cytotoxicity in inducing the apoptosis of keratinocytes in spongiotic dermatitis. Recent studies have demonstrated that, together with infiltrating CD4 T cells, IgE-expressing dendritic cells (i.e., inflammatory dendritic epidermal cells and Langerhans cells) that capture specific allergens (i.e., house dust mites) are present in the spongiotic epidermis of lichenified eczema in patients with IgE-allergic AD. These findings suggest that IgE-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of spongiotic dermatitis in the skin lesions of AD.

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  • The presence of IgEs specific to certain allergens plays a role in the development of eczematous dermatitis resulting from IgE-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity, functioning primarily as an amplifier of other factors involved in the pathogenesis of AD.

    “However, the presence of IgEs specific to certain allergens plays a role in the development of eczematous dermatitis resulting from IgE-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity, functioning primarily as an amplifier of other factors involved in the pathogenesis of AD.79, 80”

    From Update on the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. (2024) · cites this paper as [79]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Tanei, R., & Hasegawa, Y.
Affiliations
Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology (JP)
Corresponding author
Tanei, Ryoji
ORCID
Tanei, Ryoji
Venue
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2022-06-15
Volume
23
Issue
12
Pages
6682
ISSN
1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/ijms23126682
PMC
PMC9223609
OpenAlex
W4282980032
Cited by
33
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2
FWCI
1.11
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatology and Skin Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Contact Dermatitis and Allergies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Asthma and respiratory diseases
Keywords
atopic dermatitis, spongiotic dermatitis, eczematous dermatitis, Fas/Fas ligand, keratinocyte apoptosis, dendritic epidermal T cells, Langerhans cells, house dust mite allergy, Th2 immune response, CD4+ T cells, skin barrier dysfunction, allergic inflammation
MeSH terms
Allergens, Chronic Disease, Dermatitis, Atopic, Eczema, Humans, Hypersensitivity, Immunoglobulin E

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