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Cited by 216Health Sciences Research and EducationClinical practice guidelines implementationClinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 78 of the 79 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Barriers to GPs' use of evidence-based medicine: a systematic review

Open access
Zwolsman, Sandra, te Pas, Ellen, Hooft, Lotty, Waard, Margreet Wieringa-de, van Dijk, Nynke·2012·British Journal of General Practice
DOI 10.3399/bjgp12x652382PMC PMC3381277
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: GPs report various barriers to the use and practice of evidence-based medicine (EBM). A review of research on these barriers may help solve problems regarding the uptake of evidence in clinical outpatient practice. AIM: To determine the barriers encountered by GPs in the practice of EBM and to come up with solutions to the barriers identified. DESIGN: A systematic review of the literature. METHOD: The following databases were searched: MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, CINAHL, ERIC, and the Cochrane Library, until February 2011. Primary studies (all methods, all languages) that explore the barriers that GPs encounter in the practice of EBM were included. RESULTS: A total of 14 700 articles were identified, of which 22 fulfilled all inclusion criteria. Of the latter, nine concerned qualitative, 12 concerned quantitative, and one concerned both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The barriers described in the articles cover the categories: evidence (including the accompanying EBM steps), the GP's preferences (experience, expertise, education), and the patient's preferences. The particular GP setting also has important barriers to the use of EBM. Barriers found in this review, among others, include lack of time, EBM skills, and available evidence; patient-related factors; and the attitude of the GP. CONCLUSION: Various barriers are encountered when using EBM in GP practice. Interventions that help GPs to overcome these barriers are needed, both within EBM education and in clinical practice.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3399/bjgp12x652382

Cites

78 of 78 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

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We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Economics and financing, including the economic climate, the ways in which the government allocated funding, and investment decisions made by local health authorities, were shown to affect implementation of guidelines and new roles.

    “Economics and financing including the economic climate, the ways in which the government allocated funding, and investment decisions made by local health authorities were shown to affect implementation of guidelines [66] and new roles [54, 55].”

    From Achieving change in primary care—causes of the evidence to practice gap: systematic reviews of reviews (2015) · cites this paper as [66]

  • A lack of confidence in one's own ability to carry out specific tasks and the feeling of not having authority or enough influence to change or carry out procedures impeded implementation.

    “a lack of confidence in one’s own ability to carry out specific tasks and the feeling of not having authority or enough influence to change or carry out the procedures were found to impede implementation [31, 66].”

    From Achieving change in primary care—causes of the evidence to practice gap: systematic reviews of reviews (2015) · cites this paper as [66]

  • Previous personal experience in clinical practice or with the information system affected professional attitudes to a new system or intervention.

    “Previous personal experience in clinical practice or with the information system affected professional attitudes to a new system or intervention [54, 66, 77, 81].”

    From Achieving change in primary care—causes of the evidence to practice gap: systematic reviews of reviews (2015) · cites this paper as [66]

  • Additional workload caused by the implementation of new complex interventions hindered adoption.

    “Additional workload caused by the implementation of new complex interventions was also found to hinder adoption [17, 31, 44, 54, 66, 81, 84].”

    From Achieving change in primary care—causes of the evidence to practice gap: systematic reviews of reviews (2015) · cites this paper as [66]

Citations

Cites

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1 of the 79 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. 10.1136/bmj.324.7350.1350 · DOI
  2. Hyde C Parkes J Deeks J Milne R (2000) Systematic review of the effectiveness of teaching critical appraisal (UK National R&D Programme: Evaluating Methods to Promote the Implementation of R&D, Oxford).

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Metadata

Authors
Zwolsman, S., te Pas, E., Hooft, L., Waard, M. W.-D., & van Dijk, N.
Affiliations
Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
ORCID
Venue
British Journal of General Practice
Publisher
Royal College of General Practitioners
Published
2012-07
Volume
62
Issue
600
Pages
e511-e521
ISSN
  • 0960-1643 (ISSN-L)
  • 1478-5242
DOI
10.3399/bjgp12x652382
PMC
PMC3381277
OpenAlex
W2102169654
Cited by
208
References
79
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 1
FWCI
2.29
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • British Journal of General Practice (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
  • Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
Funders
Universiteit van Amsterdam
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Sciences Research and Education
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Clinical practice guidelines implementation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills
Keywords
evidence-based medicine, barriers to evidence use, general practitioners, primary care, patient preferences, time constraints, outpatient practice
MeSH terms
Attitude of Health Personnel, Clinical Competence, Decision Making, Humans, Patient Participation, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Quality Assurance, Health Care, Evidence-Based Medicine, Patient Preference, General Practice

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