The dietary total-fat content affects the in vivo circulating C15:0 and C17:0 fatty acid levels independently
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Abstract
Pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) and heptadecanoic acid (C17:0) have been described as dietary biomarkers of dairy-fat consumption, with varying degrees of reliability between studies. It remains unclear how the total amount of dietary fat, representing one of the main confounding factors in these biomarker investigations, affects C15:0 and C17:0 circulating concentrations independent of their relative intake. Additionally, it is not clear how changes in the dietary total-fat affects other fatty acids in circulation. Through two dietary studies with different total-fat levels but maintaining identical fatty acid compositions, we were able to see how the dietary total-fat affects the fatty acids in circulation. We saw that there was a statistically significant, proportionate, and robust decrease in the endogenous C15:0 levels with an increase in dietary total-fat. However, there was no significant change in the circulating C17:0 concentrations as the total-fat increased. To conclude, the dietary total-fat content and fat-type have a very complex influence on the relative compositions of circulating fatty acids, which are independent of the actual dietary fatty acid composition. Knowing how to manipulate circulating C15:0 and C17:0 concentrations is far-reaching in nutritional/pathological research as they highlight a dietary route to attenuate the development of metabolic disease (both by reducing risk and improving prognosis).
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Except for differences in fecal FFA pentadecanoic acid, an odd-chain SFA present in dairy fat and not synthesized in vivo, no other fecal FFA or total fecal fat concentrations were statistically significantly different between diets.
“However, except for differences in fecal FFA pentadecanoic acid, an odd-chain SFA present in dairy fat and not synthesized in vivo (41), no other fecal FFA or total fecal fat concentrations were statistically significantly different between diets.”
From Eucaloric diets enriched in palm olein, cocoa butter, and soybean oil did not differentially affect liver fat concentration in healthy participants: a 16-week randomized controlled trial. (2021) · cites this paper as [41]
The Introduction identifies pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) as an odd-chain fatty acid associated with dairy-fat intake and says endogenous lipogenesis causes no notable variation in its levels. The Discussion says C15:0 appears to come directly from the diet, but does not establish the absolute claim that it is not synthesized in vivo. Citation (41) is attached to this description, not to the sentence’s findings about fecal fat. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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- Authors
- Jenkins, B., Aoun, M., Feillet-Coudray, C., Coudray, C., Ronis, M., & Koulman, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Université de Montpellier (FR)
- DMEM, INRA, Univ. Montpellier, 34060 Montpellier, France
- Louisiana State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Koulman, Albert
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2018-11-03
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1646
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6266905
- OpenAlex
- W2898645210
- Cited by
- 29
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 3.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Preprints.org (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Apollo (University of Cambridge) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Apollo (cc-by)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council (UD99999906, G0800783)
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (ACNC-USDA-CRIS 6251-51000-005-03S)
- European Cooperation in Science and Technology (CM0603)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Keywords
- pentadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, circulating fatty acids, endogenous fatty acid synthesis, dietary biomarkers, metabolic disorders, fatty acid composition
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Diet, Dietary Fats, Fatty Acids, Male, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Biomarkers, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Rats, Wistar, Rats
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