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Cited by 493

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 53 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Sex- and gender-specific disparities in colorectal cancer risk

Open access
Kim, Sung-Eun·2015·World Journal of Gastroenterology
DOI 10.3748/wjg.v21.i17.5167
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Abstract

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer morbidity both in men and in women. However, females over 65 years old show higher mortality and lower 5-year survival rate of colorectal cancer compared to their age-matched male counterparts. The objective of this review is to suggest gender-based innovations to improve colorectal cancer outcomes in females. Women have a higher risk of developing right-sided (proximal) colon cancer than men, which is associated with more aggressive form of neoplasia compared to left-sided (distal) colon cancer. Despite differences in tumor location between women and men, most of scientific researchers do not consider sex specificity for study design and interpretation. Also, colorectal cancer screening guidelines do not distinguish females from male, which may explain the higher frequency of more advanced neoplasia when tumors are first detected and false negative results in colonoscopy in females. Moreover, socio-cultural barriers within females are present to delay screening and diagnosis. Few studies, among studies that included both men and women, have reported sex-specific estimates of dietary risk factors which are crucial to establish cancer prevention guidelines despite sex- and gender-associated differences in nutrient metabolism and dietary practices. Furthermore, anti-cancer drug use for colorectal cancer treatment can cause toxicity to the reproductive system, and gender-specific recurrence and survival rates are reported. Therefore, by understanding sex- and gender-related biological and socio-cultural differences in colorectal cancer risk, gender-specific strategies for screening, treatment and prevention protocols can be established to reduce the mortality and improve the quality of life.

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Metadata

Authors
Kim, S.-E.
Venue
World Journal of Gastroenterology
Publisher
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
Published
2015
Volume
21
Issue
17
Pages
5167
ISSN
1007-9327 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3748/wjg.v21.i17.5167
OpenAlex
W583072873
Cited by
493
References
53
FWCI
10.14
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

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