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Cited by 181Innovative Human-Technology InteractionHuman Behavior and MotivationUsability and User Interface Design

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 73 of the 74 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Beyond Maslow’s Pyramid: Introducing a Typology of Thirteen Fundamental Needs for Human-Centered Design

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Desmet, Pieter, Fokkinga, Steven·2020·Multimodal Technologies and Interaction
DOI 10.3390/mti4030038
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Abstract

This paper introduces a design-focused typology of psychological human needs that includes 13 fundamental needs and 52 sub-needs (four for each fundamental need). The typology was developed to provide a practical understanding of psychological needs as a resource for user-centered design practice and research with a focus on user experience and well-being. The first part of the manuscript briefly reviews Abraham Maslow’s pioneering work on human needs, and the underlying propositions, main contributions and limitations of his motivational theory. The review results in a set of requirements for a design-focused typology of psychological needs. The second part reports on the development of the new typology. The thirteen needs were selected from six existing typologies with the use of five criteria that distinguish fundamental from non-fundamental needs. The resulting typology builds on the strengths of Maslow’s need hierarchy but rejects the hierarchical structure and adds granularity to the need categories. The third part of the paper describes three examples of how the need typology can inform design practice, illustrated with student design cases. It also presents three means for communicating the need typology. The general discussion section reflects on implications and limitations and proposes ideas for future research.

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Hassenzahl, M., and Diefenbach, S. (2012, January 11–12). Well-being, need fulfillment, and experience design. Proceedings of the DIS 2012 Workshop Designing Wellbeing, Newcastle, UK.
  2. Berl, 1984, Industrial salesforce motivation: A critique and test of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, J. Pers. Sell. Sales Manag., 4, 32
  3. Lucero, A., and Arrasvuori, J. (2020, January 15–17). PLEX Cards: A source of inspiration when designing for playfulness. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Fun and Games, Leuven, Belgium.

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Metadata

Authors
Desmet, P., & Fokkinga, S.
Affiliations
Delft University of Technology (NL)
Corresponding author
Desmet, Pieter
ORCID
Venue
Multimodal Technologies and Interaction
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2020-07-07
Volume
4
Issue
3
Pages
38
ISSN
2414-4088 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/mti4030038
OpenAlex
W3040037821
Cited by
181
References
74
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 3
FWCI
17.69
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Multimodal Technologies and Interaction (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Research Repository (Delft University of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (453-16-009)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Innovative Human-Technology Interaction
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Human Behavior and Motivation
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Usability and User Interface Design
Keywords
psychological needs, Maslow's hierarchy of needs, human-centered design, user-centered design, user experience, well-being, fundamental human needs, motivation theories, design practice

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