Cited by 233Gut microbiota and healthFood composition and propertiesMicrobial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Fecal Butyrate Levels Vary Widely among Individuals but Are Usually Increased by a Diet High in Resistant Starch1,2

Open access

McOrist, Alexandra L., Miller, Rosalind B., Bird, Anthony R., Keogh, Jennifer B., Noakes, Manny, Topping, David L., Conlon, Michael A.·2011·The Journal of Nutrition

DOI 10.3945/jn.110.128504

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Butyrate and other SCFA produced by bacterial fermentation of resistant starch (RS) or nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP) promote human colonic health. To examine variation in fecal variables, especially butyrate, among individuals and the response to these fibers, a randomized cross-over study was conducted that compared the effects of foods supplying 25 g of NSP or 25 g of NSP plus 22 g of RS/d over 4 wk in 46 healthy adults (16 males, 30 females; age 31-66 y). Fecal SCFA levels varied widely among participants at entry (butyrate concentrations: 3.5-32.6 mmol/kg; butyrate excretions: 0.3-18.2 mmol/48 h). BMI explained 27% of inter-individual butyrate variation, whereas protein, starch, carbohydrate, fiber, and fat intake explained up to 16, 6, 2, 4, and 2% of butyrate variation, respectively. Overall, acetate, butyrate, and total SCFA concentrations were higher when participants consumed RS compared with entry and NSP diets, but individual responses varied. Individual and total fecal SCFA excretion, weight, and moisture were higher than those for habitual diets when either fiber diet was consumed. SCFA concentrations (except butyrate) and excretions were higher for males than for females. Butyrate levels increased in response to RS in most individuals but often decreased when entry levels were high. Fecal butyrate and ammonia excretions were positively associated ((2) = 0.76; P < 0.001). In conclusion, fecal butyrate levels vary widely among individuals but consuming a diet high in RS usually increases levels and may help maintain colorectal health.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3945/jn.110.128504

Cites

40 of 40 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest
Turnbaugh, P. J., Ley, R. E., Mahowald, M. A., Magrini, V., Mardis, E. R., & Gordon, J. I. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05414 · Cited by 12,444
A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins
Turnbaugh, P. J., Hamady, M., Yatsunenko, T., Cantarel, B. L., Duncan, A., Ley, R. E., Sogin, M. L., Jones, W. J., Roe, B. A., Affourtit, J. P., et al. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07540 · Cited by 7,823
Modified Reagents for Determination of Urea and Ammonia
Chaney, A. L., & Marbach, E. P. (1962) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/8.2.130 · Cited by 3,941
Short chain fatty acids in human large intestine, portal, hepatic and venous blood
Cummings, J. H., Pomare, E. W., Branch, W. J., Naylor, C. P., & Macfarlane, G. T. (1987) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.28.10.1221 · Cited by 3,119
Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Human Colonic Function: Roles of Resistant Starch and Nonstarch Polysaccharides
Topping, D. L., & Clifton, P. M. (2001) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.2001.81.3.1031 · Cited by 3,091
Self-citation
Review article: the role of butyrate on colonic function
HAMER, H. M., JONKERS, D., VENEMA, K., VANHOUTVIN, S., TROOST, F. J., & BRUMMER, R. ‐. (2008) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03562.x · Cited by 2,721
Effects of the gut microbiota on host adiposity are modulated by the short-chain fatty-acid binding G protein-coupled receptor, Gpr41
Samuel, B. S., Shaito, A., Motoike, T., Rey, F. E., Backhed, F., Manchester, J. K., Hammer, R. E., Williams, S. C., Crowley, J., Yanagisawa, M., et al. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0808567105 · Cited by 1,564
The control and consequences of bacterial fermentation in the human colon
Cummings, J. H., & Macfarlane, G. T. (1991) · Journal of Applied Bacteriology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1991.tb02739.x · Cited by 1,499
Dietary fibre in food and protection against colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): an observational study
Bingham, S. A., Day, N., Luben, R., Ferrari, P., Slimani, N., Norat, T., Clavel‐Chapelon, F., Kesse‐Guyot, E., Nieters, A., Boeing, H., et al. (2003) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13174-1 · Cited by 1,123
Reduced dietary intake of carbohydrates by obese subjects results in decreased concentrations of butyrate and butyrate-producing bacteria in feces
Duncan, S. H., Belenguer, A., Holtrop, G., Johnstone, A. M., Flint, H. J., & Lobley, G. E. (2007) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.02340-06 · Cited by 941

Show all 40 references

Sorted by citations

Items 201–233 of 233

Clinical, psychosocial and therapeutic aspects of irritable bowel syndrome : results of cohort studies and aprobiotic intervention trial
Thijssen, A. Y. (2015) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20151119at
Interaction of Cocoa Powder with Intestinal Microbiota
Li, Z. (2018) · doi:10.31390/gradschool_dissertations.4192
An In Silico Study: Can the Modulation of miRNA Expression through a Diet that Promotes the Production of Butyrate and Consumption of Genistein and Quercetin, Impact Cancer?
Jun, S.-M., & Bishop, K. S. (2018) · Journal of Food and Nutrition Research · doi:10.12691/jfnr-6-12-5
Effect of resistant starch supplementation on blood lipids in metabolic disorder adults: A meta analysis of randomized controlled trials
Ma, A., Yu, Y., Sun, J., Cui, M., Miao, T., Hu, H., & Zhang, M. (2019) · Journal of Advances in Health · doi:10.3724/sp.j.2640-8686.2019.0132
The Mismatch Repair System Control Proliferation and Differentiation of Colon Epithelial Cells by Sensing Microbial Induced Oxidative DNA Damage
Irrazábal, T. (2018) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Exploring the Microbiome through Probiotics and Psychobiotics: Deciphering the Gut-Brain Link
Pathak, R., Tirumalai, P. S., & Kashyap, S. (2023) · ACTA SCIENTIFIC MICROBIOLOGY · doi:10.31080/asmi.2023.06.1315
Unlocking the Potential of Resistant Starch: A Genetic Perspective on Enhancing Human Health
Sarmah, B., Baruah, V. J., & Mazumder, N. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-9527-1_11
An optimised approach to evaluate variability in gut health markers in healthy adultsPreprint
Krüger, K., Myeonghyun, Y., van der Wielen, N., Kok, D. E. G., Hooiveld, G. J. E. J., Keshtkar, S., Bruin, M. D.-D., Balvers, M. G. J., Grootte-Bromhaar, M., Mudde, K., et al. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.07.25.604267
Precision Activity‐Based α‐Amylase Probes for Dissection and Annotation of Linear and Branched‐Chain Starch‐Degrading Enzymes
Pickles, I. B., Chen, Y., Moroz, O. V., Brown, H. A., de Boer, C., Armstrong, Z., McGregor, N. G. S., Artola, M., Codée, J. D. C., Koropatkin, N. M., et al. (2024) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.202415219
A butyrate‐producing synbiotic mitigates intestinal inflammation in a murine colitis model
Sung, H., Cho, S. Y., Ma, S. H., You, J. S., Yoon, M. Y., & Yoon, S. S. (2025) · mLife · doi:10.1002/mlf2.70027
Additional file 10 of Gut microbiome variation modulates the effects of dietary fiber on host metabolism
Murga-Garrido, S. M., Hong, Q., Cross, T.-W. L., Hutchison, E. R., Han, J., Thomas, S. P., Vivas, E. I., Denu, J., Ceschin, D. G., Tang, Z.-Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14633879
Additional file 9 of Gut microbiome variation modulates the effects of dietary fiber on host metabolism
Murga-Garrido, S. M., Hong, Q., Cross, T.-W. L., Hutchison, E. R., Han, J. H., Thomas, S. P., Vivas, E. I., Denu, J., Ceschin, D. G., Tang, Z.-Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14633963
Additional file 7 of Gut microbiome variation modulates the effects of dietary fiber on host metabolism
Murga-Garrido, S. M., Hong, Q., Cross, T.-W. L., Hutchison, E. R., Han, J. H., Thomas, S. P., Vivas, E. I., Denu, J., Ceschin, D. G., Tang, Z.-Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14633957
Additional file 5 of Gut microbiome variation modulates the effects of dietary fiber on host metabolism
Murga-Garrido, S. M., Hong, Q., Cross, T.-W. L., Hutchison, E. R., Han, J. H., Thomas, S. P., Vivas, E. I., Denu, J., Ceschin, D. G., Tang, Z.-Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14633951
Additional file 12 of Gut microbiome variation modulates the effects of dietary fiber on host metabolism
Murga-Garrido, S. M., Hong, Q., Cross, T.-W. L., Hutchison, E. R., Han, J. H., Thomas, S. P., Vivas, E. I., Denu, J., Ceschin, D. G., Tang, Z.-Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14633885
Additional file 11 of Gut microbiome variation modulates the effects of dietary fiber on host metabolism
Murga-Garrido, S. M., Hong, Q., Cross, T.-W. L., Hutchison, E. R., Han, J. H., Thomas, S. P., Vivas, E. I., Denu, J., Ceschin, D. G., Tang, Z.-Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14633882
Additional file 13 of Gut microbiome variation modulates the effects of dietary fiber on host metabolism
Murga-Garrido, S. M., Hong, Q., Cross, T.-W. L., Hutchison, E. R., Han, J. H., Thomas, S. P., Vivas, E. I., Denu, J., Ceschin, D. G., Tang, Z.-Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14633888
Additional file 2 of Dietary enrichment of resistant starches or fibers differentially alter the feline fecal microbiome and metabolite profile
Lee, A. H., Jha, A. R., Do, S., Scarsella, E., Shmalberg, J. W., Schauwecker, A., Steelman, A. J., Honaker, R. W., & Swanson, K. S. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21756693
Additional file 4 of Gut microbiome variation modulates the effects of dietary fiber on host metabolism
Murga-Garrido, S. M., Hong, Q., Cross, T.-W. L., Hutchison, E. R., Han, J. H., Thomas, S. P., Vivas, E. I., Denu, J., Ceschin, D. G., Tang, Z.-Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14633948
Additional file 15 of Gut microbiome variation modulates the effects of dietary fiber on host metabolism
Murga-Garrido, S. M., Hong, Q., Cross, T.-W. L., Hutchison, E. R., Han, J. H., Thomas, S. P., Vivas, E. I., Denu, J., Ceschin, D. G., Tang, Z.-Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14633894
Additional file 2 of Gut microbiome variation modulates the effects of dietary fiber on host metabolism
Murga-Garrido, S. M., Hong, Q., Cross, T.-W. L., Hutchison, E. R., Han, J. H., Thomas, S. P., Vivas, E. I., Denu, J., Ceschin, D. G., Tang, Z.-Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14633939
Additional file 6 of Gut microbiome variation modulates the effects of dietary fiber on host metabolism
Murga-Garrido, S. M., Hong, Q., Cross, T.-W. L., Hutchison, E. R., Han, J. H., Thomas, S. P., Vivas, E. I., Denu, J., Ceschin, D. G., Tang, Z.-Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14633954
Additional file 3 of Gut microbiome variation modulates the effects of dietary fiber on host metabolism
Murga-Garrido, S. M., Hong, Q., Cross, T.-W. L., Hutchison, E. R., Han, J. H., Thomas, S. P., Vivas, E. I., Denu, J., Ceschin, D. G., Tang, Z.-Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14633945
Additional file 1 of Dietary enrichment of resistant starches or fibers differentially alter the feline fecal microbiome and metabolite profile
Lee, A. H., Jha, A. R., Do, S., Scarsella, E., Shmalberg, J. W., Schauwecker, A., Steelman, A. J., Honaker, R. W., & Swanson, K. S. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21756690
Additional file 16 of Gut microbiome variation modulates the effects of dietary fiber on host metabolism
Murga-Garrido, S. M., Hong, Q., Cross, T.-W. L., Hutchison, E. R., Han, J. H., Thomas, S. P., Vivas, E. I., Denu, J., Ceschin, D. G., Tang, Z.-Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14633897
Additional file 14 of Gut microbiome variation modulates the effects of dietary fiber on host metabolism
Murga-Garrido, S. M., Hong, Q., Cross, T.-W. L., Hutchison, E. R., Han, J. H., Thomas, S. P., Vivas, E. I., Denu, J., Ceschin, D. G., Tang, Z.-Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14633891
Additional file 17 of Gut microbiome variation modulates the effects of dietary fiber on host metabolism
Murga-Garrido, S. M., Hong, Q., Cross, T.-W. L., Hutchison, E. R., Han, J. H., Thomas, S. P., Vivas, E. I., Denu, J., Ceschin, D. G., Tang, Z.-Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14633900
Additional file 8 of Gut microbiome variation modulates the effects of dietary fiber on host metabolism
Murga-Garrido, S. M., Hong, Q., Cross, T.-W. L., Hutchison, E. R., Han, J. H., Thomas, S. P., Vivas, E. I., Denu, J., Ceschin, D. G., Tang, Z.-Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14633960
Additional file 30 of Gut microbiome variation modulates the effects of dietary fiber on host metabolism
Murga-Garrido, S. M., Hong, Q., Cross, T.-W. L., Hutchison, E. R., Han, J. H., Thomas, S. P., Vivas, E. I., Denu, J., Ceschin, D. G., Tang, Z.-Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14633942
Papel do ácido fólico e relação com a saúde pública
Rezende, G. G. D. S., Ottani, M. F. C., dos Santos, E. F. M., Bragil, I. S. M., & Gomes‐Marcondes, M. C. C. (2026) · BioEns ios · doi:10.20396/bioe.v4i00.21089
Butyrate and Butyrate-Producing Bacteria in Cardiovascular–Kidney–Metabolic Syndrome
Huang, W. W., Zhou, F. L., Wang, S., Shu, M., Liu, Z., & Gao, L. (2026) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox15070812
Distinct SCFA profiles drive contrasting impacts of whole versus refined grains on metabolic health and body composition beyond inflammation in older adults: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Ge, Z., Cheng, L., Wang, J., Ding, B., Li, Y., Wang, N., Bi, Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Peng, Z., et al. (2026) · Nutrition & Metabolism · doi:10.1186/s12986-026-01165-6
Data from: The association between salivary amylase gene copy number and enzyme activity with type 2 diabetes status.
Poole, A. C. (2025) · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · doi:10.5281/zenodo.15054013

Authors: McOrist, A. L., Miller, R. B., Bird, A. R., Keogh, J. B., Noakes, M., Topping, D. L., & Conlon, M. A.
Affiliations: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (AU)
Corresponding author: Conlon, Michael A.
ORCID: Bird, Anthony R.
Keogh, Jennifer B.
Noakes, Manny
Conlon, Michael A.
Venue: The Journal of Nutrition
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2011-05
Volume: 141
Issue: 5
Pages: 883-889
ISSN: 0022-3166 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3945/jn.110.128504
OpenAlex: W2135928643
Cited by: 231
References: 40
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 4.63
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 4303 d)
Locations: Journal of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
Keywords: short-chain fatty acids, resistant starch, non-starch polysaccharides, dietary fiber, interindividual variability, colonic fermentation, acetate, ammonia excretion, sex differences, body mass index
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Ammonia, Butyrates, Diet, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Feces, Female, Fermentation, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Polysaccharides, Sex Characteristics, Starch, Water, Reproducibility of Results, Body Mass Index, Cross-Over Studies

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Fecal Butyrate Levels Vary Widely among Individuals but Are Usually Increased by a Diet High in Resistant Starch1,2

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks