Cited by 375Marine Toxins and Detection MethodsBotulinum Toxin and Related Neurological DisordersVibrio bacteria research studies

Neurotoxins from Marine Dinoflagellates: A Brief Review

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Wang, Da-Zhi·2008·Marine Drugs

Abstract

Dinoflagellates are not only important marine primary producers and grazers, but also the major causative agents of harmful algal blooms. It has been reported that many dinoflagellate species can produce various natural toxins. These toxins can be extremely toxic and many of them are effective at far lower dosages than conventional chemical agents. Consumption of seafood contaminated by algal toxins results in various seafood poisoning syndromes: paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP), neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP), amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP), diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP), ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) and azaspiracid shellfish poisoning (ASP). Most of these poisonings are caused by neurotoxins which present themselves with highly specific effects on the nervous system of animals, including humans, by interfering with nerve impulse transmission. Neurotoxins are a varied group of compounds, both chemically and pharmacologically. They vary in both chemical structure and mechanism of action, and produce very distinct biological effects, which provides a potential application of these toxins in pharmacology and toxicology. This review summarizes the origin, structure and clinical symptoms of PSP, NSP, CFP, AZP, yessotoxin and palytoxin produced by marine dinoflagellates, as well as their molecular mechanisms of action on voltage-gated ion channels.

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Crossref · 10.3390/md6020349

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Authors
Wang, D.-Z.
Affiliations
Xiamen University (CN)
Corresponding author
Wang, Da-Zhi
Venue
Marine Drugs
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2008-06-11
Volume
6
Issue
2
Pages
349-371
ISSN
1660-3397 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4211061702
Cited by
375
References
97
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 16
FWCI
13.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Marine Drugs (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (40376032, 40476053)
  • Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China
  • Xiamen University
  • Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Marine Toxins and Detection Methods
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Vibrio bacteria research studies
Keywords
harmful algal blooms, paralytic shellfish poisoning, neurotoxic shellfish poisoning, amnesic shellfish poisoning, diarrheic shellfish poisoning, ciguatera, yessotoxin, palytoxin, voltage-gated ion channels, seafood poisoning
MeSH terms
Polyether Toxins, Acrylamides, Animals, Cnidarian Venoms, Dinoflagellida, Humans, Ion Channels, Marine Toxins, Mollusk Venoms, Neurotoxins, Paralysis, Spiro Compounds, Ion Channel Gating, Neurotoxicity Syndromes, Oxocins, Ciguatera Poisoning, Shellfish Poisoning

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