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Cited by 234Plant-Microbe Interactions and ImmunityHeavy metals in environmentChromium effects and bioremediation

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Rhizosphere Microbial Communities and Heavy Metals

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Barra Caracciolo, Anna, Terenzi, Valentina·2021·Microorganisms
DOI 10.3390/microorganisms9071462PMC PMC8307176
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Abstract

The rhizosphere is a microhabitat where there is an intense chemical dialogue between plants and microorganisms. The two coexist and develop synergistic actions, which can promote plants’ functions and productivity, but also their capacity to respond to stress conditions, including heavy metal (HM) contamination. If HMs are present in soils used for agriculture, there is a risk of metal uptake by edible plants with subsequent bioaccumulation in humans and animals and detrimental consequences for their health. Plant productivity can also be negatively affected. Many bacteria have defensive mechanisms for resisting heavy metals and, through various complex processes, can improve plant response to HM stress. Bacteria-plant synergic interactions in the rhizosphere, as a homeostatic ecosystem response to HM disturbance, are common in soil. However, this is hard to achieve in agroecosystems managed with traditional practices, because concentrating on maximizing crop yield does not make it possible to establish rhizosphere interactions. Improving knowledge of the complex interactions mediated by plant exudates and secondary metabolites can lead to nature-based solutions for plant health in HM contaminated soils. This paper reports the main ecotoxicological effects of HMs and the various compounds (including several secondary metabolites) produced by plant-microorganism holobionts for removing, immobilizing and containing toxic elements.

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Metadata

Authors
Barra Caracciolo, A., & Terenzi, V.
Affiliations
  • Water Research Institute, National Research Council, 00010 Rome, Italy
  • Water Research Institute (IT)
ORCID
Barra Caracciolo, Anna
Venue
Microorganisms
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2021-07-08
Volume
9
Issue
7
Pages
1462
ISSN
2076-2607 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/microorganisms9071462
PMC
PMC8307176
OpenAlex
W3182426461
Cited by
234
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 37 · 2025: 56 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 50 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 3
FWCI
3.36
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Microorganisms (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Heavy metals in environment
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Chromium effects and bioremediation
Keywords
rhizosphere, heavy metals, plant-microbe interactions, rhizosphere bacteria, heavy metal stress, plant exudates, secondary metabolites, metal bioaccumulation, metal immobilization, metal resistance mechanisms, nature-based solutions, agroecosystems, ecotoxicology

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Rhizosphere Microbial Communities and Heavy Metals. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3390/microorganisms9071462
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Barra Caracciolo, A., & Terenzi, V. (2021). Rhizosphere Microbial Communities and Heavy Metals. Microorganisms. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9071462