Evaluation of Immunization Services for Children of Migrant Workers Along Thailand–Myanmar Border: Compliance with Global Vaccine Action Plan (2011–2020)
Open accessAbstract
Immunization is a core component of the human right to health. However, accessibility to the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) might be difficult among migrant children. This study aims to assess the vaccination coverage of migrant children under a mobile immunization program, initiated by the Thai government in 2014. A cross-sectional, mixed-methods study was conducted in five districts along the Thailand–Myanmar border during July–December 2018. The immunization history during their first year of life was obtained. Focus group discussions were conducted among stakeholders to explore their satisfaction toward the immunization service. Mothers/guardians of 1707 migrant children participated in the survey, with a 71% response rate. The vaccination coverage increased during 2014–2017. The highest vaccination coverage was observed for Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine, with 83.2% coverage in 2017. The vaccination coverage of three doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine and Hepatitis B vaccine and oral polio vaccine increased from 34.8% in 2014 to 56.3% in 2017. For measles-containing vaccine, the vaccination coverage increased from 32.4% in 2014 to 54.6% in 2017. Overall, all stakeholders were satisfied with the immunization service. Increased workload and communication barriers were the main factors that influenced the satisfaction toward the immunization program.
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Completion of the three hepatitis B doses included in the EPI for migrants in Tak province has been documented at around 50%.
“Completion of the three Hepatitis B doses included in the EPI for migrants in Tak province has been documented at around 50% [7, 22].”
Qualitative work from two studies in Tak province revealed that travel cost to the clinics, inability to miss work, and fear of arrest were key reasons for missed vaccination for children.
“Qualitative work from two studies in Tak province revealed that travel cost to the clinics, inability to miss work, and fear of arrest were key reasons for missed vaccination for children [13, 22].”
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Research works printed but not linked: 2
- [1]World Health Organization (WHO) Global Vaccine Action Plan 2011–2020 WHO Press Geneva, Switzerland 2013
- [7]Meyer S. Migration and Mental Health on the Thailand-Burma Border: A Mixed Methods Study Baltimore Ph.D. Thesis Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA 2014
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Gilder, M. E., Pateekhum, C., Hashmi, A., Aramrat, C., Aung, K. K., Miket, W., Chu, C. S., Win, D., Bierhoff, M., Wiwattanacharoen, W., et al. (2022) · International Journal for Equity in Health · doi:10.1186/s12939-022-01802-5 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
- Authors
- Pinna, C., Kaewkungwal, J., Hattasingh, W., Swaddiwudhipong, W., Methakulchart, R., Moungsookjareoun, A., & Lawpoolsri, S.
- Affiliations
- Mahidol University (TH)
- Mae Sot Hospital, Mae Sot, Tak 63110, Thailand
- Tak Provincial Health Office, Muang, Tak 63000, Thailand
- World Health Organization (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Lawpoolsri, Saranath
- Venue
- Vaccines
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2020-02-05
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 68
- ISSN
- 2076-393X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7158671
- OpenAlex
- W3004435103
- Cited by
- 18
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 1.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Vaccines (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- World Health Organization
- Mahidol University
- Thai Health Promotion Foundation
- Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Global Maternal and Child Health
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Migration, Identity, and Health
- Keywords
- childhood immunization, migrant children, Expanded Programme on Immunization, vaccination coverage, Thai-Myanmar border, Global Vaccine Action Plan, BCG vaccine, DTP vaccine, hepatitis B vaccine, oral polio vaccine, measles vaccine, stakeholder satisfaction, health workforce workload, communication barriers
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