Spent Yeast Waste Streams as a Sustainable Source of Bioactive Peptides for Skin Applications
Open accessAbstract
Spent yeast waste streams are a byproduct obtained from fermentation process and have been shown to be a rich secondary source of bioactive compounds such as phenolic compounds and peptides. The latter are of particular interest for skin care and cosmetics as they have been shown to be safe and hypoallergenic while simultaneously being able to exert various effects upon the epidermis modulating immune response and targeting skin metabolites, such as collagen production. As the potential of spent yeast’s peptides has been mainly explored for food-related applications, this work sought to understand if peptide fractions previously extracted from fermentation engineered spent yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) waste streams possess biological potential for skin-related applications. To that end, cytotoxic effects on HaCat and HDFa cells and whether they were capable of exerting a positive effect upon the production of skin metabolites relevant for skin health, such as collagen, hyaluronic acid, fibronectin and elastin, were evaluated. The results showed that the peptide fractions assayed were not cytotoxic up to the highest concentration tested (500 µg/mL) for both cell lines tested. Furthermore, all peptide fractions showed a capacity to modulate the various target metabolites production with an overall positive effect being observed for the four fractions over the six selected targets (pro-collagen IαI, hyaluronic acid, fibronectin, cytokeratin-14, elastin, and aquaporin-9). Concerning the evaluated fractions, the overall best performance (Gpep > 1 kDa) was of an average promotion of 41.25% over the six metabolites and two cell lines assessed at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. These results showed that the peptide fractions assayed in this work have potential for future applications in skin-related products at relatively low concentrations, thus providing an alternative solution for one of the fermentation industry’s waste streams and creating a novel and highly valuable bioactive ingredient with encompassing activity to be applied in future skin care formulations.
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All peptide fractions showed a positive effect in the modulation of various cosmetically relevant metabolites (pro-collagen IαI, hyaluronic acid, fibronectin, cytokeratin-14, elastin, and aquaporin-9).
“Moreover, all peptide fractions showed a positive effect in the modulation of various cosmetically relevant metabolites (pro-collagen IαI, hyaluronic acid, fibronectin, cytokeratin-14, elastin, and aquaporin-9) [110].”
From Use of Waste from the Food Industry and Applications of the Fermentation Process to Create Sustainable Cosmetic Products: A Review (2024) · cites this paper as [110]
The Results (§2.4; page unavailable) report that all fractions increased hyaluronic acid production in HDFa cells, but all significantly reduced it in HaCat cells. The Results (§2.7; page unavailable) also report that only three of four fractions increased elastin production. The fractions therefore showed beneficial effects on some measured outcomes, but not consistently across the listed metabolites and conditions. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredBy-products from the fermentation process can be applied as a sustainable and rich secondary source of bioactives with skincare potential, such as phenolic compounds and peptides.
“The latest research by Costa et al. revealed that also by-products from the fermentation process can be applied as a sustainable and rich secondary source of bioactives with skincare potential, such as phenolic compounds and peptides.”
From Use of Waste from the Food Industry and Applications of the Fermentation Process to Create Sustainable Cosmetic Products: A Review (2024) · cites this paper as [110]
The Introduction identifies fermentation-derived spent yeast waste streams as a bioactive-rich source of peptides, and the Discussion reports that the tested peptide fractions have potential for future cosmetic applications. The body text does not establish the claim about phenolic compounds or fermentation by-products generally; its evidence concerns spent yeast peptides. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPeptide fractions from engineered spent yeast waste streams were not cytotoxic even at the highest concentration for human keratinocytes and primary dermal fibroblasts.
“The results showed that the obtained peptide fractions had potential as possible future solutions for cosmetic applications, as they were not cytotoxic even at the highest concentration for the tested cell lines, namely human keratinocytes and primary dermal fibroblasts.”
From Use of Waste from the Food Industry and Applications of the Fermentation Process to Create Sustainable Cosmetic Products: A Review (2024) · cites this paper as [110]
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- Authors
- Costa, E. M., Oliveira, A. S., Silva, S., Ribeiro, A. B., Pereira, C. F., Ferreira, C., Casanova, F., Pereira, J. O., Freixo, R., Pintado, M. E., Carvalho, A. P., & Ramos, Ó. L.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa (PT)
- Corresponding author
- Costa, Eduardo M.
- Ramos, Óscar L.
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2023-01-23
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 2253
- ISSN
- 1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9916692
- OpenAlex
- W4317907721
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 3
- FWCI
- 2.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (UIDB/50016/2020, POCI-01-0247-FEDER-027578)
- AICEP (UIDB/50016/2020, POCI-01-0247-FEDER-027578)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Wound Healing and Treatments
- Keywords
- bioactive peptides, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, fermentation by-products, skin care, collagen synthesis, hyaluronic acid, fibronectin, elastin, cytotoxicity, HaCaT keratinocytes, AQP9, keratin 14, peptide fractionation
- MeSH terms
- Elastin, Fibronectins, Hyaluronic Acid, Peptides, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Skin
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