Learning to drive safely: reasonable expectations and future directions for the learner period
Open accessAbstract
The young driver problem is typified by high crash rates early in licensure that decline with experience, but are higher initially and decline more slowly for the youngest novices. Despite considerable effort, only Graduated Driver Licensing System (GDLS) policies have been shown to improve novice young driver safety outcomes. Unfortunately, GDLS policies are mostly limited to countries with a relatively young licensure age. Meanwhile, it is not entirely clear how GDLS and other young driver transportation safety efforts, including driver training and testing, supervised practice and parental management of young drivers, can best be configured. Notably, professional training can foster improvements in vehicle management skills that are necessary, but do not assure safe driving behavior. Substantial recent research has focused on training methods to improve driving skills, but the safety benefits of driver training have not been established. While prolonged practice driving increases experience and provides supervisors with opportunities to prepare novices for independent driving, the transition to independent driving challenges novices to employ, on their own, poorly-mastered skills under unfamiliar and complex driving conditions. Licensing policies and parental management practices can limit the complexity of driving conditions while novices gain needed driving experience. Nevertheless, an emerging body of literature suggests that future advances in training and supervision of novice teenage drivers might best focus on the translation of learning to independent driving by fostering safe driving attitudes and norms, judgment, dedicated attention to driving tasks and self-control at the wheel.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Teen crashes stem from inexperience and risk-taking rather than ignorance of road rules.
“Research indicates that teen crashes stem from inexperience and risk-taking rather than ignorance of road rules. [40]”
From Assessing the American public's preferences for reforms to teen driving licensure systems: a discrete choice experiment (2026) · cites this paper as [40]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The role of deliberate practice in the acquisition of expert performance
Ericsson, K. A., Krampe, R. T., & Tesch-Römer, C. (1993) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.100.3.363 · Cited by 9,564 · cited 5× · see citing works
“Rep tition alone may be more likely to develop complacency than expertise, but when practice is dyna ic, occurring in a variety of contexts, and paired with feedback and consequences, maximal improvement in performance can be achieved [13].”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Cambridge Handbook of Expertise and Expert Performance
Ericsson, K. A., Charness, N. H., Feltovich, P. J., Hoffman, R. R., Michelene, T. H., Hunt, E., Prietula, M. J., Amirault, R. J., Branson, R. K., Buchanan, B. G., et al. (2006) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511816796 · Cited by 3,160 · see citing works
Peers increase adolescent risk taking by enhancing activity in the brain’s reward circuitry
Chein, J., Albert, D., O’Brien, L., Uckert, K., & Steinberg, L. (2011) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.01035.x · Cited by 1,180 · cited 1× · see citing works
“However, there is little question that relative to adults, adolescents are more willing to accept risk, have less cognitive control and are more sensitive to social reward and peer influence [49,50].”
BackgroundRisk taking in adolescence: What changes, and why?
STEINBERG, L. (2004) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1308.005 · Cited by 963 · see citing works
Distracted Driving and Risk of Road Crashes among Novice and Experienced Drivers
Klauer, S. G., Guo, F., Simons-Morton, B. G., Ouimet, M. C., Lee, S. E., & Dingus, T. A. (2014) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsa1204142 · Cited by 801 · see citing works
Self-citationChanges in collision rates among novice drivers during the first months of driving
Mayhew, D. R., Simpson, H. M., & Pak, A. (2003) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/s0001-4575(02)00047-7 · Cited by 557 · see citing works
Young novice drivers: careless or clueless?
McKnight, A. E., & McKnight, A. S. (2003) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/s0001-4575(02)00100-8 · Cited by 532 · see citing works
The observed effects of teenage passengers on the risky driving behavior of teenage drivers
Simons-Morton, B., Lerner, N., & Singer, J. (2005) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2005.04.014 · Cited by 446 · see citing works
Understanding Driving: Applying Cognitive Psychology to a Complex Everyday Task
Groeger, J. A. (2000) · Cited by 389 · see citing works
Hatakka, M., Keskinen, E., Gregersen, N. P., Glad, A., & Hernetkoski, K. (2002) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/s1369-8478(02)00018-9 · Cited by 389 · see citing works
The Big Five factors, sensation seeking, and driving anger in the prediction of unsafe driving
Dahlen, E. R., & White, R. P. (2006) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2006.03.016 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Handbook of Driving Simulation for Engineering, Medicine, and Psychology
Fisher, D. L., Rizzo, M., Caird, J., & Lee, J. D. (2011) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b10836 · Cited by 334 · see citing works
Using Eye Movements To Evaluate Effects of Driver Age on Risk Perception in a Driving Simulator
Pradhan, A. K., Hammel, K. R., DeRamus, R., Pollatsek, A., Noyce, D. A., & Fisher, D. L. (2005) · Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society · doi:10.1518/001872005775570961 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
The effects of music tempo on simulated driving performance and vehicular control
Brodsky, W. (2001) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/s1369-8478(01)00025-0 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Driver experience and cognitive workload in different traffic environments
Patten, C., Kircher, A., Östlund, J., Nilsson, L., & Svenson, O. (2006) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2006.02.014 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Prevalence of teen driver errors leading to serious motor vehicle crashes
Curry, A. E., Hafetz, J. S., Kallan, M. J., Winston, F. K., & Durbin, D. R. (2010) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2010.10.019 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Simons-Morton, B. G., Ouimet, M. C., Zhang, Z., Klauer, S. E., Lee, S. E., Wang, J., Chen, R., Albert, P., & Dingus, T. A. (2011) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.02.009 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Self-citationTrends in young driver risk and countermeasures in European countries
Twisk, D. A. M., & Stacey, C. (2007) · Journal of Safety Research · doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2007.03.006 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
What we know about ADHD and driving risk: a literature review, meta-analysis and critique.
Jerome, L., Segal, A., & Habinski, L. (2006) · PubMed Central · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Beanland, V., Goode, N., Salmon, P. M., & Lenné, M. G. (2012) · Safety Science · doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2012.06.021 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Parent involvement in novice teen driving: a review of the literature
Simons‐Morton, B. G., & Ouimet, M. C. (2006) · Injury Prevention · doi:10.1136/ip.2006.011569 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Ouimet, M., Simons-Morton, B., Zador, P., Lerner, N., Freedman, M., Duncan, G. D., & Wang, J. (2009) · Accident Analysis and Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2009.10.017 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Isler, R. B., Starkey, N. J., & Sheppard, P. (2011) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2011.04.017 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Elvik, R. (2006) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2006.01.005 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Naturalistic assessment of novice teenage crash experience
Lee, S. E., Simons‐Morton, B. G., Klauer, S. G., Ouimet, M. C., & Dingus, T. A. (2011) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2011.02.026 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Ross, V., Jongen, E. M. M., Wang, W., Brijs, T., Brijs, K., Ruiter, R. A. C., & Wets, G. (2013) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2013.06.032 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Graduated Driver Licensing Research, 2010-Present
Williams, A. F., Tefft, B. C., & Grabowski, J. G. (2012) · Journal of Safety Research · doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2012.07.004 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Stasson, M. F., & Fishbein, M. (1990) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1990.tb01492.x · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Crash and Risky Driving Involvement Among Novice Adolescent Drivers and Their Parents
Simons‐Morton, B. G., Ouimet, M. C., Zhang, Z., Klauer, S. G., Lee, S. E., Wang, J., Albert, P. S., & Dingus, T. A. (2011) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2011.300248 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Neural responses to exclusion predict susceptibility to social influence.
Falk, E. B., Cascio, C. N., Brook O'Donnell, M., Carp, J., Tinney, F. J., Bingham, C. R., Shope, J. T., Ouimet, M. C., Pradhan, A. K., & Simons-Morton, B. G. (2014) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.12.035 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Detection of Road Hazards by Novice Teen and Experienced Adult Drivers
Lee, S. E., Klauer, S. G., Olsen, E. C. B., Simons‐Morton, B. G., Dingus, T. A., Ramsey, D. J., & Ouimet, M. C. (2008) · Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board · doi:10.3141/2078-04 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Do Elevated Gravitational-Force Events While Driving Predict Crashes and Near Crashes?
Simons‐Morton, B. G., Zhang, Z., Jackson, J. C., & Albert, P. S. (2012) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwr440 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Parenting and the Young Driver Problem
Simons‐Morton, B. G., Ouimet, M. C., & Catalano, R. F. (2008) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2008.06.018 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Young Drivers and Their Passengers: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies on Crash Risk
Ouimet, M. C., Pradhan, A. K., Brooks-Russell, A., Ehsani, J. P., Berbiche, D., & Simons-Morton, B. G. (2015) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.03.010 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Peer influence predicts speeding prevalence among teenage drivers
Simons‐Morton, B. G., Ouimet, M. C., Chen, R., Klauer, S. G., Lee, S. E., Wang, J., & Dingus, T. A. (2012) · Journal of Safety Research · doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2012.10.002 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Carney, C., McGehee, D. V., Lee, J. D., Reyes, M. L., & Raby, M. (2010) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2009.165829 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Improving graduated driver licensing systems: A conceptual approach and its implications
Foss, R. D. (2007) · Journal of Safety Research · doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2007.02.006 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Horrey, W. J., Lesch, M. F., Mitsopoulos-Rubens, E., & Lee, J. D. (2015) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2014.12.017 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Rowe, R., Andrews, E., Harris, P. R., Armitage, C. J., MCKENNA, F. P., & Norman, P. (2016) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2015.12.024 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Simons-Morton, B. G., Bingham, C. R., Ouimet, M. C., Pradhan, A. K., Chen, R., Barretto, A., & Shope, J. T. (2013) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.11.008 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationShell, D. F., Newman, I. M., Córdova-Cazar, A. L., & Heese, J. M. (2015) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2015.05.011 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Experimental effects of injunctive norms on simulated risky driving among teenage males.
Simons‐Morton, B. G., Bingham, C. R., Falk, E. B., Li, K., Pradhan, A. K., Ouimet, M. C., Almani, F., & Shope, J. T. (2014) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0034837 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Young Driver Education Programs That Build Resilience Have Potential to Reduce Road Crashes
Senserrick, T. M., Ivers, R., Boufous, S., Chen, H.-Y., Norton, R., Stevenson, M., van Beurden, E., & Zask, A. (2009) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2009-0659 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Forsyth, E., Maycock, G., & Sexton, B. (1995) · OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique) · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Associations between driver training, determinants of risky driving behaviour and crash involvement
Tronsmoen, T. (2009) · Safety Science · doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2009.05.001 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Peck, R. C. (2011) · IATSS Research · doi:10.1016/j.iatssr.2011.01.001 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Zakrajsek, J. S., Shope, J. T., Greenspan, A. I., Wang, J., Bingham, C. R., & Simons-Morton, B. G. (2013) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.12.010 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Role of formal instruction and informal practice in learning to drive
HALL, J., & West, R. (1996) · Ergonomics · doi:10.1080/00140139608964490 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
The effect on accident risk of a change in driver education in Denmark
Carstensen, G. (2002) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/s0001-4575(01)00005-7 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Masten, S., Foss, R. D., & Marshall, S. W. (2013) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2013.04.013 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Goodwin, A. H., Foss, R. D., Margolis, L. H., & Harrell, S. S. (2014) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2014.02.015 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Trajectories of kinematic risky driving among novice teenagers
Simons‐Morton, B. G., Cheon, K., Guo, F., & Albert, P. S. (2012) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2012.10.011 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Variability in Crash and Near-Crash Risk among Novice Teenage Drivers: A Naturalistic Study
Guo, F., Simons‐Morton, B. G., Klauer, S. G., Ouimet, M. C., Dingus, T. A., & Lee, S. E. (2013) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.07.025 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Higher Crash and Near-Crash Rates in Teenaged Drivers With Lower Cortisol Response
Ouimet, M. C., Brown, T. G., Guo, F., Klauer, S. G., Simons‐Morton, B. G., Fang, Y., Lee, S. E., Gianoulakis, C., & Dingus, T. A. (2014) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.5387 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Li, K., Simons‐Morton, B. G., Gee, B. T., & Hingson, R. (2016) · Journal of Safety Research · doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2016.05.003 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Effect of the Teen Driving Plan on the Driving Performance of Teenagers Before Licensure
Mirman, J. H., Curry, A. E., Winston, F. K., Wang, W., Elliott, M. R., Schultheis, M. T., Thiel, M. C. F., & Durbin, D. R. (2014) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.252 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Conscientious personality and young drivers' crash risk
Ehsani, J. P., Li, K., Simons‐Morton, B. G., Tree‐Mcgrath, C. F., Perlus, J. G., O’Brien, F., & Klauer, S. G. (2015) · Journal of Safety Research · doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2015.06.015 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Considerations of a Dual‐Systems Model of Cognitive Development and Risky Driving
Lambert, A. E., Simons‐Morton, B. G., Cain, S. A., Weisz, S., & Cox, D. J. (2014) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1111/jora.12126 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Durso, F. T., & Dattel, A. R. (2006) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511816796.020 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Simons‐Morton, B. G., Hartos, J. L., Leaf, W. A., & Preusser, D. F. (2006) · Journal of Safety Research · doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2005.10.015 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Differential effects of formal and informal driver training
Groeger, J. A., & Brady, S. (2004) · Cited by 30 · see citing works
European advanced driver training programs: Reasons for optimism
Washington, S. P., Cole, R. J., & Herbel, S. (2011) · IATSS Research · doi:10.1016/j.iatssr.2011.01.002 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Lonero, L. P., & Mayhew, D. R. (2010) · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Thomas, F. D., Rilea, S. L., Blomberg, R. D., Peck, R. C., Korbelak, K., & Dunlap and Associates, I. (2017) · ROSA P · doi:10.21949/1525804 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Lonero, L. P., & Mayhew, D. R. (2010) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e612252011-001 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
A Fresh Look at Driver Education in America
Thomas, F. D., Blomberg, R. D., & Fisher, D. L. (2012) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e562352012-001 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Post-license education for novice drivers: Evaluation of a training programme implemented in Spain
Molina, J. G., Sanmartín, J., Keskinen, E., & Sanders, N. (2007) · Journal of Safety Research · doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2006.10.010 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Teen Drivers' Perceptions of Their Peer Passengers
Ehsani, J. P., Haynie, D. L., Luthers, C., Perlus, J. G., Gerber, E. P., Ouimet, M. C., Klauer, S. G., & Simons‐Morton, B. G. (2015) · Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board · doi:10.3141/2516-04 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Driving simulators as training and evaluation tools: novice drivers
Pollatsek, A., Vlakveld, W. P., Kappé, B., Pradhan, A. K., & Fisher, D. L. (2011) · TNO Repository · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Higher-order instruction by professional driving instructors: a naturalistic pilot study
Scott‐Parker, B., Senserrick, T. M., Simons‐Morton, B. G., & Jones, C. (2014) · USC Research Bank (University of the Sunshine Coast) · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Mynttinen, S., Gatscha, M., Koivukoski, M., Hakuli, K., & Keskinen, E. (2009) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2009.11.002 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Developing and Testing Operational Definitions for Functional and Higher Order Driving Instruction
Eshani, J., Simons‐Morton, B. G., & Klauer, S. G. (2015) · International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training and Vehicle Design (Driving Assessment Conference) · doi:10.17077/drivingassessment.1562 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Measuring Young Drivers’ Behaviors during Complex Driving Situations
Pradhan, A. K., Li, K., Ehsani, J. P., Ouimet, M. C., Klauer, S. G., & Simons‐Morton, B. G. (2013) · International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training and Vehicle Design (Driving Assessment Conference) · doi:10.17077/drivingassessment.1527 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Driver License Testing of Young Novice Drivers
Haire, E. R., Williams, A. F., Preusser, D. F., & Solomon, M. G. (2011) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e621702011-001 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 75 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- [33]Ehsani JP Zhu C O’Brien F Klauer SG Albert PA Simons-Morton BG Teenage drivers’ likelihood of running a traffic light: Does one year of driving make a difference? Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Naturalistic Driving Research Blacksburg, VA, USA 30 August–1 September 2016
- [36]Olsen E Lerner N Perel M Simons-Morton BG In-car electronic device use among teen drivers Proceedings of the 84th Annual Transportation Research Board Meeting Washington, DC, USA 9–13 January 2005
- [58]Ehsani JP Simons-Morton BG Klauer SG Lee S Guu F Dingus T Naturalistic assessment of the first 10 hours of driving Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Naturalistic Driving Research Blacksburg, VA, USA 25–28 August 2014
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Coronavirus disease 2019: What could be the effects on Road safety?
Vingilis, E. R., Beirness, D. J., Boase, P. H., Byrne, P., Johnson, J. K., Jonah, B. A., Mann, R. E., Rapoport, M. J., Seeley, J. S., Wickens, C. M., et al. (2020) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2020.105687 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Graduated driver licensing (GDL) in the United States in 2016: A literature review and commentary
Williams, A. F. (2017) · Journal of Safety Research · doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2017.08.010 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Cassarino, M., & Murphy, G. (2018) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2018.04.003 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Gershon, P., Ehsani, J. P., Zhu, C., Sita, K. R., Klauer, S. G., Dingus, T. A., & Simons‐Morton, B. G. (2018) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.04.012 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Martín-delosReyes, L. M., Jiménez-Mejías, E., Martínez‐Ruiz, V., Moreno-Roldán, E., Molina-Soberanes, D., & Lardelli‐Claret, P. (2018) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2018.12.006 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Driving Performance in Older Adults: Current Measures, Findings, and Implications for Roadway Safety
Toups, R., Chirles, T. J., Ehsani, J. P., Michael, J. P., Bernstein, J. P. K., Calamia, M. R., Parsons, T. D., Carr, D. B., & Keller, J. N. (2022) · Innovation in Aging · doi:10.1093/geroni/igab051 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Traffic accident severity prediction with ensemble learning methods
Çeven, S., & Albayrak, A. (2024) · Computers & Electrical Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.compeleceng.2024.109101 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Holistic Autonomous Driving Understanding by Bird'View Injected Multi-Modal Large Models
Ding, X., Han, J., Xu, H., Liang, X., Zhang, W., & Li, X. (2024) · IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings - IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings · doi:10.1109/cvpr52733.2024.01297 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Naturalistic assessment of the learner license period
Ehsani, J. P., Klauer, S. G., Zhu, C., Gershon, P., Dingus, T. A., & Simons‐Morton, B. G. (2017) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2017.06.014 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Rodwell, D., Hawkins, A., Haworth, N. L., Larue, G. S., Bates, L. J., & Filtness, A. (2018) · Safety Science · doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2018.04.017 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Learner Driver Experience and Teenagers’ Crash Risk During the First Year of Independent Driving
Ehsani, J. P., Gershon, P., Grant, B. J. B., Zhu, C., Klauer, S. G., Dingus, T. A., & Simons‐Morton, B. G. (2020) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0208 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Wallius, E., Klock, A. C. T., & Hamari, J. (2022) · Reliability Engineering & System Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ress.2022.108514 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Truelove, V., Watson-Brown, N., Mills, L., Freeman, J., & Davey, J. D. (2022) · Journal of Safety Research · doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2022.01.004 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Gomes-Franco, K., Rivera‐Izquierdo, M., Martín-delosReyes, L. M., Jiménez-Mejías, E., & Martínez‐Ruiz, V. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17239041 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Watson-Brown, N., Scott‐Parker, B., & Senserrick, T. M. (2018) · Applied Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2018.02.016 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Watson-Brown, N., Senserrick, T. M., Freeman, J., Davey, J. D., & Scott‐Parker, B. (2021) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2021.106064 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
A dynamical systems perspective on driver behavior
Mirman, J. H. (2019) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2019.04.010 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Simons‐Morton, B. G., Gershon, P., Gensler, G. R., Klauer, S. G., Ehsani, J. P., Zhu, C., O’Brien, F., Gore-Langton, R., & Dingus, T. A. (2019) · Traffic Injury Prevention · doi:10.1080/15389588.2019.1648796 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Can Adolescent Drivers' Motor Vehicle Crash Risk Be Reduced by Pre-Licensure Intervention?
Mirman, J. H., Curry, A. E., Elliott, M. R., Long, D. L., & Pfeiffer, M. R. (2017) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.09.015 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Teen Driving Risk and Prevention: Naturalistic Driving Research Contributions and Challenges
Simons‐Morton, B. G., Ehsani, J. P., Gershon, P., Klauer, S. G., & Dingus, T. A. (2017) · Safety · doi:10.3390/safety3040029 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Gendered Analysis of Fatal Crashes among Young Drivers in Alabama, USA
Adanu, E. K., Penmetsa, P., Jones, S., & Smith, R. (2018) · Safety · doi:10.3390/safety4030029 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Freidlin, R. Z., Dave, A., Espey, B. G., Stanley, S. T., Garmendia‐Cedillos, M., Pursley, R. H., Ehsani, J. P., Simons‐Morton, B. G., & Pohida, T. J. (2018) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/mhealth.9290 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Learning to drive: A reconceptualization
Mirman, J. H., Curry, A. E., & Mirman, D. (2019) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2019.01.010 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Ka, E., Kim, D., Hong, J., & Lee, C. (2020) · Journal of Advanced Transportation · doi:10.1155/2020/7525721 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Parent and teen factors associated with the amount and variety of supervised practice driving
Ehsani, J. P., Kar, I. N., Klauer, S. G., Dingus, T. A., & Simons‐Morton, B. G. (2018) · Safety Science · doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2018.08.019 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Crash rates over time among younger and older drivers in the SHRP 2 naturalistic driving study
Simons‐Morton, B. G., Gershon, P., O’Brien, F., Gensler, G. R., Klauer, S. G., Ehsani, J. P., Zhu, C., Gore‐Langton, R. E., & Dingus, T. A. (2020) · Journal of Safety Research · doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2020.03.001 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Ha, T., Rodwell, D., & Senserrick, T. M. (2023) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2023.10.024 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Long-Haul Truck Driver Training Does Not Meet Driver Needs in Canada
Malkin, J., Crizzle, A. M., Zello, G. A., Bigelow, P., & Shubair, M. M. (2020) · Safety and Health at Work · doi:10.1016/j.shaw.2020.09.001 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Ehsani, J. P., Seymour, K. E., Chirles, T. J., & Kinnear, N. (2020) · Journal of Safety Research · doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2020.03.010 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Wang, T., Mu, W., & Cui, N. (2021) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2021.106083 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Novice and Young Drivers and Advanced Driver Assistant Systems: A Review
Mansourifar, F., Nadimi, N., & Golbabaei, F. (2025) · Future Transportation · doi:10.3390/futuretransp5010032 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Do low levels of confidence suppress the tendency to violate?
MCKENNA, F. P. (2018) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2018.03.004 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Watson-Brown, N., Scott‐Parker, B., Simons‐Morton, B. G., & Senserrick, T. M. (2020) · Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board · doi:10.1177/0361198120905594 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Rodwell, D., Larue, G. S., Bates, L. J., & Haworth, N. L. (2020) · Safety · doi:10.3390/safety6040046 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Experience as a Safety Factor in Driving; Methodological Considerations in a Sample of Bus Drivers
af Wåhlberg, A. E., & Dorn, L. (2019) · Safety · doi:10.3390/safety5020037 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Toward a Performance-Based Driver Licensing System for Teenagers in the U.S.
Ehsani, J. P., Kinnear, N., Helman, S., Vaca, F. E., & Michael, J. P. (2022) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.03.009 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Simons‐Morton, B. G. (2017) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.7404 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Adolescents' attitudes and intentions to use a smartphone app to promote safe driving
Pope, C. N., Sezgın, E., Lin, S. M., Morris, N. L., & Zhu, M. (2020) · Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives · doi:10.1016/j.trip.2020.100090 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The transition from resident to consultant
van Delft, K. W. M., & Nightingale, G. (2019) · International Urogynecology Journal · doi:10.1007/s00192-019-04000-0 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Kabakuş, N., & Kaya, Ö. (2025) · International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion · doi:10.1080/17457300.2025.2537683 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Palacio, C. H., Joseph, D. K., Castater, C., Kuhls, D. A., Kirkendoll, S. D., Albini, P. T., & Duncan, T. K. (2025) · Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open · doi:10.1136/tsaco-2024-001526 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Li, Y., Wang, X., & Or, C. K. (2026) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2026.103531 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
How did you become a driver: differences in history of traffic offenses and accident involvement?
Žardeckaitė–Matulaitienė, K., Markšaitytė, R., Endriulaitienė, A., Šeibokaitė, L., & Slavinskienė, J. (2018) · Transactions on Transport Sciences · doi:10.5507/tots.2018.008 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The perception of the demerit point system by drivers: a comparative focus-groups' study in Israel
Elias, W., & Gitelman, V. (2022) · Transactions on Transport Sciences · doi:10.5507/tots.2022.012 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Celic, M., Arefnezhad, S., Vrazic, S., Billington, J., & Merat, N. (2024) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2024.10.014 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Psychometric adaptation of the driving cost and benefit scale in Chinese drivers
Sun, L., Qi, C., & Liu, S. (2021) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2021.10.016 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Epstein, J. N., Garner, A. A., Kiefer, A. W., Peugh, J., Tamm, L., Lynch, J. D., MacPherson, R. P., Simon, J. O., & Fisher, D. L. (2024) · Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society · doi:10.1177/00187208241237863 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Hafetz, J., Gervais, C., Long, D. L., Ford, C. A., & McDonald, C. C. (2025) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2025.07.032 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Virtual Environment for Automobile Driving Test
Ali, A. M., & Sarfraz, M. (2018) · International Conference on Computing Sciences and Engineering (ICCSE) · doi:10.1109/iccse1.2018.8374227 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Planning Educational Activities for Learning “Road Safety”
Παπακίτσος, Ε. Χ., Korakidi, G., Vamvakeros, X., & Mavrakis, A. (2018) · Humanities and Social Science Research · doi:10.30560/hssr.v1n2p43 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Chirles, T. J., Hellinger, A., Ehsani, J. P., Doucette, M. L., Rodman, C. P., Brigham, L., & Shields, W. C. (2023) · Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board · doi:10.1177/03611981231189498 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Drabo, E. F., Michael, J. P., & Ehsani, J. P. (2026) · Injury Prevention · doi:10.1136/ip-2023-045221 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Investigating Perceptions of Emerging Technology in Driver Education
Rodwell, D. (2019) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.132171
Tools for Transport: Driven to Learn With Connected Vehicles
Morris, N. L., Craig, C. M., & Mirman, J. H. (2021) · Topics in Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/tops.12565
Simons‐Morton, B. G., & Gershon, P. (2018) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.09.012
Kurniasih, K., Machfutra, E. D., & Nantabah, Z. K. (2022) · Buletin Penelitian Sistem Kesehatan · doi:10.22435/hsr.v25i1.4085
Bagchi, G. K., Das, S., Garg, A., & Maiti, J. (2022) · International Conference on Data Analytics for Business and Industry (ICDABI) · doi:10.1109/icdabi56818.2022.10041538
Al-Zubaidi, M. G., Zubaidi, H. A., & Al-Humeidawi, B. H. (2023) · E3S Web of Conferences · doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202342703037
Zhang, F., Kerwin, T. F., Rundus, C. R. M., Wrabel, C., Kopelcheck, A., & Yang, J. G. (2025) · Traffic Injury Prevention · doi:10.1080/15389588.2025.2579199
Urban-Rural and Poverty-Related Differences in Young Driver Licensing Pathways in Ohio
Dong, X., Wu, J. S., & Walshe, E. A. (2026) · Findings · doi:10.32866/001c.158237
The family support paradox: Mediating effects of licensure timing on crash risk
Shen, Y., Ryan, A., Becic, I., & Roberts, S. C. (2026) · Journal of Safety Research · doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2026.06.006
Hu, S., Gershon, P., Li, K., & Vaca, F. E. (2026) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2026.04.024
Goldstein, A., Ollech, M., & Musicant, O. (2026) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2026.103781
Celic, M., Billington, J., & Merat, N. (2026) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2026.103831
- Authors
- Simons-Morton, B., & Ehsani, J.
- Affiliations
- Health Behavior Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- ORCID
- Ehsani, Johnathon
- Venue
- Safety
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2016-10-19
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 20
- ISSN
- 2313-576X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5647887
- OpenAlex
- W2535020768
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 5
- FWCI
- 15.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Safety (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (Z01HD001707)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality › Traffic and Road Safety
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Older Adults Driving Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Human-Automation Interaction and Safety
- Keywords
- young drivers, novice drivers, graduated driver licensing, driver training, driving experience, accident rates
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
