Cited by 21HIV Research and TreatmentCellular transport and secretionT-cell and Retrovirus Studies

Viral and host factors regulating HIV-1 envelope protein trafficking and particle incorporation

Open access
Anokhin, Boris, Spearman, Paul·2022·Viruses

Abstract

The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) is an essential structural component of the virus, serving as the receptor-binding protein and principal neutralizing determinant. Env trimers are incorporated into developing particles at the plasma membrane of infected cells. Incorporation of HIV-1 Env into particles in T cells and macrophages is regulated by the long Env cytoplasmic tail (CT) and the matrix region of Gag. The CT incorporates motifs that interact with cellular factors involved in endosomal trafficking. Env follows an unusual pathway to arrive at the site of particle assembly, first traversing the secretory pathway to the plasma membrane (PM), then undergoing endocytosis, followed by directed sorting to the site of particle assembly on the PM. Many aspects of Env trafficking remain to be defined, including the sequential events that occur following endocytosis, leading to productive recycling and particle incorporation. This review focuses on the host factors and pathways involved in Env trafficking, and discusses leading models of Env incorporation into particles.

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Crossref · 10.3390/v14081729

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  • Host factors and cellular trafficking pathways, including the secretory and endocytic recycling systems, contribute to Env's proper distribution and availability at sites of viral assembly.

    “Host factors and cellular trafficking pathways, including the secretory and endocytic recycling systems, contribute to Env’s proper distribution and availability at sites of viral assembly”

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Authors
Anokhin, B., & Spearman, P.
Affiliations
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author
Spearman, Paul
Venue
Viruses
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2022-08-05
Volume
14
Issue
8
Pages
1729
ISSN
1999-4915 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4292513020
Cited by
21
References
128
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2020: 1
FWCI
0.40
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Viruses (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
NIH/NIAID (AI150486)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › HIV Research and Treatment
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
Keywords
HIV-1, envelope glycoprotein, endosomal trafficking, endocytosis, secretory pathway, plasma membrane, recycling, host factors, T cells, macrophages
MeSH terms
Carrier Proteins, HIV-1, Virus Assembly, Protein Transport, env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus

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