Association of food form with self-reported 24-h energy intake and meal patterns in US adults: NHANES 2003–2008
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Laboratory studies suggest that food form (beverages compared with solid foods) evokes behavioral and physiologic responses that modify short-term appetite and food intake. Beverage energy may be less satiating and poorly compensated, which leads to higher energy intake. OBJECTIVE: We examined associations between 24-h energy consumed in beverages and a variety of meal and dietary attributes to quantify the contribution of beverage consumption to the energy content of diets in free-living individuals consuming their self-selected diets. DESIGN: We used dietary recall data for adults (n = 13,704) in NHANES 2003-2008 to examine the multiple covariate-adjusted associations between 24-h energy from beverages and nonbeverages and associations between beverage intake, eating behaviors, and the energy density of beverage and nonbeverage foods. RESULTS: In the highest tertile of 24-h beverage energy intake, beverages provided >30% of energy. Total 24-h energy and nonbeverage energy consumption and energy density (kcal/g) of both beverage and nonbeverage foods increased with increasing energy from beverages (P < 0.0001). With increasing 24-h beverage energy consumption, the reported frequency of all, snack, and beverage-only ingestive episodes and length of the ingestive period increased, whereas the percentage of energy from main meals decreased (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Higher 24-h beverage energy intake was related to higher energy intake from nonbeverage foods, quality of food selections, and distribution of 24-h energy into main meal and snack episodes. Moderation of beverage-only ingestive episodes and curtailing the length of the ingestion period may hold potential to lower uncompensated beverage energy consumption in the US population.
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In a study by Kant et al., 24-hour beverage energy intake was positively associated with saturated fat, sugar, sodium and alcohol intakes after adjustment for energy intake from foods.
“Kant et al. ( 96 ) demonstrated a positive association between 24 h beverage EI with saturated fat, sugar, Na and alcohol intakes, after adjustment for EI from foods.”
From Understanding meal patterns: definitions, methodology and impact on nutrient intake and diet quality (2015) · cites this paper as [96]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Kant, A. K., Graubard, B. I., & Mattes, R. D.
- Affiliations
- Queens College, CUNY (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kant, Ashima K
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-12
- Volume
- 96
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1369-1378
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3497926
- OpenAlex
- W2158758027
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 4.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- City University of New York
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK079913)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- food form, beverages, solid foods, meal patterns, energy density, satiety, compensatory eating, dietary habits, dietary recall, NHANES
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Beverages, Energy Intake, Diet, Female, Food, Humans, Hyperphagia, Male, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, United States, Young Adult, Self Report, Meals, Snacks, Food Quality
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