Cited by 40Muscle Physiology and DisordersGinseng Biological Effects and ApplicationsMuscle metabolism and nutrition

Ginsenoside Rg1 Prevents Starvation-Induced Muscle Protein Degradation Via Regulation of AKT/mTOR/FoxO Signaling in C2C12 Myotubes

Open access
Li, Fengyu, Li, Xiaoxue, Peng, Xuewei, Sun, Lili, Jia, Shengnan, Wang, Ping, Ma, Shuang, Zhao, Hongyan +2 more·2017·Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Abstract

Skeletal muscle atrophy is often caused by catabolic conditions including fasting, disuse, aging and chronic diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Atrophy occurs when the protein degradation rate exceeds the rate of protein synthesis. Therefore, maintaining a balance between the synthesis and degradation of protein in muscle cells is a major way to prevent skeletal muscle atrophy. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) is a primary active ingredient in Panax ginseng, which is considered to be one of the most valuable herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. In the current study, Rg1 was observed to inhibit the expression of MuRF‑1 and atrogin‑1 in C2C12 muscle cells in a starvation model. Rg1 also activated the phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), protein kinase B (AKT), and forkhead transcription factor O, subtypes 1 and 3a. This phosphorylation was inhibited by LY294002, a phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase inhibitor. These data suggest that Rg1 may participate in the regulation of the balance between protein synthesis and degradation, and that the function of Rg1 is associated with the AKT/mTOR/FoxO signaling pathway.

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  • The Akt/mTOR/FoxO signaling pathway is involved in ginsenoside Rg1's protection against muscle atrophy by balancing protein degradation.

    “Akt/mTOR/FoxO signaling pathway was involved in this process, suggesting that ginsenoside Rg1 may protect against muscle atrophy by balancing the protein degradation [148].”
  • Ginsenoside Rg1 increases the viability of mouse C2C12 myoblast cells and inhibits the expression of MAFbx and MuRF1 in the starvation-induced muscle atrophy model.

    “For example, ginsenoside Rg1, a primary active ingredient in Panax ginseng, increases the viability of mouse C2C12 myoblast cells and inhibits the expression of MAFbx and MuRF1 in the starvation-induced muscle atrophy model.”

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Authors
Li, F., Li, X., Peng, X., Sun, L., Jia, S., Wang, P., Ma, S., Zhao, H., Yu, Q., & Huo, H.
Affiliations
Northeast Normal University (CN)
Venue
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Published
2017-06-15
Volume
14
Issue
2
Pages
1241-1247
ISSN
  • 1792-0981 (ISSN-L)
  • 1792-1015
OpenAlex
W2625473467
Cited by
40
References
65
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3
FWCI
1.23
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
People's Government of Jilin Province
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ginseng Biological Effects and Applications
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Keywords
ginsenoside Rg1, skeletal muscle atrophy, muscle protein degradation, starvation, MuRF1, atrogin-1, C2C12 myotubes, Panax ginseng, protein synthesis, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, mTOR phosphorylation

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