The top 100 questions of importance to the future of global agriculture
Open accessAbstract
Despite a significant growth in food production over the past half-century, one of the most important challenges facing society today is how to feed an expected population of some nine billion by the middle of the 20th century. To meet the expected demand for food without significant increases in prices, it has been estimated that we need to produce 70–100 per cent more food, in light of the growing impacts of climate change, concerns over energy security, regional dietary shifts and the Millennium Development target of halving world poverty and hunger by 2015. The goal for the agricultural sector is no longer simply to maximize productivity, but to optimize across a far more complex landscape of production, rural development, environmental, social justice and food consumption outcomes. However, there remain significant challenges to developing national and international policies that support the wide emergence of more sustainable forms of land use and efficient agricultural production. The lack of information flow between scientists, practitioners and policy makers is known to exacerbate the difficulties, despite increased emphasis upon evidence-based policy. In this paper, we seek to improve dialogue and understanding between agricultural research and policy by identifying the 100 most important questions for global agriculture. These have been compiled using a horizon-scanning approach with leading experts and representatives of major agricultural organizations worldwide. The aim is to use sound scientific evidence to inform decision making and guide policy makers in the future direction of agricultural research priorities and policy support. If addressed, we anticipate that these questions will have a significant impact on global agricultural practices worldwide, while improving the synergy between agricultural policy, practice and research. This research forms part of the UK Government's Foresight Global Food and Farming Futures project.
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- Authors
- Pretty, J., Sutherland, W. J., Ashby, J., Auburn, J., Baulcombe, D., Bell, M., Bentley, J., Bickersteth, S., Brown, K., Burke, J., Campbell, H., Chen, K., Crowley, E., Crute, I., Dobbelaere, D., Edwards-Jones, G., Funes-Monzote, F., Godfray, H. C. J., Griffon, M., Gypmantisiri, P., Haddad, L., Halavatau, S., Herren, H., Holderness, M., Izac, A.-M., Jones, M., Koohafkan, P., Lal, R., Lang, T., McNeely, J., Mueller, A., Nisbett, N., Noble, A., Pingali, P., Pinto, Y., Rabbinge, R., Ravindranath, N. H., Rola, A., Roling, N., Sage, C., Settle, W., Sha, J. M., Shiming, L., Simons, T., Smith, P., Strzepeck, K., Swaine, H., Terry, E., Tomich, T. P., Toulmin, C., Trigo, E., Twomlow, S., Vis, J. K., Wilson, J., & Pilgrim, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Essex (GB)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CO)
- United States Department of Agriculture (US)
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- CAB International (GB)
- Department for International Development (GB)
- University of East Anglia (GB)
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (IT)
- University of Otago (NZ)
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CN)
- Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board (GB)
- University of Bern (CH)
- q School of the Environment and Natural Resources, Bangor University , Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, LL57 2UW, UK
- University of Matanzas (CU)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (FR)
- Chiang Mai University (TH)
- University of Sussex (GB)
- Pacific Community (NC)
- Millennium Engineering and Integration (United States) (US)
- CGIAR (FR)
- Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa (GH)
- The Ohio State University (US)
- City, University of London (GB)
- International Union for Conservation of Nature (CH)
- Government of the United Kingdom (GB)
- National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute (LA)
- Gates Foundation (US)
- Wageningen University & Research (NL)
- Indian Institute of Science Bangalore (IN)
- University of the Philippines Los Baños (PH)
- ak Wageningen University , 6700 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- University College Cork (IE)
- Fujian Normal University (CN)
- South China Agricultural University (CN)
- University of Aberdeen (GB)
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- University of Victoria (CA)
- au Agricultural Technology Clearing House and Consulting (ATECHO) , 4109 17th Street NW, Washington, DC, 20011, USA
- University of California, Davis (US)
- International Institute for Environment and Development (GB)
- ax Grupo CEO , Hipolito Yrigoyen 785 Piso 5M, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- United Nations Environment Programme (KE)
- az Unilever , Olivier van Noortlaan 120, 3133 AT, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands
- Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (GB)
- ORCID
- Pretty, Jules
- Sutherland, William J.
- Ashby, Jacqueline
- Baulcombe, David
- Bell, Michael
- Brown, Katrina
- Campbell, Hugh
- Chen, Kevin
- Dobbelaere, Dirk
- Herren, Hans
- Lal, Rattan
- McNeely, Jeffrey
- Mueller, Alexander
- Nisbett, Nicholas
- Pingali, Prabhu
- Ravindranath, N. H.
- Sage, Colin
- Sha, J. M.
- Smith, Pete
- Tomich, Thomas P.
- Toulmin, Camilla
- Wilson, Jeremy
- Venue
- International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2010-11
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 219-236
- ISSN
- 1473-5903 (ISSN-L)
- 1747-762X
- OpenAlex
- W1969784023
- Cited by
- 539
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 55 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 45 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 40
- FWCI
- 31.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- research.wur.nl
- Locations
- International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability (publishedVersion)
- NOT FOUND REPOSITORY (Indian Institute of Science Bangalore) (acceptedVersion)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
- IFPRI E-brary (International Food Policy Research Institute) (submittedVersion)
- CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research) (submittedVersion)
- International Food Policy Research Institute (International Food Policy Research Institute) (submittedVersion)
- Otago University Research Archive (University of Otago) (submittedVersion)
- Open Access at Essex (University of Essex) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Office of Science
- Economic and Social Research Council (RES-227-25-0025-A)
- Natural Environment Research Council (NE/G017638/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Agricultural and Food Production Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Climate change impacts on agriculture
- Keywords
- world agriculture, agricultural research priorities, agricultural policy, horizon scanning, food security, population growth, sustainable land use, evidence-based policy, science-policy interface, climate change impacts on agriculture, energy security, rural development, dietary intake
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