The Use of Lactide Polymers in Bone Tissue Regeneration in Dentistry—A Systematic Review
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(1) Background: Different compositions of biodegradable materials are being investigated to successfully replace non-resorbable ones in bone tissue regeneration in dental surgery. The systematic review tried to address the question, “Can biodegradable polymers act as a replacement for conventional materials in dental surgery procedures?” (2) Methods: An electronic search of the PubMed and Scopus databases was conducted in October 2022. The following keywords were used: (lactide polymers) and (hydroxyapatite or fluorapatite) and (dentistry) and (regeneration). Initially, 59 studies were found. Forty-one studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. (3) Results: These usually improved the properties and induced osteogenesis, tissue mineralisation and bone regeneration by inducing osteoblast proliferation. Five studies showed higher induction of osteogenesis in the case of biomaterials, UV-HAp/PLLA, ALBO-OS, bioresorbable raw particulate hydroxyapatite/poly-L-lactide and PLGA/Hap, compared to conventional materials such as titanium. Four studies confirmed improvement in tissue mineralisation with the usage of biomaterials: hydroxyapatite/polylactic acid (HA/PLA) loaded with dog’s dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), Coll/HAp/PLCL, PDLLA/VACNT-O:nHAp, incorporation of hydroxyapatite and simvastatin. Three studies showed an acceleration in proliferation of osteoblasts for the use of biomaterials with additional factors such as collagen and UV light. (4) Conclusions: Lactide polymers present higher osteointegration and cell proliferation rate than the materials compared. They are superior to non-biodegradable materials in terms of the biocompability, bone remodelling and healing time tests. Moreover, because there is no need of reoperation, as the material automatically degrades, the chance of scars and skin sclerosis is lower. However, more studies involving greater numbers of biomaterial types and mixes need to be performed in order to find a perfect biodegradable material.
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Advances in polymer science allow precise control of monomer and molecular weight ratios during PLCL synthesis, enabling customization of its degradation rate, mechanical strength, and cellular interactions.
“Advances in polymer science have allowed precise control of the monomer and molecular weight ratios during PLCL synthesis, enabling customization of its degradation rate, mechanical strength, and cellular interactions to meet specific biomedical needs [9, 10].”
From Application of PLCL as a biodegradable polymer in biomedical engineering (2026) · cites this paper as [9]
The Introduction (page unavailable) says the ratio of glycolide to lactic units affects PLGA degradation and that PLA stereoisomers differ in mechanical properties. The Results and Discussion mention PLCL-containing materials and cell adhesion, but the cited review does not establish that controlling monomer and molecular-weight ratios during PLCL synthesis customizes all three claimed properties. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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Application of PLCL as a biodegradable polymer in biomedical engineering
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“Advances in polymer science have allowed precise control of the monomer and molecular weight ratios during PLCL synthesis, enabling customization of its degradation rate, mechanical strength, and cellular interactions to meet speci fi c biomedical needs [9, 10].”
- Authors
- Rajewska, J., Kowalski, J., Matys, J., Dobrzyński, M., & Wiglusz, R. J.
- Affiliations
- Wroclaw Medical University (PL)
- Włodzimierz Trzebiatowski Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research (PL)
- Corresponding author
- Matys, Jacek
- Dobrzyński, Maciej
- Wiglusz, Rafal J.
- Venue
- Journal of Functional Biomaterials
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2023-01-31
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 83
- ISSN
- 2079-4983 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9961440
- OpenAlex
- W4318775910
- Cited by
- 20
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 2
- FWCI
- 0.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Functional Biomaterials (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Science Centre Poland (NCN) (UMO-2021/43/B/ST5/02960)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Oral Surgery › Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
- Keywords
- bone regeneration, dental surgery, biodegradable polymers, hydroxyapatite, poly(L-lactic acid), polyglycolic acid, bone formation, osteoblast proliferation, dental pulp stem cells, bone graft substitutes, bone remodeling
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