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Effects of protein supplementation combined with resistance exercise on body composition and physical function in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
Background: Overweight and obese older people face a high risk of muscle loss and impaired physical function, which may contribute to sarcopenic obesity. Resistance exercise training (RET) has a beneficial effect on muscle protein synthesis and can be augmented by protein supplementation (PS). However, whether body weight affects the augmentation of muscular and functional performance in response to PS in older people undergoing RET remains unclear.Objective: This study was conducted to identify the effects of PS on the body composition and physical function of older people undergoing RET.Design: We performed a comprehensive search of online databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting the efficacy of PS for lean mass gain, strength gain, and physical mobility improvements in older people undergoing RET.Results: We included 17 RCTs; the overall mean ± SD age and body mass index (BMI; in kg/m 2) in these RCTs were 73.4 ± 8.1 y and 29.7 ± 5.5, respectively. The participants had substantially greater lean mass and leg strength gains when PS and RET were used than with RET alone, with the standard mean differences (SMDs) being 0.58 (95% CI: 0.32, 0.84) and 0.69 (95% CI: 0.39, 0.98), respectively. The subgroup of studies with a mean BMI ≥30 exhibited substantially greater lean mass (SMD: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.19, 0.87) and leg strength (SMD: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.42, 1.34) gains in response to PS. The subgroup of studies with a mean BMI <30 also exhibited relevant gains in response to PS.Conclusions: Compared with RET alone, PS combined with RET may have a stronger effect in preventing aging-related muscle mass attenuation and leg strength loss in older people, which was found in studies with a mean BMI ≥30 and in studies with a mean BMI <30. Clinicians could use nutrition supplement and exercise strategies, especially PS plus RET, to effectively improve the physical activity and health status of all older patients.
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“Of note, Liao et al. 106 compared the effect of additional protein ingestion and RE with no intervention as a control group; therefore, it is reasonable to suggest that the RE was the primary intervention leading to the main findings.”
From Systematic review and meta-analysis of protein intake to support muscle mass and function in healthy adults (2022) · cites this paper as [106]
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“The claimed superior effects of multi-ingredients compared to the intake of each ingredient in isolation are based on their synergistic interaction or amplification effect once the included ingredients are ingested as a component of a special formulation (Liao et al. 2017).”
From Effect of a Multi-Ingredient Post-Workout Dietary Supplement on Body Composition and Muscle Strength – A Randomized Controlled Trial (2025) · cites this paper as Liao et al. 2017
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“The insertion of clinical trials testing multi‐ingredient supplements, 106 including energy‐restricted weight‐loss diets, 13 or using different cut‐off points for age sub‐groups likely explain the differences in main effects and conclusions when comparing studies. 14 , 21 , 22 , 23”
From Systematic review and meta-analysis of protein intake to support muscle mass and function in healthy adults (2022) · cites this paper as [106]
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“In contrast, Liao et al. 106 found additive significant main effects for additional protein (but included numerous other supplement ingredients) ingestion and RE in the performance of physical function tests in older overweight or obese subjects.”
From Systematic review and meta-analysis of protein intake to support muscle mass and function in healthy adults (2022) · cites this paper as [106]
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“Because protein supplementation mainly induces muscular adaptations such as muscle hypertrophy, contributions of neural and muscular factors to training-induced adaptation would not be coincidence between resistance training interventions with and without protein supplementation.”
From Modulation of Neural and Muscular Adaptation Processes During Resistance Training by Fish Protein Ingestions in Older Adults (2020) · cites this paper as [11]
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“There has been growing recognition that increases in muscle mass and strength following resistance training is elicited by protein supplementation in older adults (10,11).”
From Modulation of Neural and Muscular Adaptation Processes During Resistance Training by Fish Protein Ingestions in Older Adults (2020) · cites this paper as [11]
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“In most of the previous studies, casein, whey, and/or milk protein have been used as protein supplementations to test the effect of its combination with resistance training (10,11)”
From Modulation of Neural and Muscular Adaptation Processes During Resistance Training by Fish Protein Ingestions in Older Adults (2020) · cites this paper as [11]
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“On the other hand, amount of CAS supplementation used in this study is relatively low in comparison with those used in the previous studies (10–63 g/d or 0.3 g/kg/d) (10,11).”
From Modulation of Neural and Muscular Adaptation Processes During Resistance Training by Fish Protein Ingestions in Older Adults (2020) · cites this paper as [11]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“PS in combination with resistance-type MSE has been identified as an efficient intervention for LM and strength gain in elderly individuals [11,13,15,19,59,64].”
In the citing paper
“Previous systemic reviews have shown nonsignificant effects on changes in muscle mass [20,69], muscle strength [20], and physical mobility [19] in response to PS + MSE for elderly adults who mostly were healthy or not frail.”
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, we identified that an increase of >2.0% to 3.0% in muscle mass predicts a positive effect of PS + MSE on leg strength and walking capability, which may explain the inconsistencies with other authors who reported conflicting results of such synergetic improvements in muscle mass and function [13,17,18,19,20].”
In the citing paper
“Recent systematic reviews have summarized the synergistic effects of PS and ET on body composition and strength in older individuals [15,17,18,19,20], most of which included healthy participants [18,19,20,21] and included trials using RET only [18,19,20,21].”
From Effects of Protein Supplementation Combined with Exercise Intervention on Frailty Indices, Body Composition, and Physical Function in Frail Older Adults (2018) · cites this paper as [20]
In the citing paper
“there may have been sex differences for changes in body composition in response to PS plus exercise training [20,91,92,93]”
From Effects of Protein Supplementation Combined with Exercise Intervention on Frailty Indices, Body Composition, and Physical Function in Frail Older Adults (2018) · cites this paper as [20]
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“To prevent muscle mass loss, exercise and protein intake are important [32].”
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Optimal Protein Intake during Weight Loss Interventions in Older Adults with Obesity
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“These results are also in line with the meta-analysis by Liao et al.(45) showing that protein supplementation combined with resistance training leads, in comparison with these interventions performed alone, to greater improvement in leg fat-free mass, fat mass (FM) and MS but not functional capacities.”
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“Intervention was conducted by supplementation of milk protein [28, 41] or by intake of non-meat protein and mixture of (dietary) protein types except meat [29, 36] (Table 2).”
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“While many studies investigating the effects of exercise and nutrition found that highprotein diets/protein supplementation combined with exercise have stronger beneficial effects on skeletal muscle functions and physical functions than exercise alone (18, 19), the knowledge about the effects of exercise alone or in c…”
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“On the other hand, recent meta-analyses have shown that protein supplementation combined with RT is effective to elicit gains in skeletal muscle mass and muscular strength in older people (Hidayat et al., 2018; Liao et al., 2017).”
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“Unfortunately, most of them suffer from chronic diseases and changes in their lean body mass and fat mass [4,5], which are often due to incorrect dietary habits.”
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“Resistance training is effective and safe for reversing muscle atrophy in RA [2] whereas dietary protein supplementation and the combination with resistance exercise have shown an increase in muscle strength and physical performance in healthy elderly patients, but have not been completely examined in patients with RA…”
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“In a systematic review, combined interventions of RT and protein intake improved lean body mass and lower extremity muscle strength compared with RT alone in obese older adults ((26)).”
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Protein – a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023
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“Other studies on protein supplementation and resistance exercise in healthy older adults or with sarcopenia or frailty support these findings (91, 92).”
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“It’s believed that creatine supplementation has an effect on the increase in the activity of skeletal muscles (14, 15).”
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“of protein supplementation on leanmass without concomitant exercise(17), while the other showed that protein supplementation with resistant exercise has positive effects on lean mass compared with exercise intervention alone(18).”
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“5 g/day) or protein supplementation received a conditional recommendation for muscle wasting treatment [44, 158, 159] and higher doses of protein (up to 2 g/day) may be appropriate in persons with severe illness or injury or when there is evidence of a pro-inflammatory/ catabolic state [44, 158].”
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“This has also been advocated in previous studies, which suggest that dietary protein should be prescribed together with physical exercise in order to optimize muscle health [12,16,17,36].”
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“…the possibility that resistance exercise alone may not be sufficient to produce significant improvements in the outcomes of interest, as the impact of protein supplementation combined with resistance exercise was found to be more effective in improving body composition and functionality [59,60].”
BackgroundSun, J., He, M. T., Chen, M., Chen, Y., Yuan, W., Song, F., Ren, L., Shen, H., Zhang, J., Shen, X., et al. (2025) · Nutrition Journal · doi:10.1186/s12937-025-01244-z · Cited by 11
“Previous studies have demonstrated that either resistance or multicomponent exercise alone can induce modest changes of similar magnitude in lean mass (~ 0.6 kg) and strength (~ 2 kg handgrip strength) over comparable intervention durations [53, 54].”
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“A meta-analysis of the combined effects of resistance exercise and protein intake in the elderly showed that the combined use of high-protein diets was more effective in increasing LBM and muscle strength than resistance exercise alone (Liao et al., 2017).”
BackgroundSo, E., Choi, S. K., & Joung, H. (2019) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s000711451900117x · Cited by 12
“meta-analyses have reported that exercise interventions may be beneficial in improving muscle strength and physical performance (57,60,61) .”
BackgroundYe, H., Yang, J., Luo, Y., Long, Y., Zhang, J.-H., Zhong, Y., Gao, F., & Wang, M. (2023) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1093988 · Cited by 11
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“Interest in the “optimal” approach to lifestyle intervention in older adults at risk for functional decline have typically centered on combined resistance exercise and nutrition cointerventions (Liao et al., 2017; Ten Haaf et al., 2018; LabataLezaun et al., 2020).”
BackgroundInfluentialRibeiro, A. S., PEREIRA, L. C., Schoenfeld, B. J., Nunes, J. P., Kassiano, W., Nabuco, H. C. G., Sugihara, P., Fernandes, R. R., Antunes, M., Aguiar, A. F., et al. (2022) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002855 · Cited by 11
Oikawa, S. Y., Brisbois, T. D., van Loon, L. J. C., & Rollo, I. (2021) · GeroScience · doi:10.1007/s11357-021-00419-w · Cited by 13
“Indeed, long-term RE can augment anabolic sensitivity and augment skeletal muscle mass and strength in older adults [20].”
BackgroundLiu, X., Chen, B., Jin, Y., Zhong, F., Zhang, Y., Yu, L., Zhang, Y., Cui, R., Wu, B., Cui, L., et al. (2025) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000043976 · Cited by 14
“[40,41] The improvements in the timed up and go test were similar in both groups (decrease of 3–5”
Choi, E. Y. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15041014 · Cited by 12
“Meta-analyses analyzing RCTs conducted with elderly subjects also have shown that protein supplementation alone is ineffective and that protein supplementation combined with resistance training is more effective in enhancing muscle mass and strength [10,22,31,32].”
MethodEffects of non-pharmacological interventions on patients with sarcopenic obesity: A meta-analysis
Xu, J., Hu, Q., Li, J., Zhou, Y., & Chu, T. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0290085 · Cited by 10
Beyond BMI: central obesity measures and cardiovascular risk in late life
Erdoğan, O., Erdoğan, T., Önür, N. H., Özkök, S., Karan, M. A., & Bahat, G. (2025) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-025-03197-z · Cited by 16
“In addition, lifestyle and nutritional interventions also play a significant role; a recent meta-analysis confirmed that protein supplementa - tion combined with resistance exercise improves body composition and physical function in older adults [ 51 ].”
Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: How to Deal with This Chameleon
Lucà, F., Oliva, F. G., Abrignani, M. G., Fusco, S. A. D., Gori, M., Giubilato, S., Ceravolo, R., Temporelli, P. L., Cornara, S., Rao, C. M., et al. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13051375 · Cited by 14
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“A recentmeta-analysis of RCT regarding the effects of protein supplementation on the body composition and PF of older people undergoing resistance exercise training concluded that compared with resistance exercise training alone, protein supplementation combined with resistance exercise training may have a stronger ef…”
MethodWatanabe, K., Holobar, A., Uchida, K., & Mita, Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.645747 · Cited by 10
Dorhout, B. G., Doets, E. L., van Dongen, E. J. I., de Groot, C. P. G. M., & Haveman‐Nies, A. (2021) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glab104 · Cited by 11
“On the other hand, variation in effect sizes can be due to heterogeneity in study populations, including differences in age, sex, health status, and training status of the participants (13,14,16,17).”
InfluentialSarcopenic obesity: pathogenesis, epidemiology and management in older adults
Glavas, C., & Scott, D. S. (2025) · Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1080/17446651.2025.2543811 · Cited by 11
Martínez-Herrera, B.-E., Trujillo-Hernández, B., Sat-Muñoz, D., González-Barba, F., Cruz-Corona, E., Bayardo-López, L. H., Solórzano‐Meléndez, A., Oñate-Zubdia, D.-A., Galaviz, R. M., Flores-Carlos, J., et al. (2022) · Ear Nose & Throat Journal · doi:10.1177/01455613221076791 · Cited by 9
Michel, J., Lievense, K., Norton, S., da Costa, J. A., Alphin, K. H., Bailey, L., & Miller, G. D. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14132739 · Cited by 10
“Interventions adopting strategies comparable to these have shown promising results, as meta-analyses have found that protein supplementation augments fat free mass gain [29] and strength measures [27,30] in older adults as compared to RT alone.”
ResultSawicka, A. K., Jaworska, J., Brzeska, B., Sabisz, A., Samborowska, E., Radkiewicz, M., Szurowska, E., Winklewski, P. J., Szarmach, A., & Olek, R. A. (2022) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-022-1848-y · Cited by 9
“RET in combination with nutritional intervention provides a better stimulus for maintaining muscle strength and mass than RET alone (7).”
Herda, A. A., Mckay, B. D., Herda, T., Costa, P., Stout, J. R., & Cramer, J. (2020) · Journal of Aging and Physical Activity · doi:10.1123/japa.2019-0468 · Cited by 12
A health concept with a social potential: an interview study with nursing home residents
Vikström, S., Grönstedt, H. K., Cederholm, T., Franzén, E., Seiger, Å., Irving, G. F., & Boström, A. (2020) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-020-01731-4 · Cited by 9
Oosterwijk, M. M., Navis, G. J., Bakker, S. J. L., & Laverman, G. D. (2022) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm12020300 · Cited by 11
“Therefore, recent recommendations also focus on physical activity or exercise, preferably undertaken daily by all older people, for as long as possible [39,40].”
BackgroundNagata, S., Kato, A., Isobe, S., Fujikura, T., Ohashi, N., Miyajima, H., & Yasuda, H. (2020) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.14557 · Cited by 9
“…frailty is regular exercise and sufficient intake of dietary protein enriched with branched-chain amino acids (BCAA; leucine, isoleucine, valine) (Liao et al., 2017), which have been found to effectively prevent sarcopenia in CKD patients without accelerating kidney dysfunction (Castaneda…”
Backgroundda Costa, R. F., Nogueira, R. C., Fisberg, M., & Ferrari, G. (2023) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1146553 · Cited by 11
The Impact of Combined Nutrition and Exercise Interventions in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
de Geus, M., Dam, M., Visser, W. J., Ipema, K. J. R., Egmond, A. M. E. D. M.-V., Tieland, M., Weijs, P. J. M., & Kruizenga, H. M. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16030406 · Cited by 10
van Erck, D., Moeskops, P., Schoufour, J. D., Weijs, P. J. M., Reimer, W. J. M. S. O., van Mourik, M. S., Planken, R. N., Vis, M. M., Baan, J., Išgum, I., et al. (2024) · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN · doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.06.013 · Cited by 8
Sarcopenia, Diabetes, and Nutritional Intervention
Wicks, S. M., Саламон, І., Calderón, Á. I., de Blanco, E. J. C., & Mahady, G. B. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-812019-4.00023-4 · Cited by 8
Dedeyne, L., Dupont, J., Verschueren, S., Koppo, K., Tournoy, J., Matthys, C., & Gielen, E. (2021) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.672971 · Cited by 10
Effects of lifelong spontaneous exercise on skeletal muscle and angiogenesis in super-aged mice
Baek, K., Kim, S.-J., Kim, B.-G., Jung, Y., Hah, Y., Moon, H. Y., Yoo, J., Park, J. S., & Kim, J. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0263457 · Cited by 8
“For example of myostatin antibodies include urticaria, aseptic meningitis, diarrhea, confusion, and fatigue [5]; moreover, they showed no marked advantage over the combination of resistance training and protein supplementation [6].”
BackgroundPano-Rodríguez, Á., Beltrán-Garrido, J. V., Hernández‐González, V., & Masià, J. R. (2020) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2020.00313 · Cited by 8
Khalid, T., Ben‐Shlomo, Y., Bertram, W., Culliford, L. A., England, C. Y., Henderson, E. J., Jameson, C., Jepson, M., Palmer, S., Whitehouse, M. R., et al. (2023) · Pilot and Feasibility Studies · doi:10.1186/s40814-023-01363-6 · Cited by 7
“A systematic review of studies in older people showed the combination of protein and muscle-strengthening exercise was associated with improvements in lean mass, leg strength, and walking capability [43].”
BackgroundSchalla, J., Frommelt, S., Geisler, S., & Isenmann, E. (2024) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2024.1346637 · Cited by 7
Wang, Y., Sun, D., & Zhu, Z. (2025) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1080/15502783.2025.2471471 · Cited by 7
“An expanding corpus of evidence, encompassing diverse populations and age demographics, consistently demonstrates a robust positive association between dietary protein intake and both lean mass and muscle strength [14–16].”
Men, J., Zhao, C., Xiang, C., Zhu, G., Yu, Z., Wang, P., Wu, S., Zhang, Y., Li, Y., Wang, L., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1526991 · Cited by 7
“An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that exercise can enhance age-related body composition (15); ameliorate dyslipidemia; improve cardiopulmonary function (16); prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, CVD, and cancer (17); and reduce overall mortality rates (18).”
Guo, C., Dai, T., Zhang, H., Luo, M., Gao, J., & Feng, X. (2025) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2025.1495218 · Cited by 7
“Among the four included studies (Liao et al., 2017; Liao et al., 2018; Vasconcelos et al., 2016; Lee et al., 2021), the results of Chun-De Liao 2017, Chun-De Liao 2018, and Yu-Hao Lee (Liao et al., 2017; Liao et al., 2018; Lee et al., 2021) were consistent.”
Tan, Z., Jiang, Y., Candow, D. G., Castagna, C., Wang, X., & Zheng, H. (2026) · European Review of Aging and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s11556-025-00399-2 · Cited by 13
“…with the meta-analysis by Peterson et al. (2011) [74], which demonstrated significant gains in LM and appendicular SMM in older adults following RT, and with Liao et al. (2017) [25], who found that protein supplementation combined with RT further augments muscle mass indices in aging populations.”
InfluentialFilho, J. M., Biesek, S., Vojciechowski, A. S., Tormes, G. D. A., & Gomes, A. R. S. (2022) · Geriatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.10.009 · Cited by 7
Puente-Fernández, J., Larumbe‐Zabala, E., Jiménez, A., Liguori, G. A., Rossato, C. J. L., Mayo, X., & Naclerio, F. (2022) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2022.112079 · Cited by 8
van Erck, D., Dolman, C. D., Henriques, J. P. S., Schoufour, J. D., Delewi, R., Reimer, W. J. M. S. O., & Snaterse, M. (2023) · European Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1007/s41999-023-00774-1 · Cited by 7
“Earlier research has shown that interventions focused on prescribed extra protein and two hours of weekly exercise for eight weeks can lead to a significant increase in muscle mass and muscle strength, without the need for a complete change in habitual behaviour [24].”
MethodPolo-Ferrero, L., Recio-Rodriguez, J. I., González‐Manzano, S., Martín-Vallejo, J., Iglesias, F. J. B., Montero‐Errasquín, B., Cruz-Jentoft, A. J., & Sánchez, R. M. (2025) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.015 · Cited by 7
Kim, Y.-A., Jin, S. W., Oh, S. H., Lee, G. H., Pham, H. T., Choi, J. H., Chung, Y., Lee, W. L., Kim, S. K., & Jeong, H. G. (2018) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2018.04.062 · Cited by 7
Effective treatment improves the body composition of patients with esophageal motility disorders
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Nygård, L. K., Mundal, I. P., Dahl, L., Benth, J. Š., & Rokstad, A. M. M. (2021) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md19020062 · Cited by 7
“Protein supplements have been shown to elicit gains in muscle strength in older people when used in combination with strength exercise [6].”
BackgroundGriffen, C., Renshaw, D. W., Duncan, M. J., Weickert, M. O., & Hattersley, J. G. (2022) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.15268 · Cited by 8
“, 2015), and augments RE- induced FM reduction (Bell et al., 2017; Liao et al., 2017).”
BackgroundInfluentialNutritional support in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Asian perspective
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Adherence of Older Cardiac Patients to a Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program
van Erck, D., Terbraak, M. S., Dolman, C. D., Weijs, P. J. M., Henriques, J. P. S., Delewi, R., Verweij, L., Jepma, P., Reimer, W. J. M. S. O., & Schoufour, J. D. (2023) · Geriatrics · doi:10.3390/geriatrics8030053 · Cited by 8
“Previous research has shown that a combination of supplemental protein nutrition and exercise is more effective than exercise alone [27,28].”
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“The claimed superior effects of multi-ingredients compared to the intake of each ingredient in isolation are based on their synergistic interaction or amplification effect once the included ingredients are ingested as a component of a special formulation (Liao et al. 2017).”
Al‐Rawhani, A. H., Adznam, S. N., Zaid, Z. A., Yusop, N. B. M., Sallehuddin, H. M., & Alshawsh, M. A. (2025) · Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · doi:10.1002/jpen.2749 · Cited by 7
Protein status of people with phenylketonuria: a scoping review protocol
Firman, S. J., Ramachandran, R., Whelan, K., Witard, O. C., & O'Keeffe, M. M. (2021) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049883 · Cited by 6
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Quantitative 3D-CT imaging of sarcopenia mitigation in elderly: evidence from a case report
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Metadata
- Authors
- Liao, C.-D., Tsauo, J.-Y., Wu, Y.-T., Cheng, C.-P., Chen, H.-C., Huang, Y.-C., Chen, H.-C., & Liou, T.-H.
- Affiliations
- National Taiwan University (TW)
- National Taiwan University Hospital (TW)
- National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Science (TW)
- Taipei Medical University (TW)
- Corresponding author
- Liou, Tsan-Hon
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-04
- Volume
- 106
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1078-1091
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2747357561
- Cited by
- 317
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 4.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Health and Welfare
- National Science Council
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (053-MY3, 2314-B-038)
- Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Keywords
- protein supplementation, resistance training, older adults, sarcopenic obesity, body composition, lean mass gain, leg strength, physical function, physical mobility, body mass index, muscle protein synthesis, muscle mass loss
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Body Composition, Dietary Proteins, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Muscles, Obesity, Physical Fitness, Dietary Supplements, Muscle Strength, Resistance Training, Sarcopenia
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