Approaching ADHD as a Chronic Condition: Implications for Long-Term Adherence
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common chronic conditions of childhood. Although evidence-based treatments for ADHD, including stimulant medication and behavior modification, have long been established, and guidelines for care of ADHD in primary care settings have been developed, adherence to long-term therapy is poor among youth with ADHD. This article proposes use of the Chronic Care Model for Child Health, the purpose of which is to develop informed, activated patients who will interact with a prepared, proactive health care team. Six “pillars” make up the model: decision support, delivery system design, clinical information systems, family and self-management support, community resources and policies, and health care organizations. Each of these is discussed, and an individual example is described. Adopting the Chronic Care Model for Child Health has the potential to improve the quality of care for ADHD.
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Ongoing adherence to psychosocial treatment is a key contributor to its beneficial effects.
“Nonetheless, ongoing adherence to psychosocial treatment is a key contributor to its beneficial effects, making implementation of a chronic care model for child health important to ensure sustained adherence.86”
From Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents (2019) · cites this paper as [86]
Easy accessible interventions such as serious games can stimulate young patients with ADHD to comanage their health care processes.
“Given that young patients with ADHD have engagement and motivation issues in general, easy accessible interventions such as serious games can stimulate them to comanage their health care processes as part of the Chronic Care Model of Child Health and the World Health Organization Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2020 [22,23,64].”
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- Authors
- Van Cleave, J., & Leslie, L. K.
- ORCID
- Leslie, Laurel K.
- Venue
- Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services
- Publisher
- SLACK, Inc.
- Published
- 2008-08
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 28-37
- ISSN
- 0279-3695 (ISSN-L)
- 1938-2413
- OpenAlex
- W1599658026
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Medication Adherence and Compliance
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, long-term medication adherence, stimulant medication, pediatric chronic conditions, clinical information systems, decision support, community resources, quality of care, primary care
- MeSH terms
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Child Psychiatry, Psychology, Child, Chronic Disease, Community Participation, Continuity of Patient Care, Female, Humans, Long-Term Care, Patient Care Team, Patient Compliance, Primary Health Care, Psychiatric Nursing, Referral and Consultation, Social Support, Models, Nursing, Models, Organizational, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Total Quality Management, Evidence-Based Medicine, Decision Support Systems, Clinical
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