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Lactoferrin in Aseptic and Septic Inflammation
Open accessAbstract
Lactoferrin (Lf), a cationic glycoprotein able to chelate two ferric irons per molecule, is synthesized by exocrine glands and neutrophils. Since the first anti-microbial function attributed to Lf, several activities have been discovered, including the relevant anti-inflammatory one, especially associated to the down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as IL-6. As high levels of IL-6 are involved in iron homeostasis disorders, Lf is emerging as a potent regulator of iron and inflammatory homeostasis. Here, the role of Lf against aseptic and septic inflammation has been reviewed. In particular, in the context of aseptic inflammation, as anemia of inflammation, preterm delivery, Alzheimer’s disease and type 2 diabetes, Lf administration reduces local and/or systemic inflammation. Moreover, Lf oral administration, by decreasing serum IL-6, reverts iron homeostasis disorders. Regarding septic inflammation occurring in Chlamydia trachomatis infection, cystic fibrosis and inflammatory bowel disease, Lf, besides the anti-inflammatory activity, exerts a significant activity against bacterial adhesion, invasion and colonization. Lastly, a critical analysis of literature in vitro data reporting contradictory results on the Lf role in inflammatory processes, ranging from pro- to anti-inflammatory activity, highlighted that they depend on cell models, cell metabolic status, stimulatory or infecting agents as well as on Lf iron saturation degree, integrity and purity.
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“In addition to its role in scavenging iron, lactoferrin, through binding to its cognate receptor, promotes the maturation, migration and cell proliferation of many immune cells including macrophages and monocytes which impact on the efficacy of host responses in the course of infections (Actor et al., 2009; Legrand, 2012; Lepanto et al., 2019).”
From The Role of Iron Regulation in Immunometabolism and Immune-Related Disease (2019) · cites this paper as Lepanto et al., 2019
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lepanto, M. S., Rosa, L., Paesano, R., Valenti, P., & Cutone, A.
- Affiliations
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Microbo S.R.L., 00153 Rome, Italy
- University of Molise (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Cutone, Antimo
- Venue
- Molecules
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2019-04-03
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1323
- ISSN
- 1420-3049 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6480387
- OpenAlex
- W2935579023
- Cited by
- 147
- References
- 240
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 6
- FWCI
- 3.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecules (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi del Molise (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Sapienza Università di Roma
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Infant Nutrition and Health
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Keywords
- lactoferrin, sterile inflammation, septic inflammation, interleukin-6, iron homeostasis, anti-inflammatory activity, anemia of chronic disease, preterm birth, Alzheimer's disease, type 2 diabetes, Chlamydia trachomatis infection, cystic fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease, bacterial adhesion, iron saturation
- MeSH terms
- Anemia, Animals, Anti-Infective Agents, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Humans, Inflammation, Iron, Lactoferrin, Biomarkers, Sepsis
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