Stability of sunscreens containing CePO4: Proposal for a new inorganic UV filter
Open accessAbstract
Inorganic UV filters have become attractive because of their role in protecting the skin from the damage caused by continuous exposure to the sun. However, their large refractive index and high photocatalytic activity have led to the development of alternative inorganic materials such as CePO4 for application as UV filters. This compound leaves a low amount of white residue on the skin and is highly stable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical stability of a cosmetic formulation containing ordinary organic UV filters combined with 5% CePO4, and, to compare it with other formulations containing the same vehicle with 5% TiO2 or ZnO as inorganic materials. The rheological behavior and chemical stability of the formulations containing these different UV filters were investigated. Results showed that the formulation containing CePO4 is a promising innovative UV filter due to its low interaction with organic filters, which culminates in longer shelf life when compared with traditional formulations containing ZnO or TiO2 filters. Moreover, the recognized ability of CePO4 to leave a low amount of white residue on the skin combined with great stability, suggests that CePO4 can be used as inorganic filter in high concentrations, affording formulations with high SPF values.
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Cerium phosphate (CePO4) has high photocatalytic activity, low amount of white residue when applied on the skin, and increased stability.
“Similarly to CeO2, CePO4 was described for possessing high photocatalytic activity, low amount of white residue when applied on the skin, and increased stability [129].”
From UV Filters: Challenges and Prospects (2022) · cites this paper as [129]
The Introduction says CePO4 has reduced catalytic and photocatalytic activities, contrary to the claim that its photocatalytic activity is high. The Abstract and Conclusions support the other two properties: low white residue on skin and high stability. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredCePO4 shows low interaction in formulation when combined with organic UV filters.
“The results revealed low interaction in formulation when combined with organic UV filters.”
From UV Filters: Challenges and Prospects (2022) · cites this paper as [129]
CePO4 is a potential future novel, stable, and efficient inorganic UV filter.
“Therefore, CePO4 is a potential future novel, stable, and efficient inorganic UV filter [129].”
From UV Filters: Challenges and Prospects (2022) · cites this paper as [129]
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NAVIGATING THE CHALLENGES AND CONTROVERSIES IN SUNSCREEN: A REVIEW
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- Authors
- Seixas, V., & Serra, O.
- Affiliations
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Serra, Osvaldo
- ORCID
- Serra, Osvaldo
- Venue
- Molecules
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2014-07-09
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 9907-9925
- ISSN
- 1420-3049 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6271536
- OpenAlex
- W2118290796
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 1.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecules (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Institut National d'assurance Maladie-Invalidité
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Inorganic Chemistry › Pigment Synthesis and Properties
- Keywords
- cerium phosphate, inorganic UV filters, sunscreen, chemical stability, rheological properties, shelf life, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, organic UV filters, sun protection factor, cosmetic formulation
- MeSH terms
- Cerium, Phosphates, Rheology, Sunscreening Agents, Ultraviolet Rays
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