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Cited by 52Breast Cancer Treatment StudiesCancer Genomics and DiagnosticsBioinformatics and Genomic Networks

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 201 of the 201 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Omics Technologies Improving Breast Cancer Research and Diagnostics

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Orsini, Arianna, Diquigiovanni, Chiara, Bonora, Elena·2023·International Journal of Molecular Sciences
DOI 10.3390/ijms241612690PMC PMC10454385
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Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) has yielded approximately 2.26 million new cases and has caused nearly 685,000 deaths worldwide in the last two years, making it the most common diagnosed cancer type in the world. BC is an intricate ecosystem formed by both the tumor microenvironment and malignant cells, and its heterogeneity impacts the response to treatment. Biomedical research has entered the era of massive omics data thanks to the high-throughput sequencing revolution, quick progress and widespread adoption. These technologies—liquid biopsy, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, metabolomics, pharmaco-omics and artificial intelligence imaging—could help researchers and clinicians to better understand the formation and evolution of BC. This review focuses on the findings of recent multi-omics-based research that has been applied to BC research, with an introduction to every omics technique and their applications for the different BC phenotypes, biomarkers, target therapies, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis, to provide a comprehensive overview of the possibilities of BC research.

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Figure 1 BC subgroups are based on molecular and histological characteristics. Luminal BC is an ER-positive, PR-positive, HER2-negative tumor type with low levels of the proliferation marker Ki67. The tumor has a good prognosis and a modest rate of growth. The tumor luminal BC has high levels of Ki67, which accelerates its growth. It is ER-positive, PR-positive and HER2-negative or -positive. This suggests a less favorable prognosis than forms indicated in luminal A. HER2-enriched or positive carcinoma has a poor prognosis, is more aggressive than luminal BC and is ER-negative, PR-negative and HER2-positive. Drugs that specifically target the HER2 protein can successfully treat it. One of the more aggressive subtypes of BC is triple-negative or basal BC, which lacks the expression of the ER, PR and HER2 proteins.
Figure 1 BC subgroups are based on molecular and histological characteristics. Luminal BC is an ER-positive, PR-positive, HER2-negative tumor type with low levels of the proliferation marker Ki67. The tumor has a good prognosis and a modest rate of growth. The tumor luminal BC has high levels of Ki67, which accelerates its growth. It is ER-positive, PR-positive and HER2-negative or -positive. This suggests a less favorable prognosis than forms indicated in luminal A. HER2-enriched or positive carcinoma has a poor prognosis, is more aggressive than luminal BC and is ER-negative, PR-negative and HER2-positive. Drugs that specifically target the HER2 protein can successfully treat it. One of the more aggressive subtypes of BC is triple-negative or basal BC, which lacks the expression of the ER, PR and HER2 proteins.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Overview of the multi-omics technologies that we describe in the following sections. These technologies could be invasive or non-invasive for patients and the analysis could start from surgical specimens or imaging of the tumor.
Figure 2 Overview of the multi-omics technologies that we describe in the following sections. These technologies could be invasive or non-invasive for patients and the analysis could start from surgical specimens or imaging of the tumor.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Metadata

Authors
Orsini, A., Diquigiovanni, C., & Bonora, E.
Affiliations
University of Bologna (IT)
Corresponding author
Diquigiovanni, Chiara
ORCID
Venue
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2023-08-11
Volume
24
Issue
16
Pages
12690
ISSN
1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/ijms241612690
PMC
PMC10454385
OpenAlex
W4385769695
Cited by
52
References
201
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 1
FWCI
1.64
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Breast Cancer Treatment Studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
Keywords
breast cancer, multi-omics, liquid biopsy, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, metabolomics, tumor microenvironment, tumor heterogeneity, biomarkers, targeted therapy, prognosis, diagnosis
MeSH terms
Artificial Intelligence, Humans, Neoplasms, Research Personnel, Ecosystem, Biomedical Research, Epigenomics

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