Eating in the absence of hunger in adolescents: intake after a large-array meal compared with that after a standardized meal
Open accessAbstract
Background Eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) is typically assessed by measuring youths' intake of palatable snack foods after a standard meal designed to reduce hunger. Because energy intake required to reach satiety varies among individuals, a standard meal may not ensure the absence of hunger among participants of all weight strata.Objective The objective of this study was to compare adolescents' EAH observed after access to a very large food array with EAH observed after a standardized meal.Design Seventy-eight adolescents participated in a randomized crossover study during which EAH was measured as intake of palatable snacks after ad libitum access to a very large array of lunch-type foods (>10,000 kcal) and after a lunch meal standardized to provide 50% of the daily estimated energy requirements.Results The adolescents consumed more energy and reported less hunger after the large-array meal than after the standardized meal (P values < 0.001). They consumed ≈70 kcal less EAH after the large-array meal than after the standardized meal (295 ± 18 compared with 365 ± 20 kcal; P < 0.001), but EAH intakes after the large-array meal and after the standardized meal were positively correlated (P values < 0.001). The body mass index z score and overweight were positively associated with EAH in both paradigms after age, sex, race, pubertal stage, and meal intake were controlled for (P values ≤ 0.05).Conclusion EAH is observable and positively related to body weight regardless of whether youth eat in the absence of hunger from a very large-array meal or from a standardized meal. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00631644.
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A substantial group of youth experiences LOC, defined as loss of control eating over smaller food amounts that do not fulfil DSM-5 criteria for an objectively large amount but have equivalent psychopathological relevance.
“A substantial group of youth experiences LOC, defined as loss of control eating over smaller food amounts which do not fulfil the criteria of an objective large food amount as required according to DSM-5, but with equivalent psychopathological relevance [7, 8].”
From Correlates of interpersonal emotion regulation problems in Loss of Control eating (LOC) in youth: study protocol of the combined online and App based questionnaire, laboratory and randomized controlled online intervention i-BEAT trial (2021) · cites this paper as [8]
The Introduction and Discussion examine eating in the absence of hunger after meals, not loss-of-control (LOC) eating. Searches for LOC, smaller-than-objectively-large eating episodes, DSM criteria, and equivalent psychopathological relevance found no passage addressing those claims. (LLM, conf=0.75)
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- Authors
- Shomaker, L. B., Tanofsky-Kraff, M., Zocca, J. M., Courville, A., Kozlosky, M., Columbo, K. M., Wolkoff, L. E., Brady, S. M., Crocker, M. K., Ali, A. H., Yanovski, S. Z., & Yanovski, J. A.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Shomaker, Lauren B
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-10
- Volume
- 92
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 697-703
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2937581
- OpenAlex
- W2148755772
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 7.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- American Heart Association
- National Institutes of Health
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (R072IC)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R072IC, R01DK080906)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities
- Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research (1R01DK080906)
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (R072IC)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (F32HD056762)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- eating in the absence of hunger, adolescents, hunger, energy intake, body mass index, overweight, satiety
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Adolescent, Appetite, Breast, Energy Intake, Eating, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Hunger, Male, Puberty, Surveys and Questionnaires, Satiation, Testis, Patient Selection, Overweight
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